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David Rowley d40d827219 Robustify find_base_rel and find_base_rel_ignore_join
Improve find_base_rel() and find_base_rel_ignore_join() so that they
raise an ERROR if they ever receive a negative relid value in
non-cassert builds.  If either of these functions had ever received a
negative relid then they'd have attempted to access memory that does not
belong to simple_rel_array.

Because no evidence has been presented of actual cases where bugs have
caused this to happen, here we take a lightweight approach to checking
for negative values and simply cast both values to uint32 before
performing the comparison.  This will cause any negative relids to be
seen as greater than simple_rel_array_size which will ERROR rather than
attempt to access a negative simple_rel_array element.  Obviously, the
run-time error is better than a crash, so it makes sense to protect
against this, especially when it can be done without adding any
additional run-time overhead.

There is a slight change here if the functions are ever called with a
relid of 0.  This will pass the bounds check, but that array entry
should be NULL (along with the corresponding simple_rte_array entry), so
won't pass the "if (rel)" condition and still fall through and raise an
ERROR.

Author: Ranier Vilela
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat, David Rowley
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEudQArQSghBu2gLojg4o_tnHj_x2HcS%3D%2BwewL3NJS8z0VnK%2Bg%40mail.gmail.com
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PostgreSQL Database Management System
=====================================

This directory contains the source code distribution of the PostgreSQL
database management system.

PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system
that supports an extended subset of the SQL standard, including
transactions, foreign keys, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types
and functions.  This distribution also contains C language bindings.

PostgreSQL has many language interfaces, many of which are listed here:

	https://www.postgresql.org/download/

See the file INSTALL for instructions on how to build and install
PostgreSQL.  That file also lists supported operating systems and
hardware platforms and contains information regarding any other
software packages that are required to build or run the PostgreSQL
system.  Copyright and license information can be found in the
file COPYRIGHT.  A comprehensive documentation set is included in this
distribution; it can be read as described in the installation
instructions.

The latest version of this software may be obtained at
https://www.postgresql.org/download/.  For more information look at our
web site located at https://www.postgresql.org/.
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