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<title>mod_remoteip - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_remoteip</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../fr/mod/mod_remoteip.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Replaces the apparent client remote IP address for the request
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with the IP address list presented by a proxies or a load balancer via the
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request headers.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>remoteip_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip.c</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module is used to treat the remote host which initiated the
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request as the originating remote host as identified by httpd for the
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purposes of authorization and logging, even where that remote host is
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behind a load balancer, front end server, or proxy server.</p>
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<p>The module overrides the apparent remote (client) IP for
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the request with the IP address reported in the request header
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configured with the <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive.</p>
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<p>Once replaced as instructed, this apparent IP address is then used
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for the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#require ip"><Require ip></a></code> feature,
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is reported by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>, and is recorded by
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <code>%a</code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/core.html">core</a></code>
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<code>%a</code> format strings. The original remote IP of the connection is
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available in the <code>%{c}a</code> format string.</p>
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<div class="warning">It is critical to only enable this behavior from
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intermediate hosts (proxies, etc) which are trusted by this server, since
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it is trivial for the remote client to impersonate another client.</div>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipinternalproxylist">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipproxiesheader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxylist">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#processing">Remote IP Processing</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li>
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</ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="processing" id="processing">Remote IP Processing</a></h2>
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<p>Apache identifies the client with the connection's remote_ip value,
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and the connection remote_host and remote_logname are derived from this
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value. These fields play a role in authentication, authorization and
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logging and other purposes by other loadable modules.</p>
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<p>mod_remoteip replaces the true remote_ip with the advertised remote_ip as
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provided by a proxy, for every evaluation of the client that occurs in the
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server.</p>
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<p>When multiple, comma delimited remote IP addresses are listed in the
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header value, they are processed in Right-to-Left order. Processing
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halts when a given remote IP address is not trusted to present the
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preceding IP address. The header field is updated to this remaining
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list of unconfirmed IP addresses, or if all IP addresses were trusted,
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this header is removed from the request altogether.</p>
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<p>In replacing the remote_ip, the module stores the list of intermediate
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hosts in a remoteip-proxy-ip-list note, which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code>
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can record using the <code>%{remoteip-proxy-ip-list}n</code> format token.
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If the administrator needs to store this as an additional header, this
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same value can also be recording as a header using the directive
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code>.</p>
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<div class="note"><h3>IPv4-over-IPv6 Mapped Addresses</h3>
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As with httpd in general, any IPv4-over-IPv6 mapped addresses are recorded
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in their IPv4 representation.</div>
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<div class="note"><h3>Internal (Private) Addresses</h3>
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All internal addresses 10/8, 172.16/12, 192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8
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blocks (and IPv6 addresses outside of the public 2000::/3 block) are only
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evaluated by mod_remoteip when <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code>
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internal (intranet) proxies are registered.</div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPHeader" id="RemoteIPHeader">RemoteIPHeader</a> <a name="remoteipheader" id="remoteipheader">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which should be parsed for client IP addresses</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPHeader <var>header-field</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive triggers
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> to treat the value of the specified
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<var>header-field</var> header as the client IP address, or list
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of intermediate client IP addresses, subject to further configuration
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of the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> and
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directives. Unless these
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other directives are used, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will trust all
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hosts presenting a <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> IP value.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP
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</code></p></div>
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<div class="example"><h3>Proxy Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPInternalProxy" id="RemoteIPInternalProxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a> <a name="remoteipinternalproxy" id="remoteipinternalproxy">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPInternalProxy <var>proxy-ip</var>|<var>proxy-ip/subnet</var>|<var>hostname</var> ...</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive adds one
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or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
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RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive, any IP address
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presented in this header, including private intranet addresses, are
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trusted when passed from these proxies.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.0/24<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxy gateway.localdomain
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPInternalProxyList" id="RemoteIPInternalProxyList">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</a> <a name="remoteipinternalproxylist" id="remoteipinternalproxylist">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPInternalProxyList <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</code> directive specifies
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a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
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to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
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<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
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each whitespace or newline separated entry is processed identically to
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the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
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</code></p></div>
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<div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
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# Our internally trusted proxies;<br />
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10.0.2.0/24 #Everyone in the testing group<br />
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gateway.localdomain #The front end balancer
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPProxiesHeader" id="RemoteIPProxiesHeader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a> <a name="remoteipproxiesheader" id="remoteipproxiesheader">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which will record all intermediate IP addresses</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPProxiesHeader <var>HeaderFieldName</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code> directive specifies
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a header into which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will collect a list of
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all of the intermediate client IP addresses trusted to resolve the actual
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remote IP. Note that intermediate <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code>
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addresses are recorded in this header, while any intermediate
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> addresses are discarded.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
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RemoteIPProxiesHeader X-Forwarded-By
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxy" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxy" id="remoteiptrustedproxy">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxy <var>proxy-ip</var>|<var>proxy-ip/subnet</var>|<var>hostname</var> ...</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive adds one
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or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
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RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive, any intranet
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or private IP address reported by such proxies, including the 10/8, 172.16/12,
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192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8 blocks (or outside of the IPv6 public
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2000::/3 block) are not trusted as the remote IP, and are left in the
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<code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> header's value.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
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RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.16/28<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxy proxy.example.com
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxylist" id="remoteiptrustedproxylist">Directive</a></h2>
|
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<table class="directive">
|
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
|
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxyList <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</code> directive specifies
|
||
a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
|
||
to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
|
||
|
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<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
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each whitespace or newline seperated entry is processed identically to
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the <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
|
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RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
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RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
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</code></p></div>
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<div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
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# Identified external proxies;<br />
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192.0.2.16/28 #wap phone group of proxies<br />
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proxy.isp.example.com #some well known ISP
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</code></p></div>
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||
</div>
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="bottomlang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
||
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_remoteip.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
|
||
</div><div id="footer">
|
||
<p class="apache">Copyright 2011 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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</body></html> |