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If you execute `tests/lock_test.py` or `tox -e integration` on a fairly recent machine, you will get the following error during tests executing against a live Nginx instance: ``` no "ssl_certificate" is defined in server listening on SSL port while SSL handshaking, client: x.x.x.x, server: y:y:y:y:z ``` Indeed, having no defined ssl certificate for a ssl port would inevitably lead to an error during the handshake SSL process between a client and this mis-configured nginx instance. However it was not a problem one year before, because the handshake was not occurring in practice: the test just need to have a nginx started, and then immediately proceed to modify the configuration with a correct SSL setup. And nginx was able to start with a mis-configuration on SSL. But then this fix has been done: https://trac.nginx.org/nginx/ticket/178 Basically with this, validation of the configuration is done during nginx startup, that will refuse to start with invalid configuration on SSL. Consequently, all related tests are failing with a sufficiently up-to-date nginx. For now, it is not seen on Travis because Ubuntu Trusty is used, with an old Nginx. The PR fixes that, by generating on the fly self-signed certificates in the two impacted tests, and pushing the right parameters in the Nginx configuration. * Fix nginx configuration with self-signed certificates generated on the fly * Fix lint/mypy * Fix old cryptography * Unattended openssl * Update lock_test.py
Certbot is part of EFF’s effort to encrypt the entire Internet. Secure communication over the Web relies on HTTPS, which requires the use of a digital certificate that lets browsers verify the identity of web servers (e.g., is that really google.com?). Web servers obtain their certificates from trusted third parties called certificate authorities (CAs). Certbot is an easy-to-use client that fetches a certificate from Let’s Encrypt—an open certificate authority launched by the EFF, Mozilla, and others—and deploys it to a web server.
Anyone who has gone through the trouble of setting up a secure website knows what a hassle getting and maintaining a certificate is. Certbot and Let’s Encrypt can automate away the pain and let you turn on and manage HTTPS with simple commands. Using Certbot and Let's Encrypt is free, so there’s no need to arrange payment.
How you use Certbot depends on the configuration of your web server. The best way to get started is to use our interactive guide. It generates instructions based on your configuration settings. In most cases, you’ll need root or administrator access to your web server to run Certbot.
Certbot is meant to be run directly on your web server, not on your personal computer. If you’re using a hosted service and don’t have direct access to your web server, you might not be able to use Certbot. Check with your hosting provider for documentation about uploading certificates or using certificates issued by Let’s Encrypt.
Certbot is a fully-featured, extensible client for the Let's Encrypt CA (or any other CA that speaks the ACME protocol) that can automate the tasks of obtaining certificates and configuring webservers to use them. This client runs on Unix-based operating systems.
To see the changes made to Certbot between versions please refer to our changelog.
Until May 2016, Certbot was named simply letsencrypt or
letsencrypt-auto, depending on install method. Instructions
on the Internet, and some pieces of the software, may still refer to
this older name.
Contributing
If you'd like to contribute to this project please read Developer Guide.
Installation
The easiest way to install Certbot is by visiting certbot.eff.org, where you can find the correct installation instructions for many web server and OS combinations. For more information, see Get Certbot.
How to run the client
In many cases, you can just run certbot-auto or
certbot, and the client will guide you through the process
of obtaining and installing certs interactively.
For full command line help, you can type:
./certbot-auto --help allYou can also tell it exactly what you want it to do from the command
line. For instance, if you want to obtain a cert for
example.com, www.example.com, and
other.example.net, using the Apache plugin to both obtain
and install the certs, you could do this:
./certbot-auto --apache -d example.com -d www.example.com -d other.example.net(The first time you run the command, it will make an account, and ask
for an email and agreement to the Let's Encrypt Subscriber Agreement;
you can automate those with --email and
--agree-tos)
If you want to use a webserver that doesn't have full plugin support yet, you can still use "standalone" or "webroot" plugins to obtain a certificate:
./certbot-auto certonly --standalone --email admin@example.com -d example.com -d www.example.com -d other.example.netUnderstanding the client in more depth
To understand what the client is doing in detail, it's important to understand the way it uses plugins. Please see the explanation of plugins in the User Guide.
Links
Documentation: https://certbot.eff.org/docs
Software project: https://github.com/certbot/certbot
Notes for developers: https://certbot.eff.org/docs/contributing.html
Main Website: https://certbot.eff.org
Let's Encrypt Website: https://letsencrypt.org
Community: https://community.letsencrypt.org
ACME spec: http://ietf-wg-acme.github.io/acme/
ACME working area in github: https://github.com/ietf-wg-acme/acme
System Requirements
See https://certbot.eff.org/docs/install.html#system-requirements.
Current Features
- Supports multiple web servers:
- apache/2.x
- nginx/0.8.48+
- webroot (adds files to webroot directories in order to prove control of domains and obtain certs)
- standalone (runs its own simple webserver to prove you control a domain)
- other server software via third party plugins
- The private key is generated locally on your system.
- Can talk to the Let's Encrypt CA or optionally to other ACME compliant services.
- Can get domain-validated (DV) certificates.
- Can revoke certificates.
- Adjustable RSA key bit-length (2048 (default), 4096, ...).
- Can optionally install a http -> https redirect, so your site effectively runs https only (Apache only)
- Fully automated.
- Configuration changes are logged and can be reverted.
- Supports an interactive text UI, or can be driven entirely from the command line.
- Free and Open Source Software, made with Python.
For extensive documentation on using and contributing to Certbot, go to https://certbot.eff.org/docs. If you would like to contribute to the project or run the latest code from git, you should read our developer guide.