ci: Generate crashlogs on Windows

This configures cdb.exe to log all crashes to
"<workspace>\crashlogs\crashlog-<pid-in-hex>.txt" (as it was previously set up
for cirrus-ci based CI). The upload logs step already collects these logs.

The logic is copied from the generation of Postgres CI Windows images for
cirrus-ci [1].  Since this would be too long to include inline in pg-ci.yml,
it is implemented as 'src/tools/ci/gha_setup_windows_debugger.ps1' script.

[1] https://github.com/anarazel/pg-vm-images/blob/main/scripts/windows_install_dbg.ps1

Author: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ1BgsXSTzOpehnMa4NzWL8Aivsxx-di7-VT6bZ3j2Omow%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/iggjozfshwbqpv33x5jqwtju5k5zrkyu3257dlifxkhtpg7eoq@k2ccyrdi5dtu
Backpatch-through: 19, where GHA CI was added

.github/workflows/pg-ci.yml

@@ -990,6 +990,11 @@ jobs:
         shell: cmd
         run: mkdir ${{env.PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR}}
 
+      - &windows_setup_debugger_step
+        name: Setup Windows debugger
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: src/tools/ci/gha_setup_windows_debugger.ps1
+
       - name: Configure
         run: |
           call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
@@ -1019,9 +1024,6 @@ jobs:
             call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
         run: *meson_test_world_cmd
 
-      # TODO: We need to collect crashlogs but for them to be generated, we'd
-      # have to configure the JIT Debugger to do so. cdb.exe is installed on
-      # the runner so that is possible.
       - *upload_logs_step
 
 
@@ -1116,6 +1118,8 @@ jobs:
         shell: cmd
         run: mkdir ${{env.PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR}}
 
+      - *windows_setup_debugger_step
+
       - *ccache_restore_default_step
       - *ccache_restore_branch_step
 
@@ -1138,9 +1142,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test world
         run: *meson_test_world_cmd
 
-      # TODO: We want to include crashlogs, but they are not yet
-      # collected. cdb.exe is installed on the runner, so we can configure it
-      # appropriately.
       - *upload_logs_step
 
 

src/tools/ci/gha_setup_windows_debugger.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Setup Windows debugger to log all crashes to
+# <workspace>\crashlogs\crashlog-<pid-in-hex>.txt
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$crashdir = "$env:GITHUB_WORKSPACE/crashlogs"
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $crashdir
+
+# Ensure restricted child processes can write the log file
+icacls $crashdir /grant "${env:USERNAME}:(OI)(CI)F" /Q
+
+# Prevent windows error handling dialog from causing hangs
+New-ItemProperty -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting' `
+    -Name 'DontShowUI' -Value 1 -PropertyType DWord
+New-ItemProperty -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting' `
+    -Name 'Disabled' -Value 1 -PropertyType DWord
+
+### Fallback minidumps if the JIT debugger below doesn't run
+New-Item -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting' `
+    -Name 'LocalDumps'
+New-ItemProperty -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting\LocalDumps' `
+    -Name 'DumpFolder' -Value $crashdir -PropertyType ExpandString
+New-ItemProperty -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting\LocalDumps' `
+    -Name 'DumpCount' -Value 5 -PropertyType DWord
+New-ItemProperty -Force -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting\LocalDumps' `
+    -Name 'DumpType'  -Value 1 -PropertyType DWord
+###
+
+$cdb64 = @(
+    'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Debuggers\x64\cdb.exe',
+    'C:\Program Files\Windows Kits\10\Debuggers\x64\cdb.exe'
+    ) | Where-Object { Test-Path $_ } | Select-Object -First 1
+$cdb86 = $cdb64.Replace('\x64\', '\x86\')
+
+###
+# -p PID:
+#   Specifies the decimal process ID to be debugged. This is used to debug a
+#   process that is already running.
+# -e Event:
+#   Signals the debugger that the specified event has occurred. This option is
+#   only used when starting the debugger programmatically.
+# -g:
+#   Ignores the initial breakpoint in target application. This option will
+#   cause the target application to continue running after it is started or
+#   CDB attaches to it, unless another breakpoint has been set.
+# -kqm:
+#   Starts CDB/NTSD in quiet mode.
+# -c "command":
+#   Specifies the initial debugger command to run at start-up. This command
+#   must be surrounded with quotation marks. Multiple commands can be
+#   separated with semicolons.
+###
+$debuggerArgs = ' -p %ld -e %ld -g -kqm -c ".lines -e; .symfix+ ; aS /x proc $tpid ; .block {.logappend ' + "$crashdir/crashlog-" + '${proc}.txt} ; lsa $ip ; ~*kP ; !peb ; .logclose ; q "'
+
+Write-Host "Using cdb (x64): $cdb64"
+Set-ItemProperty `
+    -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' `
+    -Name 'Debugger' -Value ('"' + $cdb64 + '"' + $debuggerArgs)
+New-ItemProperty -Force -PropertyType DWord -Value 1 `
+    -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' `
+    -Name 'Auto'
+
+Write-Host "Using cdb (x86): $cdb86"
+Set-ItemProperty `
+    -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' `
+    -Name 'Debugger' -Value ('"' + $cdb86 + '"' + $debuggerArgs)
+New-ItemProperty -Force -PropertyType DWord -Value 1 `
+    -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' `
+    -Name 'Auto'
+
+# Show registered AeDebug values for diagnostics
+Get-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' |
+    Format-List Debugger,Auto
+Get-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AeDebug' |
+    Format-List Debugger,Auto