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863 lines
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863 lines
44 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>mod_include - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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||
<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
|
||
<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
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||
<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
|
||
<body>
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||
<div id="page-header">
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||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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||
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
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||
<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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||
<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div id="path">
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||
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_include</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_include.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../ja/mod/mod_include.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Server-parsed html documents (Server Side Includes)</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>include_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>mod_include.c</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Implemented as an output filter since Apache
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2.0</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module provides a filter which will process files
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before they are sent to the client. The processing is
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controlled by specially formatted SGML comments, referred to as
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<dfn>elements</dfn>. These elements allow conditional text, the
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inclusion of other files or programs, as well as the setting and
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printing of environment variables.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssienableaccess">SSIEnableAccess</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssiendtag">SSIEndTag</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssierrormsg">SSIErrorMsg</a></li>
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||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssistarttag">SSIStartTag</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssitimeformat">SSITimeFormat</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ssiundefinedecho">SSIUndefinedEcho</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#xbithack">XBitHack</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enabling">Enabling Server-Side Includes</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#pathinfo">PATH_INFO with Server Side Includes</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#elements">Basic Elements</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#includevars">Include Variables</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#substitution">Variable Substitution</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#flowctrl">Flow Control Elements</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#acceptpathinfo">AcceptPathInfo</a></code></li>
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||
<li><a href="../filter.html">Filters</a></li>
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<li><a href="../howto/ssi.html">SSI Tutorial</a></li>
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||
</ul></div>
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||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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||
<div class="section">
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||
<h2><a name="enabling" id="enabling">Enabling Server-Side Includes</a></h2>
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||
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||
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<p>Server Side Includes are implemented by the
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<code>INCLUDES</code> <a href="../filter.html">filter</a>. If
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documents containing server-side include directives are given
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the extension .shtml, the following directives will make Apache
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||
parse them and assign the resulting document the mime type of
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<code>text/html</code>:</p>
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||
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||
<div class="example"><p><code>
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AddType text/html .shtml<br />
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AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
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</code></p></div>
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<p>The following directive must be given for the directories
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containing the shtml files (typically in a
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> section,
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but this directive is also valid in <code>.htaccess</code> files if
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> <code>Options</code>
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||
is set):</p>
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||
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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Options +Includes
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</code></p></div>
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<p>For backwards compatibility, the <code>server-parsed</code>
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<a href="../handler.html">handler</a> also activates the
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INCLUDES filter. As well, Apache will activate the INCLUDES
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filter for any document with mime type
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<code>text/x-server-parsed-html</code> or
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<code>text/x-server-parsed-html3</code> (and the resulting
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output will have the mime type <code>text/html</code>).</p>
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<p>For more information, see our <a href="../howto/ssi.html">Tutorial on Server Side Includes</a>.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="pathinfo" id="pathinfo">PATH_INFO with Server Side Includes</a></h2>
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<p>Files processed for server-side includes no longer accept
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requests with <code>PATH_INFO</code> (trailing pathname information)
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by default. You can use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#acceptpathinfo">AcceptPathInfo</a></code> directive to
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configure the server to accept requests with <code>PATH_INFO</code>.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="elements" id="elements">Basic Elements</a></h2>
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<p>The document is parsed as an HTML document, with special
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commands embedded as SGML comments. A command has the syntax: </p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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<!--#<var>element</var> <var>attribute</var>=<var>value</var>
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<var>attribute</var>=<var>value</var> ... -->
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</code></p></div>
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<p>The value will often be enclosed in double quotes, but single
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quotes (<code>'</code>) and backticks (<code>`</code>) are also
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possible. Many commands only allow a single attribute-value pair.
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Note that the comment terminator (<code>--></code>) should be
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||
preceded by whitespace to ensure that it isn't considered part of
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an SSI token. Note that the leading <code><!--#</code> is <em>one</em>
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token and may not contain any whitespaces.</p>
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<p>The allowed elements are listed in the following table:</p>
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<table class="bordered">
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<tr><th>Element</th><th>Description</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.config">config</a></code></td>
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<td>configure output formats</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.echo">echo</a></code></td>
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||
<td>print variables</td></tr>
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||
<tr><td><code><a href="#element.exec">exec</a></code></td>
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<td>execute external programs</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.fsize">fsize</a></code></td>
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<td>print size of a file</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.flastmod">flastmod</a></code></td>
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<td>print last modification time of a file</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.include">include</a></code></td>
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<td>include a file</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.printenv">printenv</a></code></td>
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<td>print all available variables</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code><a href="#element.set">set</a></code></td>
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<td>set a value of a variable</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>SSI elements may be defined by modules other than
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>. In fact, the <code><a href="#element.exec">exec</a></code> element is provided by
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>, and will only be available if this
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module is loaded.</p>
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<h3><a name="element.config" id="element.config">The config Element</a></h3>
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||
<p>This command controls various aspects of the parsing. The
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valid attributes are:</p>
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<dl>
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||
<dt><code>echomsg</code> (<em>Apache 2.1 and later</em>)</dt>
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||
<dd>The value is a message that is sent back to the
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||
client if the <code><a href="#element.echo">echo</a></code> element
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attempts to echo an undefined variable. This overrides any <code class="directive"><a href="#ssiundefinedecho">SSIUndefinedEcho</a></code> directives.</dd>
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<dt><code>errmsg</code></dt>
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||
<dd>The value is a message that is sent back to the
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||
client if an error occurs while parsing the
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document. This overrides any <code class="directive"><a href="#ssierrormsg">SSIErrorMsg</a></code> directives.</dd>
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||
<dt><code>sizefmt</code></dt>
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||
<dd>The value sets the format to be used which displaying
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||
the size of a file. Valid values are <code>bytes</code>
|
||
for a count in bytes, or <code>abbrev</code> for a count
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||
in Kb or Mb as appropriate, for example a size of 1024 bytes
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||
will be printed as "1K".</dd>
|
||
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||
<dt><code>timefmt</code></dt>
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||
<dd>The value is a string to be used by the
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||
<code>strftime(3)</code> library routine when printing
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||
dates.</dd>
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||
</dl>
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||
|
||
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||
<h3><a name="element.echo" id="element.echo">The echo Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This command prints one of the <a href="#includevars">include
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||
variables</a>, defined below. If the variable is unset, the result is
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||
determined by the <code class="directive"><a href="#ssiundefinedecho">SSIUndefinedEcho</a></code> directive. Any dates printed are
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||
subject to the currently configured <code>timefmt</code>.</p>
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||
<p>Attributes:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>var</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The value is the name of the variable to print.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>encoding</code></dt>
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||
<dd><p>Specifies how Apache should encode special characters
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||
contained in the variable before outputting them. If set
|
||
to <code>none</code>, no encoding will be done. If set to
|
||
<code>url</code>, then URL encoding (also known as %-encoding;
|
||
this is appropriate for use within URLs in links, etc.) will be
|
||
performed. At the start of an <code>echo</code> element,
|
||
the default is set to <code>entity</code>, resulting in entity
|
||
encoding (which is appropriate in the context of a block-level
|
||
HTML element, <em>e.g.</em> a paragraph of text). This can be
|
||
changed by adding an <code>encoding</code> attribute, which will
|
||
remain in effect until the next <code>encoding</code> attribute
|
||
is encountered or the element ends, whichever comes first.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code>encoding</code> attribute must <em>precede</em> the
|
||
corresponding <code>var</code> attribute to be effective, and
|
||
only special characters as defined in the ISO-8859-1 character
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||
encoding will be encoded. This encoding process may not have the
|
||
desired result if a different character encoding is in use.</p>
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|
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<div class="warning">
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In order to avoid cross-site scripting issues, you should
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||
<em>always</em> encode user supplied data.
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||
</div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
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|
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<h3><a name="element.exec" id="element.exec">The exec Element</a></h3>
|
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<p>The <code>exec</code> command executes a given shell command or
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CGI script. It requires <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code> to be present
|
||
in the server. If <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>
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||
<code>IncludesNOEXEC</code> is set, this command is completely
|
||
disabled. The valid attributes are:</p>
|
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|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>cgi</code></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>The value specifies a (%-encoded) URL-path to
|
||
the CGI script. If the path does not begin with a slash (/),
|
||
then it is taken to be relative to the current
|
||
document. The document referenced by this path is
|
||
invoked as a CGI script, even if the server would not
|
||
normally recognize it as such. However, the directory
|
||
containing the script must be enabled for CGI scripts
|
||
(with <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code>
|
||
or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>
|
||
<code>ExecCGI</code>).</p>
|
||
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||
<p>The CGI script is given the <code>PATH_INFO</code> and query
|
||
string (<code>QUERY_STRING</code>) of the original request from the
|
||
client; these <em>cannot</em> be specified in the URL path. The
|
||
include variables will be available to the script in addition to
|
||
the standard <a href="mod_cgi.html">CGI</a> environment.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
<!--#exec cgi="/cgi-bin/example.cgi" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
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||
<p>If the script returns a <code>Location:</code> header instead of
|
||
output, then this will be translated into an HTML anchor.</p>
|
||
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||
<p>The <code><a href="#includevirtual">include virtual</a></code>
|
||
element should be used in preference to <code>exec cgi</code>. In
|
||
particular, if you need to pass additional arguments to a CGI program,
|
||
using the query string, this cannot be done with <code>exec
|
||
cgi</code>, but can be done with <code>include virtual</code>, as
|
||
shown here:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#include virtual="/cgi-bin/example.cgi?argument=value" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>cmd</code></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>The server will execute the given string using
|
||
<code>/bin/sh</code>. The <a href="#includevars">include variables</a> are available to the command, in addition
|
||
to the usual set of CGI variables.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The use of <code><a href="#includevirtual">#include virtual</a></code> is almost always prefered to using
|
||
either <code>#exec cgi</code> or <code>#exec cmd</code>. The former
|
||
(<code>#include virtual</code>) uses the standard Apache sub-request
|
||
mechanism to include files or scripts. It is much better tested and
|
||
maintained.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>In addition, on some platforms, like Win32, and on unix when
|
||
using <a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>, you cannot pass arguments
|
||
to a command in an <code>exec</code> directive, or otherwise include
|
||
spaces in the command. Thus, while the following will work under a
|
||
non-suexec configuration on unix, it will not produce the desired
|
||
result under Win32, or when running suexec:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#exec cmd="perl /path/to/perlscript arg1 arg2" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3><a name="element.fsize" id="element.fsize">The fsize Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This command prints the size of the specified file, subject
|
||
to the <code>sizefmt</code> format specification. Attributes:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>file</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The value is a path relative to the directory
|
||
containing the current document being parsed.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>virtual</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The value is a (%-encoded) URL-path. If it does not begin with
|
||
a slash (/) then it is taken to be relative to the current document.
|
||
Note, that this does <em>not</em> print the size of any CGI output,
|
||
but the size of the CGI script itself.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3><a name="element.flastmod" id="element.flastmod">The flastmod Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This command prints the last modification date of the
|
||
specified file, subject to the <code>timefmt</code> format
|
||
specification. The attributes are the same as for the
|
||
<code><a href="#element.fsize">fsize</a></code> command.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3><a name="element.include" id="element.include">The include Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This command inserts the text of another document or file
|
||
into the parsed file. Any included file is subject to the usual
|
||
access control. If the directory containing the parsed file has
|
||
<a href="core.html#options">Options</a>
|
||
<code>IncludesNOEXEC</code> set, then only documents with a text
|
||
<a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#mime-type" title="see glossary">MIME-type</a> (<code>text/plain</code>,
|
||
<code>text/html</code> etc.) will be included. Otherwise CGI
|
||
scripts are invoked as normal using the complete URL given in
|
||
the command, including any query string.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>An attribute defines the location of the document; the
|
||
inclusion is done for each attribute given to the include
|
||
command. The valid attributes are:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>file</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The value is a path relative to the directory
|
||
containing the current document being parsed. It cannot
|
||
contain <code>../</code>, nor can it be an absolute path.
|
||
Therefore, you cannot include files that are outside of the
|
||
document root, or above the current document in the directory
|
||
structure. The <code>virtual</code> attribute should always be
|
||
used in preference to this one.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><a id="includevirtual" name="includevirtual">virtual</a></code></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>The value is a (%-encoded) URL-path. The URL cannot contain a
|
||
scheme or hostname, only a path and an optional query string. If it
|
||
does not begin with a slash (/) then it is taken to be relative to the
|
||
current document.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>A URL is constructed from the attribute, and the output the
|
||
server would return if the URL were accessed by the client is
|
||
included in the parsed output. Thus included files can be nested.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>If the specified URL is a CGI program, the program will be
|
||
executed and its output inserted in place of the directive in the
|
||
parsed file. You may include a query string in a CGI url:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#include virtual="/cgi-bin/example.cgi?argument=value" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p><code>include virtual</code> should be used in preference
|
||
to <code>exec cgi</code> to include the output of CGI programs
|
||
into an HTML document.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#keptbodysize">KeptBodySize</a></code>
|
||
directive is correctly configured and valid for this included
|
||
file, attempts to POST requests to the enclosing HTML document
|
||
will be passed through to subrequests as POST requests as well.
|
||
Without the directive, all subrequests are processed as GET
|
||
requests.</p>
|
||
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3><a name="element.printenv" id="element.printenv">The printenv Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This prints out a listing of all existing variables and
|
||
their values. Special characters are entity encoded (see the <code><a href="#element.echo">echo</a></code> element for details)
|
||
before being output. There are no attributes.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
<!--#printenv -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3><a name="element.set" id="element.set">The set Element</a></h3>
|
||
<p>This sets the value of a variable. Attributes:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>var</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The name of the variable to set.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>value</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The value to give a variable.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
<!--#set var="category" value="help" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="section">
|
||
<h2><a name="includevars" id="includevars">Include Variables</a></h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>In addition to the variables in the standard CGI environment,
|
||
these are available for the <code>echo</code> command, for
|
||
<code>if</code> and <code>elif</code>, and to any program
|
||
invoked by the document.</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>DATE_GMT</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The current date in Greenwich Mean Time.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>DATE_LOCAL</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The current date in the local time zone.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>DOCUMENT_NAME</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The filename (excluding directories) of the document
|
||
requested by the user.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>DOCUMENT_URI</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The (%-decoded) URL path of the document requested by the
|
||
user. Note that in the case of nested include files, this is
|
||
<em>not</em> the URL for the current document.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>LAST_MODIFIED</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>The last modification date of the document requested by
|
||
the user.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>QUERY_STRING_UNESCAPED</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>If a query string is present, this variable contains the
|
||
(%-decoded) query string, which is <em>escaped</em> for shell
|
||
usage (special characters like <code>&</code> etc. are
|
||
preceded by backslashes).</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="section">
|
||
<h2><a name="substitution" id="substitution">Variable Substitution</a></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p>Variable substitution is done within quoted strings in most
|
||
cases where they may reasonably occur as an argument to an SSI
|
||
directive. This includes the <code>config</code>,
|
||
<code>exec</code>, <code>flastmod</code>, <code>fsize</code>,
|
||
<code>include</code>, <code>echo</code>, and <code>set</code>
|
||
directives, as well as the arguments to conditional operators.
|
||
You can insert a literal dollar sign into the string using backslash
|
||
quoting:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr="$a = \$test" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>If a variable reference needs to be substituted in the
|
||
middle of a character sequence that might otherwise be
|
||
considered a valid identifier in its own right, it can be
|
||
disambiguated by enclosing the reference in braces,
|
||
<em>a la</em> shell substitution:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#set var="Zed" value="${REMOTE_HOST}_${REQUEST_METHOD}" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>This will result in the <code>Zed</code> variable being set
|
||
to "<code>X_Y</code>" if <code>REMOTE_HOST</code> is
|
||
"<code>X</code>" and <code>REQUEST_METHOD</code> is
|
||
"<code>Y</code>".</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The below example will print "in foo" if the
|
||
<code>DOCUMENT_URI</code> is <code>/foo/file.html</code>, "in bar"
|
||
if it is <code>/bar/file.html</code> and "in neither" otherwise:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr='"$DOCUMENT_URI" = "/foo/file.html"' --><br />
|
||
<span class="indent">
|
||
in foo<br />
|
||
</span>
|
||
<!--#elif expr='"$DOCUMENT_URI" = "/bar/file.html"' --><br />
|
||
<span class="indent">
|
||
in bar<br />
|
||
</span>
|
||
<!--#else --><br />
|
||
<span class="indent">
|
||
in neither<br />
|
||
</span>
|
||
<!--#endif -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="section">
|
||
<h2><a name="flowctrl" id="flowctrl">Flow Control Elements</a></h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p>The basic flow control elements are:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr="<var>test_condition</var>" --><br />
|
||
<!--#elif expr="<var>test_condition</var>" --><br />
|
||
<!--#else --><br />
|
||
<!--#endif -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code>if</code> element works like an if statement in a
|
||
programming language. The test condition is evaluated and if
|
||
the result is true, then the text until the next <code>elif</code>,
|
||
<code>else</code> or <code>endif</code> element is included in the
|
||
output stream.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code>elif</code> or <code>else</code> statements are be used
|
||
to put text into the output stream if the original
|
||
<var>test_condition</var> was false. These elements are optional.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code>endif</code> element ends the <code>if</code> element
|
||
and is required.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><var>test_condition</var> is one of the following:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code><var>string</var></code></dt>
|
||
<dd>true if <var>string</var> is not empty</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><var>-A string</var></code></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>true if the URL represented by the string is accessible by
|
||
configuration, false otherwise. This test only has an effect if
|
||
<code class="directive">SSIEnableAccess</code> is on. This is useful
|
||
where content on a page is to be hidden from users who are not
|
||
authorized to view the URL, such as a link to that URL. Note
|
||
that the URL is only tested for whether access would be granted,
|
||
not whether the URL exists.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr="-A /private" --><br />
|
||
<span class="indent">
|
||
Click <a href="/private">here</a> to access private
|
||
information.<br />
|
||
</span>
|
||
<!--#endif -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><var>string1</var> = <var>string2</var><br />
|
||
<var>string1</var> == <var>string2</var><br />
|
||
<var>string1</var> != <var>string2</var></code></dt>
|
||
|
||
<dd><p>Compare <var>string1</var> with <var>string2</var>. If
|
||
<var>string2</var> has the form <code>/<var>string2</var>/</code>
|
||
then it is treated as a regular expression. Regular expressions are
|
||
implemented by the <a href="http://www.pcre.org">PCRE</a> engine and
|
||
have the same syntax as those in <a href="http://www.perl.com">perl
|
||
5</a>. Note that <code>==</code> is just an alias for <code>=</code>
|
||
and behaves exactly the same way.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>If you are matching positive (<code>=</code> or <code>==</code>), you
|
||
can capture grouped parts of the regular expression. The captured parts
|
||
are stored in the special variables <code>$1</code> ..
|
||
<code>$9</code>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr="$QUERY_STRING = /^sid=([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/" --><br />
|
||
<span class="indent">
|
||
<!--#set var="session" value="$1" --><br />
|
||
</span>
|
||
<!--#endif -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><var>string1</var> < <var>string2</var><br />
|
||
<var>string1</var> <= <var>string2</var><br />
|
||
<var>string1</var> > <var>string2</var><br />
|
||
<var>string1</var> >= <var>string2</var></code></dt>
|
||
|
||
<dd>Compare <var>string1</var> with <var>string2</var>. Note, that
|
||
strings are compared <em>literally</em> (using
|
||
<code>strcmp(3)</code>). Therefore the string "100" is less than
|
||
"20".</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>( <var>test_condition</var> )</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>true if <var>test_condition</var> is true</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>! <var>test_condition</var></code></dt>
|
||
<dd>true if <var>test_condition</var> is false</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><var>test_condition1</var> &&
|
||
<var>test_condition2</var></code></dt>
|
||
<dd>true if both <var>test_condition1</var> and
|
||
<var>test_condition2</var> are true</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code><var>test_condition1</var> ||
|
||
<var>test_condition2</var></code></dt>
|
||
<dd>true if either <var>test_condition1</var> or
|
||
<var>test_condition2</var> is true</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<p>"<code>=</code>" and "<code>!=</code>" bind more tightly than
|
||
"<code>&&</code>" and "<code>||</code>". "<code>!</code>" binds
|
||
most tightly. Thus, the following are equivalent:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
||
<!--#if expr="$a = test1 && $b = test2" --><br />
|
||
<!--#if expr="($a = test1) && ($b = test2)" -->
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>The boolean operators <code>&&</code> and <code>||</code>
|
||
share the same priority. So if you want to bind such an operator more
|
||
tightly, you should use parentheses.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Anything that's not recognized as a variable or an operator
|
||
is treated as a string. Strings can also be quoted:
|
||
<code>'string'</code>. Unquoted strings can't contain whitespace
|
||
(blanks and tabs) because it is used to separate tokens such as
|
||
variables. If multiple strings are found in a row, they are
|
||
concatenated using blanks. So,</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><p><code><var>string1</var> <var>string2</var></code> results in <code><var>string1</var> <var>string2</var></code><br />
|
||
<br />
|
||
and<br />
|
||
<br />
|
||
<code>'<var>string1</var> <var>string2</var>'</code> results in <code><var>string1</var> <var>string2</var></code>.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="note"><h3>Optimization of Boolean Expressions</h3>
|
||
<p>If the expressions become more complex and slow down processing
|
||
significantly, you can try to optimize them according to the
|
||
evaluation rules:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Expressions are evaluated from left to right</li>
|
||
<li>Binary boolean operators (<code>&&</code> and <code>||</code>)
|
||
are short circuited wherever possible. In conclusion with the rule
|
||
above that means, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code> evaluates at first
|
||
the left expression. If the left result is sufficient to determine
|
||
the end result, processing stops here. Otherwise it evaluates the
|
||
right side and computes the end result from both left and right
|
||
results.</li>
|
||
<li>Short circuit evaluation is turned off as long as there are regular
|
||
expressions to deal with. These must be evaluated to fill in the
|
||
backreference variables (<code>$1</code> .. <code>$9</code>).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>If you want to look how a particular expression is handled, you can
|
||
recompile <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code> using the
|
||
<code>-DDEBUG_INCLUDE</code> compiler option. This inserts for every
|
||
parsed expression tokenizer information, the parse tree and how it is
|
||
evaluated into the output sent to the client.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSIEnableAccess" id="SSIEnableAccess">SSIEnableAccess</a> <a name="ssienableaccess" id="ssienableaccess">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enable the -A flag during conditional flow control processing.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSIEnableAccess on|off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSIEnableAccess off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">SSIEnableAccess</code> directive controls whether
|
||
the -A test is enabled during conditional flow control processing.
|
||
<code class="directive">SSIEnableAccess</code> can take on the following values:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>off</code></dt>
|
||
<dd><!--#if expr="-A /foo"--> will be interpreted as a series
|
||
of string and regular expression tokens, the -A has no special
|
||
meaning.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>on</code></dt>
|
||
<dd><!--#if expr="-A /foo"--> will evaluate to false if the
|
||
URL /foo is inaccessible by configuration, or true otherwise.</dd>
|
||
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSIEndTag" id="SSIEndTag">SSIEndTag</a> <a name="ssiendtag" id="ssiendtag">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>String that ends an include element</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSIEndTag <var>tag</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSIEndTag "-->"</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This directive changes the string that <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>
|
||
looks for to mark the end of an include element.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
SSIEndTag "%>"
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h3>See also</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#ssistarttag">SSIStartTag</a></code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSIErrorMsg" id="SSIErrorMsg">SSIErrorMsg</a> <a name="ssierrormsg" id="ssierrormsg">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Error message displayed when there is an SSI
|
||
error</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSIErrorMsg <var>message</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSIErrorMsg "[an error occurred while processing this
|
||
directive]"</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>All</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">SSIErrorMsg</code> directive changes the error
|
||
message displayed when <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code> encounters an
|
||
error. For production servers you may consider changing the default
|
||
error message to <code>"<!-- Error -->"</code> so that
|
||
the message is not presented to the user.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>This directive has the same effect as the <code><!--#config
|
||
errmsg=<var>message</var> --></code> element.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
SSIErrorMsg "<!-- Error -->"
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSIStartTag" id="SSIStartTag">SSIStartTag</a> <a name="ssistarttag" id="ssistarttag">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>String that starts an include element</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSIStartTag <var>tag</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSIStartTag "<!--#"</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This directive changes the string that <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>
|
||
looks for to mark an include element to process.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>You may want to use this option if you have 2 servers parsing the
|
||
output of a file each processing different commands (possibly at
|
||
different times).</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
SSIStartTag "<%"<br />
|
||
SSIEndTag "%>"
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>The example given above, which also specifies a matching
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="#ssiendtag">SSIEndTag</a></code>, will
|
||
allow you to use SSI directives as shown in the example
|
||
below:</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>SSI directives with alternate start and end tags</h3><p><code>
|
||
<%printenv %>
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3>See also</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#ssiendtag">SSIEndTag</a></code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSITimeFormat" id="SSITimeFormat">SSITimeFormat</a> <a name="ssitimeformat" id="ssitimeformat">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Configures the format in which date strings are
|
||
displayed</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSITimeFormat <var>formatstring</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSITimeFormat "%A, %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S %Z"</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>All</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This directive changes the format in which date strings are displayed
|
||
when echoing <code>DATE</code> environment variables. The
|
||
<var>formatstring</var> is as in <code>strftime(3)</code> from the
|
||
C standard library.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>This directive has the same effect as the <code><!--#config
|
||
timefmt=<var>formatstring</var> --></code> element.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
SSITimeFormat "%R, %B %d, %Y"
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
<p>The above directive would cause times to be displayed in the
|
||
format "22:26, June 14, 2002".</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SSIUndefinedEcho" id="SSIUndefinedEcho">SSIUndefinedEcho</a> <a name="ssiundefinedecho" id="ssiundefinedecho">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>String displayed when an unset variable is echoed</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SSIUndefinedEcho <var>string</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SSIUndefinedEcho "(none)"</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>All</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.34 and later.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This directive changes the string that <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>
|
||
displays when a variable is not set and "echoed".</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
||
SSIUndefinedEcho "<!-- undef -->"
|
||
</code></p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="XBitHack" id="XBitHack">XBitHack</a> <a name="xbithack" id="xbithack">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Parse SSI directives in files with the execute bit
|
||
set</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>XBitHack on|off|full</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>XBitHack off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Options</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_include</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">XBitHack</code> directive controls the parsing
|
||
of ordinary html documents. This directive only affects files associated
|
||
with the <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#mime-type" title="see glossary">MIME-type</a> <code>text/html</code>. <code class="directive">XBitHack</code> can take on the following values:</p>
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt><code>off</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>No special treatment of executable files.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>on</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>Any <code>text/html</code> file that has the user-execute bit
|
||
set will be treated as a server-parsed html document.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>full</code></dt>
|
||
<dd>As for <code>on</code> but also test the group-execute bit.
|
||
If it is set, then set the <code>Last-modified</code> date of the
|
||
returned file to be the last modified time of the file. If
|
||
it is not set, then no last-modified date is sent. Setting
|
||
this bit allows clients and proxies to cache the result of
|
||
the request.
|
||
|
||
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
||
<p>You would not want to use the full option, unless you assure the
|
||
group-execute bit is unset for every SSI script which might <code>#include</code> a CGI or otherwise produces different output on
|
||
each hit (or could potentially change on subsequent requests).</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottomlang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_include.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
||
<a href="../ja/mod/mod_include.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
|
||
</div><div id="footer">
|
||
<p class="apache">Copyright 2007 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
|
||
</body></html> |