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372 lines
23 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>mod_ldap - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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||
<body>
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||
<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.1</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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||
<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.1</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_ldap</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_ldap.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>LDAP connection pooling and result caching services for use
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by other LDAP modules</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>ldap_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>util_ldap.c</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.41 and later</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module was created to improve the performance of
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websites relying on backend connections to LDAP servers. In
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addition to the functions provided by the standard LDAP
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libraries, this module adds an LDAP connection pool and an LDAP
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shared memory cache.</p>
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<p>To enable this module, LDAP support must be compiled into
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apr-util. This is achieved by adding the <code>--with-ldap</code>
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flag to the <code>./configure</code> script when building
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Apache.</p>
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<p>SSL support requires that <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> be linked
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with one of the following LDAP SDKs: <a href="http://www.openldap.org/">
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OpenLDAP SDK</a> (both 1.x and 2.x), <a href="http://developer.novell.com/ndk/cldap.htm">
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Novell LDAP SDK</a> or the <a href="http://www.iplanet.com/downloads/developer/">
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iPlanet(Netscape)</a> SDK.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapcacheentries">LDAPCacheEntries</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapcachettl">LDAPCacheTTL</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapopcacheentries">LDAPOpCacheEntries</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapopcachettl">LDAPOpCacheTTL</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapsharedcachefile">LDAPSharedCacheFile</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldapsharedcachesize">LDAPSharedCacheSize</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldaptrustedca">LDAPTrustedCA</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ldaptrustedcatype">LDAPTrustedCAType</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#exampleconfig">Example Configuration</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#pool">LDAP Connection Pool</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cache">LDAP Cache</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#usingssltls">Using SSL</a></li>
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||
</ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="exampleconfig" id="exampleconfig">Example Configuration</a></h2>
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<p>The following is an example configuration that uses
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> to increase the performance of HTTP Basic
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authentication provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_ldap.html">mod_auth_ldap</a></code>.</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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# Enable the LDAP connection pool and shared<br />
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# memory cache. Enable the LDAP cache status<br />
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# handler. Requires that mod_ldap and mod_auth_ldap<br />
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# be loaded. Change the "yourdomain.example.com" to<br />
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# match your domain.<br />
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<br />
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LDAPSharedCacheSize 200000<br />
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LDAPCacheEntries 1024<br />
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||
LDAPCacheTTL 600<br />
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LDAPOpCacheEntries 1024<br />
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LDAPOpCacheTTL 600<br />
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<br />
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<Location /ldap-status><br />
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<span class="indent">
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SetHandler ldap-status<br />
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Order deny,allow<br />
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Deny from all<br />
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Allow from yourdomain.example.com<br />
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AuthLDAPEnabled on<br />
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AuthLDAPURL ldap://127.0.0.1/dc=example,dc=com?uid?one<br />
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AuthLDAPAuthoritative on<br />
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require valid-user<br />
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</span>
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</Location>
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</code></p></div>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="pool" id="pool">LDAP Connection Pool</a></h2>
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<p>LDAP connections are pooled from request to request. This
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allows the LDAP server to remain connected and bound ready for
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the next request, without the need to unbind/connect/rebind.
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The performance advantages are similar to the effect of HTTP
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keepalives.</p>
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<p>On a busy server it is possible that many requests will try
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and access the same LDAP server connection simultaneously.
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Where an LDAP connection is in use, Apache will create a new
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connection alongside the original one. This ensures that the
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connection pool does not become a bottleneck.</p>
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<p>There is no need to manually enable connection pooling in
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the Apache configuration. Any module using this module for
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access to LDAP services will share the connection pool.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="cache" id="cache">LDAP Cache</a></h2>
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<p>For improved performance, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> uses an aggressive
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caching strategy to minimize the number of times that the LDAP
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server must be contacted. Caching can easily double or triple
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the throughput of Apache when it is serving pages protected
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with mod_auth_ldap. In addition, the load on the LDAP server
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will be significantly decreased.</p>
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<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> supports two types of LDAP caching during
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the search/bind phase with a <em>search/bind cache</em> and
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during the compare phase with two <em>operation
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caches</em>. Each LDAP URL that is used by the server has
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its own set of these three caches.</p>
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<h3><a name="search-bind" id="search-bind">The Search/Bind Cache</a></h3>
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<p>The process of doing a search and then a bind is the
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most time-consuming aspect of LDAP operation, especially if
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the directory is large. The search/bind cache is used to
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cache all searches that resulted in successful binds.
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Negative results (<em>i.e.</em>, unsuccessful searches, or searches
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that did not result in a successful bind) are not cached.
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The rationale behind this decision is that connections with
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invalid credentials are only a tiny percentage of the total
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number of connections, so by not caching invalid
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credentials, the size of the cache is reduced.</p>
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<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> stores the username, the DN
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retrieved, the password used to bind, and the time of the bind
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in the cache. Whenever a new connection is initiated with the
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same username, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> compares the password
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of the new connection with the password in the cache. If the
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passwords match, and if the cached entry is not too old,
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> bypasses the search/bind phase.</p>
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<p>The search and bind cache is controlled with the <code class="directive"><a href="#ldapcacheentries">LDAPCacheEntries</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#ldapcachettl">LDAPCacheTTL</a></code> directives.</p>
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<h3><a name="opcaches" id="opcaches">Operation Caches</a></h3>
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<p>During attribute and distinguished name comparison
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functions, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> uses two operation caches
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to cache the compare operations. The first compare cache is
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used to cache the results of compares done to test for LDAP
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group membership. The second compare cache is used to cache
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the results of comparisons done between distinguished
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names.</p>
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<p>The behavior of both of these caches is controlled with
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the <code class="directive"><a href="#ldapopcacheentries">LDAPOpCacheEntries</a></code>
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and <code class="directive"><a href="#ldapopcachettl">LDAPOpCacheTTL</a></code>
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||
directives.</p>
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<h3><a name="monitoring" id="monitoring">Monitoring the Cache</a></h3>
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<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> has a content handler that allows
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||
administrators to monitor the cache performance. The name of
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the content handler is <code>ldap-status</code>, so the
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||
following directives could be used to access the
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> cache information:</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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<Location /server/cache-info><br />
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<span class="indent">
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SetHandler ldap-status<br />
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</span>
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</Location>
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</code></p></div>
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<p>By fetching the URL <code>http://servername/cache-info</code>,
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the administrator can get a status report of every cache that is used
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by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> cache. Note that if Apache does not
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support shared memory, then each <code>httpd</code> instance has its
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own cache, so reloading the URL will result in different
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information each time, depending on which <code>httpd</code>
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instance processes the request.</p>
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||
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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||
<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="usingssltls" id="usingssltls">Using SSL</a></h2>
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<p>The ability to create an SSL connections to an LDAP server
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is defined by the directives <code class="directive"><a href="# ldaptrustedca">
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LDAPTrustedCA</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="# ldaptrustedcatype">
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LDAPTrustedCAType</a></code>. These directives specify the certificate
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file or database and the certificate type. Whenever the LDAP url
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||
includes <em>ldaps://</em>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> will establish
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a secure connection to the LDAP server.</p>
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||
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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||
# Establish an SSL LDAP connection. Requires that <br />
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# mod_ldap and mod_auth_ldap be loaded. Change the <br />
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||
# "yourdomain.example.com" to match your domain.<br />
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||
<br />
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LDAPTrustedCA /certs/certfile.der<br />
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||
LDAPTrustedCAType DER_FILE<br />
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||
<br />
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||
<Location /ldap-status><br />
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||
<span class="indent">
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||
SetHandler ldap-status<br />
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Order deny,allow<br />
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Deny from all<br />
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Allow from yourdomain.example.com<br />
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AuthLDAPEnabled on<br />
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AuthLDAPURL ldaps://127.0.0.1/dc=example,dc=com?uid?one<br />
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AuthLDAPAuthoritative on<br />
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require valid-user<br />
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</span>
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||
</Location>
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||
</code></p></div>
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<p>If <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> is linked against the
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Netscape/iPlanet LDAP SDK, it will not talk to any SSL server
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unless that server has a certificate signed by a known Certificate
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||
Authority. As part of the configuration
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> needs to be told where it can find
|
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a database containing the known CAs. This database is in the same
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||
format as Netscape Communicator's <code>cert7.db</code>
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database. The easiest way to get this file is to start up a fresh
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copy of Netscape, and grab the resulting
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<code>$HOME/.netscape/cert7.db</code> file.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPCacheEntries" id="LDAPCacheEntries">LDAPCacheEntries</a> <a name="ldapcacheentries" id="ldapcacheentries">Directive</a></h2>
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||
<table class="directive">
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum number of entries in the primary LDAP cache</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPCacheEntries <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LDAPCacheEntries 1024</code></td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
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||
</table>
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||
<p>Specifies the maximum size of the primary LDAP cache. This
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||
cache contains successful search/binds. Set it to 0 to turn off
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||
search/bind caching. The default size is 1024 cached
|
||
searches.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
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||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPCacheTTL" id="LDAPCacheTTL">LDAPCacheTTL</a> <a name="ldapcachettl" id="ldapcachettl">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Time that cached items remain valid</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPCacheTTL <var>seconds</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LDAPCacheTTL 600</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Specifies the time (in seconds) that an item in the
|
||
search/bind cache remains valid. The default is 600 seconds (10
|
||
minutes).</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPOpCacheEntries" id="LDAPOpCacheEntries">LDAPOpCacheEntries</a> <a name="ldapopcacheentries" id="ldapopcacheentries">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of entries used to cache LDAP compare
|
||
operations</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPOpCacheEntries <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LDAPOpCacheEntries 1024</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This specifies the number of entries <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code>
|
||
will use to cache LDAP compare operations. The default is 1024
|
||
entries. Setting it to 0 disables operation caching.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPOpCacheTTL" id="LDAPOpCacheTTL">LDAPOpCacheTTL</a> <a name="ldapopcachettl" id="ldapopcachettl">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Time that entries in the operation cache remain
|
||
valid</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPOpCacheTTL <var>seconds</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LDAPOpCacheTTL 600</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Specifies the time (in seconds) that entries in the
|
||
operation cache remain valid. The default is 600 seconds.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPSharedCacheFile" id="LDAPSharedCacheFile">LDAPSharedCacheFile</a> <a name="ldapsharedcachefile" id="ldapsharedcachefile">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the shared memory chache file</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPSharedCacheFile <var>directory-path/filename</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Specifies the directory path and file name of the shared memory
|
||
cache file. If not set, shared memory caching will not be used.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPSharedCacheSize" id="LDAPSharedCacheSize">LDAPSharedCacheSize</a> <a name="ldapsharedcachesize" id="ldapsharedcachesize">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Size in bytes of the shared-memory cache</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPSharedCacheSize <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LDAPSharedCacheSize 102400</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Specifies the number of bytes to allocate for the shared
|
||
memory cache. The default is 100kb. If set to 0, shared memory
|
||
caching will not be used.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPTrustedCA" id="LDAPTrustedCA">LDAPTrustedCA</a> <a name="ldaptrustedca" id="ldaptrustedca">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the file containing the trusted Certificate Authority certificate or database</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPTrustedCA <var>directory-path/filename</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>It specifies the directory path and file name of the trusted CA
|
||
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code> should use when establishing an SSL
|
||
connection to an LDAP server. If using the Netscape/iPlanet Directory
|
||
SDK, the file name should be <code>cert7.db</code>.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LDAPTrustedCAType" id="LDAPTrustedCAType">LDAPTrustedCAType</a> <a name="ldaptrustedcatype" id="ldaptrustedcatype">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specifies the type of the Certificate Authority file</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LDAPTrustedCAType <var>type</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_ldap</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The following types are supported:<br />
|
||
DER_FILE - file in binary DER format<br />
|
||
BASE64_FILE - file in Base64 format<br />
|
||
CERT7_DB_PATH - Netscape certificate database file ")</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottomlang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_ldap.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
|
||
</div><div id="footer">
|
||
<p class="apache">Copyright 1999-2004 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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