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359 lines
20 KiB
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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<!--
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>mod_vhost_alias - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_vhost_alias</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../tr/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T<>rk<72>e"> tr </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for dynamically configured mass virtual
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hosting</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>vhost_alias_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias.c</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module creates dynamically configured virtual hosts, by
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allowing the IP address and/or the <code>Host:</code> header of
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the HTTP request to be used as part of the pathname to
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determine what files to serve. This allows for easy use of a
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huge number of virtual hosts with similar configurations.</p>
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<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
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<p>If <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code> or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code> are
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used for translating URIs to filenames, they will override the
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directives of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code> described below. For
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example, the following configuration will map <code>
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/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> to <code>
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/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> in all cases:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ScriptAlias "/cgi-bin/" "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/"
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VirtualScriptAlias "/never/found/%0/cgi-bin/"</pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#interpol">Directory Name Interpolation</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
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</ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li>
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<li><a href="../vhosts/mass.html">Dynamically configured mass
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virtual hosting</a></li>
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</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="interpol" id="interpol">Directory Name Interpolation</a></h2>
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<p>All the directives in this module interpolate a string into
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a pathname. The interpolated string (henceforth called the
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"name") may be either the server name (see the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code>
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directive for details on how this is determined) or the IP
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address of the virtual host on the server in dotted-quad
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format. The interpolation is controlled by specifiers inspired
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by <code>printf</code> which have a number of formats:</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td><code>%%</code></td>
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<td>insert a <code>%</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>%p</code></td>
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<td>insert the port number of the virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>%N.M</code></td>
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<td>insert (part of) the name</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p><code>N</code> and <code>M</code> are used to specify
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substrings of the name. <code>N</code> selects from the
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dot-separated components of the name, and <code>M</code>
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selects characters within whatever <code>N</code> has selected.
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<code>M</code> is optional and defaults to zero if it isn't
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present; the dot must be present if and only if <code>M</code>
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is present. The interpretation is as follows:</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td><code>0</code></td>
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<td>the whole name</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>1</code></td>
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<td>the first part</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>2</code></td>
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<td>the second part</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>-1</code></td>
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<td>the last part</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>-2</code></td>
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<td>the penultimate part</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>2+</code></td>
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<td>the second and all subsequent parts</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>-2+</code></td>
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<td>the penultimate and all preceding parts</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>1+</code> and <code>-1+</code></td>
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<td>the same as <code>0</code></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>If <code>N</code> or <code>M</code> is greater than the number
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of parts available a single underscore is interpolated. </p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2>
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<p>For simple name-based virtual hosts you might use the
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following directives in your server configuration file:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%0"</pre>
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<p>A request for
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<code>http://www.example.com/directory/file.html</code> will be
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satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/www.example.com/directory/file.html</code>.
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</p>
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<p>For a very large number of virtual hosts it is a good idea
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to arrange the files to reduce the size of the
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<code>vhosts</code> directory. To do this you might use the
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following in your configuration file:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2"</pre>
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<p>A request for
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<code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/d/o/m/domain/directory/file.html</code>.</p>
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<p>A more even spread of files can be achieved by hashing from the
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end of the name, for example: </p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.-1/%2.-2/%2.-3/%2"</pre>
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<p>The example request would come from
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/n/i/a/domain/directory/file.html</code>.</p>
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<p>Alternatively you might use: </p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2.4+"</pre>
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<p>The example request would come from
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/d/o/m/ain/directory/file.html</code>.</p>
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<p> A very common request by users is the ability to point multiple domains to multiple
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document roots without having to worry about the length or number of parts of the
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hostname being requested. If the requested hostname is <code>sub.www.domain.example.com</code>
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instead of simply <code>www.domain.example.com</code>, then using %3+ will result in the document
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root being <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/domain.example.com/...</code> instead of the
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intended <code>example.com</code> directory. In such cases, it can be beneficial to use
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the combination <code>%-2.0.%-1.0</code>, which will always yield the domain name and the
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tld, for example <code>example.com</code> regardless of the number of subdomains appended
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to the hostname. As such, one can make a configuration that will direct all first, second
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or third level subdomains to the same directory:
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</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%-2.0.%-1.0"</pre>
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<p>
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In the example above, both <code>www.example.com</code> as well as <code>www.sub.example.com</code>
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or <code>example.com</code> will all point to <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com</code>.
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</p>
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<p>For IP-based virtual hosting you might use the following in
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your configuration file:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName DNS
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VirtualDocumentRootIP "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/docs"
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VirtualScriptAliasIP "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/cgi-bin"</pre>
|
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<p>A request for
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<code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code>
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would be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/docs/directory/file.html</code>
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if the IP address of <code>www.domain.example.com</code> were
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10.20.30.40. A request for
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<code>http://www.domain.example.com/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> would
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be satisfied by executing the program
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/cgi-bin/script.pl</code>.</p>
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|
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<p>If you want to include the <code>.</code> character in a
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<code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive, but it clashes with
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a <code>%</code> directive, you can work around the problem in
|
||
the following way:</p>
|
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|
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%2.0.%3.0"</pre>
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|
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<p>A request for
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<code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/domain.example/directory/file.html</code>.</p>
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<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code>
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||
directives <code>%V</code> and <code>%A</code> are useful
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in conjunction with this module.</p>
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualDocumentRoot" id="VirtualDocumentRoot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a> <a name="virtualdocumentroot" id="virtualdocumentroot">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the document root
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for a given virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRoot <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRoot none</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr>
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||
</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive allows you to
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determine where Apache HTTP Server will find your documents based on the
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value of the server name. The result of expanding
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<em>interpolated-directory</em> is used as the root of the
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document tree in a similar manner to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive's argument.
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If <em>interpolated-directory</em> is <code>none</code> then
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<code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> is turned off. This directive
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||
cannot be used in the same context as <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a></code>.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Note</h3>
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||
<code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> will override any <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directives you may have put in the same
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||
context or child contexts. Putting a <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code>
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||
in the global server scope will effectively override <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directives in any virtual hosts defined later
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||
on, unless you set <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> to <code>None</code>
|
||
in each virtual host.
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||
</div>
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||
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||
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualDocumentRootIP" id="VirtualDocumentRootIP">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a> <a name="virtualdocumentrootip" id="virtualdocumentrootip">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the document root
|
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for a given virtual host</td></tr>
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||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRootIP <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr>
|
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRootIP none</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRootIP</code> directive is like the
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></code>
|
||
directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end
|
||
of the connection for directory interpolation instead of the server
|
||
name.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualScriptAlias" id="VirtualScriptAlias">VirtualScriptAlias</a> <a name="virtualscriptalias" id="virtualscriptalias">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the CGI directory for
|
||
a given virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAlias <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAlias none</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">VirtualScriptAlias</code> directive allows you to
|
||
determine where Apache httpd will find CGI scripts in a similar
|
||
manner to <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></code> does for other documents. It matches
|
||
requests for URIs starting <code>/cgi-bin/</code>, much like <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code>
|
||
<code>/cgi-bin/</code> would.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualScriptAliasIP" id="VirtualScriptAliasIP">VirtualScriptAliasIP</a> <a name="virtualscriptaliasip" id="virtualscriptaliasip">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the CGI directory for
|
||
a given virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAliasIP <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAliasIP none</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">VirtualScriptAliasIP</code> directive is like the
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</a></code>
|
||
directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end
|
||
of the connection for directory interpolation instead of the server
|
||
name.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottomlang">
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