Prometheus Proxmox VE Exporter

This is an exporter that exposes information gathered from Proxmox VE node for use by the Prometheus monitoring system.

Installation

Requires Python 3.9 or better.

Using pip:

python3 -m pip install prometheus-pve-exporter
pve_exporter --help

Using docker:

docker pull prompve/prometheus-pve-exporter

Example: Display usage message:

docker run -it --rm prompve/prometheus-pve-exporter --help

Example: Run the image with a mounted configuration file and published port:

docker run --init --name prometheus-pve-exporter -d -p 127.0.0.1:9221:9221 -v /path/to/pve.yml:/etc/prometheus/pve.yml prompve/prometheus-pve-exporter

Prometheus PVE Exporter will now be reachable at http://localhost:9221/.

Usage

usage: pve_exporter [-h] [--collector.status | --no-collector.status]
                    [--collector.version | --no-collector.version]
                    [--collector.node | --no-collector.node]
                    [--collector.cluster | --no-collector.cluster]
                    [--collector.resources | --no-collector.resources]
                    [--collector.config | --no-collector.config]
                    [--collector.replication | --no-collector.replication]
                    [--config.file CONFIG_FILE]
                    [--web.listen-address WEB_LISTEN_ADDRESS]
                    [--server.keyfile SERVER_KEYFILE]
                    [--server.certfile SERVER_CERTFILE]

options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --config.file CONFIG_FILE
                        Path to config file (/etc/prometheus/pve.yml)
  --web.listen-address WEB_LISTEN_ADDRESS
                        Address on which to expose metrics and web server.
                        ([::]:9221)
  --server.keyfile SERVER_KEYFILE
                        SSL key for server
  --server.certfile SERVER_CERTFILE
                        SSL certificate for server

cluster collectors:
  cluster collectors are run if the url parameter cluster=1 is set and
  skipped if the url parameter cluster=0 is set on a scrape url.

  --collector.status, --no-collector.status
                        Exposes Node/VM/CT-Status
  --collector.version, --no-collector.version
                        Exposes PVE version info
  --collector.node, --no-collector.node
                        Exposes PVE node info
  --collector.cluster, --no-collector.cluster
                        Exposes PVE cluster info
  --collector.resources, --no-collector.resources
                        Exposes PVE resources info

node collectors:
  node collectors are run if the url parameter node=1 is set and skipped if
  the url parameter node=0 is set on a scrape url.

  --collector.config, --no-collector.config
                        Exposes PVE onboot status
  --collector.replication, --no-collector.replication
                        Exposes PVE replication info

Use [::] in the --web.listen-address flag in order to bind to both IPv6 and IPv4 sockets on dual stacked machines.

Visit http://localhost:9221/pve?target=1.2.3.4&cluster=1&node=1 where 1.2.3.4 is the IP of the Proxmox VE node to get metrics from. Specify the module request parameter, to choose which module to use from the config file.

The target request parameter defaults to localhost. Hence if pve_exporter is deployed directly on the proxmox host, target can be omitted.

Use the --collector.X / --no-collector.X flags to enable disable selected collectors.

Note that that the config collector results in one API call per guest VM/CT. It is therefore recommended to disable this collector using the --no-collector.config flag on big deployments.

See the wiki for more examples and docs.

Exported Metrics

Here's an example of the metrics exported.

# HELP pve_up Node/VM/CT-Status is online/running
# TYPE pve_up gauge
pve_up{id="node/proxmox"} 1.0
pve_up{id="qemu/100"} 1.0
pve_up{id="storage/proxmox/local"} 1.0
pve_up{id="storage/proxmox/local-lvm"} 1.0
pve_up{id="storage/proxmox/vms"} 1.0
# HELP pve_disk_size_bytes Storage size in bytes (for type 'storage'), root image size for VMs (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_disk_size_bytes gauge
pve_disk_size_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 6.8719476736e+010
pve_disk_size_bytes{id="node/proxmox"} 3.1044079616e+010
pve_disk_size_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/local"} 3.1044079616e+010
pve_disk_size_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/local-lvm"} 6.9243764736e+010
pve_disk_size_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/vms"} 1.934882766848e+012
# HELP pve_disk_usage_bytes Used disk space in bytes (for type 'storage'), used root image space for VMs (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_disk_usage_bytes gauge
pve_disk_usage_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 0.0
pve_disk_usage_bytes{id="node/proxmox"} 1.7571426304e+010
pve_disk_usage_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/local"} 1.7571426304e+010
pve_disk_usage_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/local-lvm"} 6.619703908e+09
pve_disk_usage_bytes{id="storage/proxmox/vms"} 8.32870981632e+011
# HELP pve_memory_size_bytes Number of available memory in bytes (for types 'node', 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_memory_size_bytes gauge
pve_memory_size_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 1.7179869184e+010
pve_memory_size_bytes{id="node/proxmox"} 6.739961856e+010
# HELP pve_memory_usage_bytes Used memory in bytes (for types 'node', 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_memory_usage_bytes gauge
pve_memory_usage_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 1.6573280275e+010
pve_memory_usage_bytes{id="node/proxmox"} 5.3907812352e+010
# HELP pve_network_transmit_bytes The amount of traffic in bytes that was sent from the guest over the network since it was started. (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc')
# TYPE pve_network_transmit_bytes gauge
pve_network_transmit_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 7.75070828e+09
# HELP pve_network_receive_bytes The amount of traffic in bytes that was sent to the guest over the network since it was started. (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc')
# TYPE pve_network_receive_bytes gauge
pve_network_receive_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 1.529756162e+09
# HELP pve_disk_write_bytes The amount of bytes the guest wrote to its block devices since the guest was started. This info is not available for all storage types. (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc')
# TYPE pve_disk_write_bytes gauge
pve_disk_write_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 1.50048127488e+011
# HELP pve_disk_read_bytes The amount of bytes the guest read from its block devices since the guest was started. This info is not available for all storage types. (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc')
# TYPE pve_disk_read_bytes gauge
pve_disk_read_bytes{id="qemu/100"} 7.473739264e+09
# HELP pve_cpu_usage_ratio CPU utilization (for types 'node', 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_cpu_usage_ratio gauge
pve_cpu_usage_ratio{id="qemu/100"} 0.105009724408557
pve_cpu_usage_ratio{id="node/proxmox"} 0.984243806697115
# HELP pve_cpu_usage_limit Number of available CPUs (for types 'node', 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_cpu_usage_limit gauge
pve_cpu_usage_limit{id="qemu/100"} 1.0
pve_cpu_usage_limit{id="node/proxmox"} 4.0
# HELP pve_uptime_seconds Uptime of node or virtual guest in seconds (for types 'node', 'qemu' and 'lxc').
# TYPE pve_uptime_seconds gauge
pve_uptime_seconds{id="qemu/100"} 315039.0
pve_uptime_seconds{id="node/proxmox"} 315069.0
# HELP pve_storage_shared Whether or not the storage is shared among cluster nodes
# TYPE pve_storage_shared gauge
pve_storage_shared{id="storage/proxmox/local"} 0.0
pve_storage_shared{id="storage/proxmox/local-lvm"} 0.0
pve_storage_shared{id="storage/proxmox/vms"} 0.0
# HELP pve_ha_state HA service status (for HA managed VMs).
# TYPE pve_ha_state gauge
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="stopped"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="request_stop"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="request_start"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="request_start_balance"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="started"} 1.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="fence"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="recovery"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="migrate"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="relocate"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="freeze"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="qemu/100",state="error"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="node/proxmox",state="online"} 1.0
pve_ha_state{id="node/proxmox",state="maintenance"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="node/proxmox",state="unknown"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="node/proxmox",state="fence"} 0.0
pve_ha_state{id="node/proxmox",state="gone"} 0.0
# HELP pve_lock_state The guest's current config lock (for types 'qemu' and 'lxc')
# TYPE pve_lock_state gauge
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="backup"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="clone"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="create"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="migrate"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="rollback"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="snapshot"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="snapshot-delete"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="suspended"} 0.0
pve_lock_state{id="qemu/100",state="suspending"} 0.0
# HELP pve_guest_info VM/CT info
# TYPE pve_guest_info gauge
pve_guest_info{id="qemu/100",name="samplevm1",node="proxmox",type="qemu",tags="tag1;tag2"} 1.0
# HELP pve_storage_info Storage info
# TYPE pve_storage_info gauge
pve_storage_info{content="iso,vztmpl,rootdir",id="storage/proxmox/local",node="proxmox",plugintype="dir",storage="local"} 1.0
pve_storage_info{content="backup",id="storage/proxmox/local-lvm",node="proxmox",plugintype="lvm",storage="local-lvm"} 1.0
pve_storage_info{content="images",id="storage/proxmox/vms",node="proxmox",plugintype="rbd",storage="vms"} 1.0
# HELP pve_node_info Node info
# TYPE pve_node_info gauge
pve_node_info{id="node/proxmox",level="",name="proxmox",nodeid="0"} 1.0
# HELP pve_onboot_status Proxmox vm config onboot value
# TYPE pve_onboot_status gauge
pve_onboot_status{id="qemu/201",node="proxmox",type="qemu"} 1.0
# HELP pve_version_info Proxmox VE version info
# TYPE pve_version_info gauge
pve_version_info{release="7.1",repoid="6fe299a0",version="7.1-5"} 1.0
# HELP pve_replication_duration_seconds Proxmox vm replication duration
# TYPE pve_replication_duration_seconds gauge
pve_replication_duration_seconds{id="1-0"} 7.73584
# HELP pve_replication_last_sync_timestamp_seconds Proxmox vm replication last_sync
# TYPE pve_replication_last_sync_timestamp_seconds gauge
pve_replication_last_sync_timestamp_seconds{id="1-0"} 1.713382503e+09
# HELP pve_replication_last_try_timestamp_seconds Proxmox vm replication last_try
# TYPE pve_replication_last_try_timestamp_seconds gauge
pve_replication_last_try_timestamp_seconds{id="1-0"} 1.713382503e+09
# HELP pve_replication_next_sync_timestamp_seconds Proxmox vm replication next_sync
# TYPE pve_replication_next_sync_timestamp_seconds gauge
pve_replication_next_sync_timestamp_seconds{id="1-0"} 1.7134689e+09
# HELP pve_replication_failed_syncs Proxmox vm replication fail_count
# TYPE pve_replication_failed_syncs gauge
pve_replication_failed_syncs{id="1-0"} 0.0
# HELP pve_replication_info Proxmox vm replication info
# TYPE pve_replication_info gauge
pve_replication_info{guest="qemu/1",id="1-0",source="node/proxmox1",target="node/proxmox2",type="local"} 1.0

Authentication

Using pve.yml config file

Example pve.yml for password authentication:

default:
    user: prometheus@pve
    password: sEcr3T!
    # Optional: set to false to skip SSL/TLS verification
    verify_ssl: true

Example pve.yml for token authentication:

default:
    user: prometheus@pve
    token_name: "your-token-id"
    token_value: "..."

Using environment variables:

If the PVE_USER environment variable exists, then configuration is taken from the environment instead of from the pve.yml config file. The following environment variables are respected:

• PVE_USER: user name

Required for password authentication:

• PVE_PASSWORD: user password

Required for token authentication:

• PVE_TOKEN_NAME: token name
• PVE_TOKEN_VALUE: token value

Optional:

• PVE_VERIFY_SSL: Either true or false, whether or not to verify PVE tls certificate. Defaults to true.
• PVE_MODULE: Name of the configuration module. Defaults to default.

The configuration is passed directly into proxmoxer.ProxmoxAPI().

Note on verify_ssl and certificate trust store:

When operating PVE with self-signed certificates, then it is necessary to either import the certificate into the local trust store (see this SE answer for Debian/Ubuntu) or add verify_ssl: false to the config dict as a sibling to the credentials. Note that PVE supports Let's Encrypt out ouf the box. In many cases setting up trusted certificates is the better option than operating with self-signed certs.

Proxmox VE Configuration

For security reasons it is essential to add a user with read-only access (PVEAuditor role) for the purpose of metrics collection.

Refer to the Proxmox Documentation for the several ways of creating a user. Once created, assign the user the / path permission.

Prometheus Configuration

The PVE exporter can be deployed either directly on a Proxmox VE node or onto a separate machine.

Example config for PVE exporter running on PVE node:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'pve'
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 192.168.1.2:9221  # Proxmox VE node with PVE exporter.
        - 192.168.1.3:9221  # Proxmox VE node with PVE exporter.
    metrics_path: /pve
    params:
      module: [default]
      cluster: ['1']
      node: ['1']

Example config for PVE exporter running on Prometheus host:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'pve'
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 192.168.1.2  # Proxmox VE node.
        - 192.168.1.3  # Proxmox VE node.
    metrics_path: /pve
    params:
      module: [default]
      cluster: ['1']
      node: ['1']
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9221  # PVE exporter.

Note on alerting:

You can do VM tag based alerting, by using joins on pve_guest_info metric. For example, alerting only when VM with critical tag is down:

(pve_guest_info{tags=~".*critical.*"} * on(id) group_left(name) pve_up{}) == 0

Note on scraping large clusters:

It is adviced to setup separate jobs to collect cluster metrics and node metrics in larger deployments. Scraping any node in a cluster with the url params set to cluster=1&node=0 results in the same set of metrics. Hence cluster metrics can be scraped efficiently from a single node or from a subset of cluster nodes (e.g., a different node selected on every scrape via round-robin DNS).

Node metrics can only be scraped from a given node. In order to compile a complete set of node metrics it is necessary to scrape every node in a cluster with url params set to cluster=0&node=1.

Grafana Dashboards

• Proxmox via Prometheus by Pietro Saccardi