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--><title>mod_ssl - Apache HTTP Server</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/manual.css"/></head><body><blockquote><div align="center"><img src="../images/sub.gif" alt="[APACHE DOCUMENTATION]"/><h3>Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</h3></div><h1 align="center">Apache Module mod_ssl</h1><table bgcolor="#cccccc" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td valign="top"><span class="help">Description:</span></td><td>Strong cryptography using the Secure Sockets
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Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></td><td>ssl_module</td></tr></table></td></tr></table><h2>Summary</h2>
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<p>This module provides SSL v2/v3 and TLS v1 support for the Apache
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HTTP Server. It was contributed by Ralf S. Engeschall based on his
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mod_ssl project and originally derived from work by Ben Laurie.</p>
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<p>This module relies on <a href="http://www.openssl.org/">OpenSSL</a>
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to provide the cryptography engine.</p>
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<p>Further details, discussion, and examples are provided in the
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<a href="../ssl/">SSL documentation</a>.</p>
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<h2>Directives</h2><ul><li><a href="#sslcacertificatefile">SSLCACertificateFile</a></li><li><a href="#sslcacertificatepath">SSLCACertificatePath</a></li><li><a href="#sslcarevocationfile">SSLCARevocationFile</a></li><li><a href="#sslcarevocationpath">SSLCARevocationPath</a></li><li><a href="#sslcertificatechainfile">SSLCertificateChainFile</a></li><li><a href="#sslcertificatefile">SSLCertificateFile</a></li><li><a href="#sslcertificatekeyfile">SSLCertificateKeyFile</a></li><li><a href="#sslciphersuite">SSLCipherSuite</a></li><li><a href="#sslengine">SSLEngine</a></li><li><a href="#ssllog">SSLLog</a></li><li><a href="#sslloglevel">SSLLogLevel</a></li><li><a href="#sslmutex">SSLMutex</a></li><li><a href="#ssloptions">SSLOptions</a></li><li><a href="#sslpassphrasedialog">SSLPassPhraseDialog</a></li><li><a href="#sslprotocol">SSLProtocol</a></li><li><a href="#sslrandomseed">SSLRandomSeed</a></li><li><a href="#sslrequire">SSLRequire</a></li><li><a href="#sslrequiressl">SSLRequireSSL</a></li><li><a href="#sslsessioncache">SSLSessionCache</a></li><li><a href="#sslsessioncachetimeout">SSLSessionCacheTimeout</a></li><li><a href="#sslverifyclient">SSLVerifyClient</a></li><li><a href="#sslverifydepth">SSLVerifyDepth</a></li></ul><h2><a name="ToC25">Environment Variables</a></h2>
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<p>This module provides a lot of SSL information as additional environment
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variables to the SSI and CGI namespace. The generated variables are listed in
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the table below. For backward compatibility the information can
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be made available under different names, too. Look in the <a href="../ssl/ssl_compat.html">Compatibility</a> chapter for details on the
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compatibility variables.</p>
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<div align="center">
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<a name="table4"/>
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<table width="600" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="0" summary="">
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<caption align="bottom" id="sf">SSI/CGI Environment Variables</caption>
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<tr><td bgcolor="#cccccc">
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<table width="598" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" summary="">
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<tr><td valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff">
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<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="598" summary="">
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<tr id="H">
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<td><strong>Variable Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong>Value Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong>Description:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>HTTPS</code></td> <td>flag</td> <td>HTTPS is being used.</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_PROTOCOL</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The SSL protocol version (SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1)</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SESSION_ID</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The hex-encoded SSL session id</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CIPHER</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The cipher specification name</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CIPHER_EXPORT</code></td> <td>string</td> <td><code>true</code> if cipher is an export cipher</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CIPHER_USEKEYSIZE</code></td> <td>number</td> <td>Number of cipher bits (actually used)</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CIPHER_ALGKEYSIZE</code></td> <td>number</td> <td>Number of cipher bits (possible)</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_VERSION_INTERFACE</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The mod_ssl program version</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_VERSION_LIBRARY</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The OpenSSL program version</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_M_VERSION</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The version of the client certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_M_SERIAL</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The serial of the client certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_S_DN</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Subject DN in client's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_</code><em>x509</em></td> <td>string</td> <td>Component of client's Subject DN</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_I_DN</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Issuer DN of client's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_</code><em>x509</em></td> <td>string</td> <td>Component of client's Issuer DN</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_V_START</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Validity of client's certificate (start time)</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_V_END</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Validity of client's certificate (end time)</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_A_SIG</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Algorithm used for the signature of client's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_A_KEY</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Algorithm used for the public key of client's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_CERT</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>PEM-encoded client certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_CERT_CHAIN</code><em>n</em></td> <td>string</td> <td>PEM-encoded certificates in client certificate chain</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY</code></td> <td>string</td> <td><code>NONE</code>, <code>SUCCESS</code>, <code>GENEROUS</code> or <code>FAILED:</code><em>reason</em></td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_M_VERSION</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The version of the server certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_M_SERIAL</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>The serial of the server certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_S_DN</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Subject DN in server's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_S_DN_</code><em>x509</em></td> <td>string</td> <td>Component of server's Subject DN</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_I_DN</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Issuer DN of server's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_I_DN_</code><em>x509</em></td> <td>string</td> <td>Component of server's Issuer DN</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_V_START</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Validity of server's certificate (start time)</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_V_END</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Validity of server's certificate (end time)</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_A_SIG</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Algorithm used for the signature of server's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="H"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_A_KEY</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>Algorithm used for the public key of server's certificate</td></tr>
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<tr id="D"><td><code>SSL_SERVER_CERT</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>PEM-encoded server certificate</td></tr>
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</table>
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[ where <em>x509</em> is a component of a X.509 DN:
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<code>C,ST,L,O,OU,CN,T,I,G,S,D,UID,Email</code> ]
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</td>
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</tr></table>
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</td></tr></table>
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</div>
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<h2><a name="ToC26">Custom Log Formats</a></h2>
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<p>When <code><a href="mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> is built into Apache or at least
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loaded (under DSO situation) additional functions exist for the <a href="../mod_log_config.html#formats">Custom Log Format</a> of
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<code><a href="mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code>. First there is an
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additional ``<code>%{</code><em>varname</em><code>}x</code>''
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eXtension format function which can be used to expand any variables
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provided by any module, especially those provided by mod_ssl which can
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you find in the above table.</p>
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<p>
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For backward compatibility there is additionally a special
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``<code>%{</code><em>name</em><code>}c</code>'' cryptography format function
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provided. Information about this function is provided in the <a href="../ssl/ssl_compat.html">Compatibility</a> chapter.</p>
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<p>
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Example:</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><code>
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CustomLog logs/ssl_request_log \
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"%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCACertificateFile">SSLCACertificateFile</a> <a name="sslcacertificatefile">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>File of concatenated PEM-encoded CA Certificates
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for Client Auth</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCACertificateFile <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive sets the <em>all-in-one</em> file where you can assemble the
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Certificates of Certification Authorities (CA) whose <em>clients</em> you deal
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with. These are used for Client Authentication. Such a file is simply the
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concatenation of the various PEM-encoded Certificate files, in order of
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preference. This can be used alternatively and/or additionally to
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<a class="directive" href="#sslcacertificatepath"><code class="directive">SSLCACertificatePath</code></a>.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCACertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/ca-bundle-client.crt
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCACertificatePath">SSLCACertificatePath</a> <a name="sslcacertificatepath">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Directory of PEM-encoded CA Certificates for
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Client Auth</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCACertificatePath <em>directory-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive sets the directory where you keep the Certificates of
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Certification Authorities (CAs) whose clients you deal with. These are used to
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verify the client certificate on Client Authentication.</p>
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<p>
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The files in this directory have to be PEM-encoded and are accessed through
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hash filenames. So usually you can't just place the Certificate files
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there: you also have to create symbolic links named
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<em>hash-value</em><code>.N</code>. And you should always make sure this directory
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contains the appropriate symbolic links. Use the <code>Makefile</code> which
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comes with mod_ssl to accomplish this task.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCACertificatePath /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCARevocationFile">SSLCARevocationFile</a> <a name="sslcarevocationfile">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>File of concatenated PEM-encoded CA CRLs for
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Client Auth</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCARevocationFile <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive sets the <em>all-in-one</em> file where you can
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assemble the Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL) of Certification
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Authorities (CA) whose <em>clients</em> you deal with. These are used
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for Client Authentication. Such a file is simply the concatenation of
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the various PEM-encoded CRL files, in order of preference. This can be
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used alternatively and/or additionally to <a class="directive" href="#sslcarevocationpath"><code class="directive">SSLCARevocationPath</code></a>.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCARevocationFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crl/ca-bundle-client.crl
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCARevocationPath">SSLCARevocationPath</a> <a name="sslcarevocationpath">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Directory of PEM-encoded CA CRLs for
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Client Auth</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCARevocationPath <em>directory-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive sets the directory where you keep the Certificate Revocation
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Lists (CRL) of Certification Authorities (CAs) whose clients you deal with.
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These are used to revoke the client certificate on Client Authentication.</p>
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<p>
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The files in this directory have to be PEM-encoded and are accessed through
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hash filenames. So usually you have not only to place the CRL files there.
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Additionally you have to create symbolic links named
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<em>hash-value</em><code>.rN</code>. And you should always make sure this directory
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contains the appropriate symbolic links. Use the <code>Makefile</code> which
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comes with <code><a href="mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code> to accomplish this task.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCARevocationPath /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crl/
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCertificateChainFile">SSLCertificateChainFile</a> <a name="sslcertificatechainfile">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>File of PEM-encoded Server CA Certificates</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCertificateChainFile <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive sets the optional <em>all-in-one</em> file where you can
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assemble the certificates of Certification Authorities (CA) which form the
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certificate chain of the server certificate. This starts with the issuing CA
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certificate of of the server certificate and can range up to the root CA
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certificate. Such a file is simply the concatenation of the various
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PEM-encoded CA Certificate files, usually in certificate chain order.</p>
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<p>
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This should be used alternatively and/or additionally to <a class="directive" href="#sslcacertificatepath"><code class="directive">SSLCACertificatePath</code></a> for explicitly
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constructing the server certificate chain which is sent to the browser
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in addition to the server certificate. It is especially useful to
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avoid conflicts with CA certificates when using client
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authentication. Because although placing a CA certificate of the
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server certificate chain into <a class="directive" href="#sslcacertificatepath"><code class="directive">SSLCACertificatePath</code></a> has the same effect
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for the certificate chain construction, it has the side-effect that
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client certificates issued by this same CA certificate are also
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accepted on client authentication. That's usually not one expect.</p>
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<p>
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But be careful: Providing the certificate chain works only if you are using a
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<em>single</em> (either RSA <em>or</em> DSA) based server certificate. If you are
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using a coupled RSA+DSA certificate pair, this will work only if actually both
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certificates use the <em>same</em> certificate chain. Else the browsers will be
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confused in this situation.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCertificateChainFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/ca.crt
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCertificateFile">SSLCertificateFile</a> <a name="sslcertificatefile">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Server PEM-encoded X.509 Certificate file</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCertificateFile <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive points to the PEM-encoded Certificate file for the server and
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optionally also to the corresponding RSA or DSA Private Key file for it
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(contained in the same file). If the contained Private Key is encrypted the
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Pass Phrase dialog is forced at startup time. This directive can be used up to
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two times (referencing different filenames) when both a RSA and a DSA based
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server certificate is used in parallel.</p>
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<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
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SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt
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</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
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<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCertificateKeyFile">SSLCertificateKeyFile</a> <a name="sslcertificatekeyfile">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Server PEM-encoded Private Key file</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCertificateKeyFile <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
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<p>
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This directive points to the PEM-encoded Private Key file for the
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server. If the Private Key is not combined with the Certificate in the
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<code class="directive">SSLCertificateFile</code>, use this additional directive to
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point to the file with the stand-alone Private Key. When
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<code class="directive">SSLCertificateFile</code> is used and the file
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contains both the Certificate and the Private Key this directive need
|
|
not be used. But we strongly discourage this practice. Instead we
|
|
recommend you to separate the Certificate and the Private Key. If the
|
|
contained Private Key is encrypted, the Pass Phrase dialog is forced
|
|
at startup time. This directive can be used up to two times
|
|
(referencing different filenames) when both a RSA and a DSA based
|
|
private key is used in parallel.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key/server.key
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLCipherSuite">SSLCipherSuite</a> <a name="sslciphersuite">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Cipher Suite available for negotiation in SSL
|
|
handshake</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLCipherSuite <em>cipher-spec</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>AuthConfig</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This complex directive uses a colon-separated <em>cipher-spec</em> string
|
|
consisting of OpenSSL cipher specifications to configure the Cipher Suite the
|
|
client is permitted to negotiate in the SSL handshake phase. Notice that this
|
|
directive can be used both in per-server and per-directory context. In
|
|
per-server context it applies to the standard SSL handshake when a connection
|
|
is established. In per-directory context it forces a SSL renegotation with the
|
|
reconfigured Cipher Suite after the HTTP request was read but before the HTTP
|
|
response is sent.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
An SSL cipher specification in <em>cipher-spec</em> is composed of 4 major
|
|
attributes plus a few extra minor ones:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><em>Key Exchange Algorithm</em>:<br/>
|
|
RSA or Diffie-Hellman variants.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><em>Authentication Algorithm</em>:<br/>
|
|
RSA, Diffie-Hellman, DSS or none.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><em>Cipher/Encryption Algorithm</em>:<br/>
|
|
DES, Triple-DES, RC4, RC2, IDEA or none.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><em>MAC Digest Algorithm</em>:<br/>
|
|
MD5, SHA or SHA1.
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>An SSL cipher can also be an export cipher and is either a SSLv2 or SSLv3/TLSv1
|
|
cipher (here TLSv1 is equivalent to SSLv3). To specify which ciphers to use,
|
|
one can either specify all the Ciphers, one at a time, or use aliases to
|
|
specify the preference and order for the ciphers (see <a href="#table1">Table
|
|
1</a>).</p>
|
|
|
|
<div align="center">
|
|
<a name="table1"/>
|
|
<table width="600" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<caption align="bottom" id="sf">Table 1: OpenSSL Cipher Specification Tags</caption>
|
|
<tr><td bgcolor="#cccccc">
|
|
<table width="598" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff">
|
|
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="598" summary="">
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><strong>Tag</strong></td> <td><strong>Description</strong></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td colspan="2"><em>Key Exchange Algorithm:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>kRSA</code></td> <td>RSA key exchange</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>kDHr</code></td> <td>Diffie-Hellman key exchange with RSA key</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>kDHd</code></td> <td>Diffie-Hellman key exchange with DSA key</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>kEDH</code></td> <td>Ephemeral (temp.key) Diffie-Hellman key exchange (no cert)</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td colspan="2"><em>Authentication Algorithm:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>aNULL</code></td> <td>No authentication</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>aRSA</code></td> <td>RSA authentication</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>aDSS</code></td> <td>DSS authentication</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>aDH</code></td> <td>Diffie-Hellman authentication</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td colspan="2"><em>Cipher Encoding Algorithm:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>eNULL</code></td> <td>No encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>DES</code></td> <td>DES encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>3DES</code></td> <td>Triple-DES encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>RC4</code></td> <td>RC4 encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>RC2</code></td> <td>RC2 encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>IDEA</code></td> <td>IDEA encoding</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td colspan="2"><em>MAC Digest Algorithm</em>:</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>MD5</code></td> <td>MD5 hash function</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>SHA1</code></td> <td>SHA1 hash function</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>SHA</code></td> <td>SHA hash function</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td colspan="2"><em>Aliases:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>SSLv2</code></td> <td>all SSL version 2.0 ciphers</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>SSLv3</code></td> <td>all SSL version 3.0 ciphers</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>TLSv1</code></td> <td>all TLS version 1.0 ciphers</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP</code></td> <td>all export ciphers</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EXPORT40</code></td> <td>all 40-bit export ciphers only</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXPORT56</code></td> <td>all 56-bit export ciphers only</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>LOW</code></td> <td>all low strength ciphers (no export, single DES)</td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>MEDIUM</code></td> <td>all ciphers with 128 bit encryption</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>HIGH</code></td> <td>all ciphers using Triple-DES</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>RSA</code></td> <td>all ciphers using RSA key exchange</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>DH</code></td> <td>all ciphers using Diffie-Hellman key exchange</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EDH</code></td> <td>all ciphers using Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman key exchange</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>ADH</code></td> <td>all ciphers using Anonymous Diffie-Hellman key exchange</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>DSS</code></td> <td>all ciphers using DSS authentication</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>NULL</code></td> <td>all ciphers using no encryption</td> </tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr></table>
|
|
</td></tr></table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Now where this becomes interesting is that these can be put together
|
|
to specify the order and ciphers you wish to use. To speed this up
|
|
there are also aliases (<code>SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1, EXP, LOW, MEDIUM,
|
|
HIGH</code>) for certain groups of ciphers. These tags can be joined
|
|
together with prefixes to form the <em>cipher-spec</em>. Available
|
|
prefixes are:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>none: add cipher to list</li>
|
|
<li><code>+</code>: add ciphers to list and pull them to current location in list</li>
|
|
<li><code>-</code>: remove cipher from list (can be added later again)</li>
|
|
<li><code>!</code>: kill cipher from list completely (can <strong>not</strong> be added later again)</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>A simpler way to look at all of this is to use the ``<code>openssl ciphers
|
|
-v</code>'' command which provides a nice way to successively create the
|
|
correct <em>cipher-spec</em> string. The default <em>cipher-spec</em> string
|
|
is ``<code>ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP</code>'' which
|
|
means the following: first, remove from consideration any ciphers that do not
|
|
authenticate, i.e. for SSL only the Anonymous Diffie-Hellman ciphers. Next,
|
|
use ciphers using RC4 and RSA. Next include the high, medium and then the low
|
|
security ciphers. Finally <em>pull</em> all SSLv2 and export ciphers to the
|
|
end of the list.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><code>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
$ openssl ciphers -v 'ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP'
|
|
NULL-SHA SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=None Mac=SHA1
|
|
NULL-MD5 SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=None Mac=MD5
|
|
EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA SSLv3 Kx=DH Au=RSA Enc=3DES(168) Mac=SHA1
|
|
... ... ... ... ...
|
|
EXP-RC4-MD5 SSLv3 Kx=RSA(512) Au=RSA Enc=RC4(40) Mac=MD5 export
|
|
EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5 SSLv2 Kx=RSA(512) Au=RSA Enc=RC2(40) Mac=MD5 export
|
|
EXP-RC4-MD5 SSLv2 Kx=RSA(512) Au=RSA Enc=RC4(40) Mac=MD5 export
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<p>The complete list of particular RSA & DH ciphers for SSL is given in <a href="#table2">Table 2</a>.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLCipherSuite RSA:!EXP:!NULL:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:-LOW
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<div align="center">
|
|
<a name="table2"/>
|
|
<table width="600" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<caption align="bottom" id="sf">Table 2: Particular SSL Ciphers</caption>
|
|
<tr><td bgcolor="#cccccc">
|
|
<table width="598" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff">
|
|
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="598" summary="">
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><strong>Cipher-Tag</strong></td> <td><strong>Protocol</strong></td> <td><strong>Key Ex.</strong></td> <td><strong>Auth.</strong></td> <td><strong>Enc.</strong></td> <td><strong>MAC</strong></td> <td><strong>Type</strong></td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td colspan="7"><em>RSA Ciphers:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>DES-CBC3-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>3DES(168)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>DES-CBC3-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>3DES(168)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>IDEA-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>IDEA(128)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>RC4-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(128)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(128)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>IDEA-CBC-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>IDEA(128)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>RC2-CBC-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC2(128)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(128)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>DES(56)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>RC4-64-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(64)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>DES-CBC-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>DES(56)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>DES(40)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC2(40)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP-RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(40)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC2(40)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP-RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv2</td> <td>RSA(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RC4(40)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>NULL-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>None</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>NULL-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>None</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td colspan="7"><em>Diffie-Hellman Ciphers:</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>None</td> <td>3DES(168)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>ADH-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>None</td> <td>DES(56)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>ADH-RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>None</td> <td>RC4(128)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>3DES(168)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>DSS</td> <td>3DES(168)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>DES(56)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH</td> <td>DSS</td> <td>DES(56)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> </td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH(512)</td> <td>RSA</td> <td>DES(40)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH(512)</td> <td>DSS</td> <td>DES(40)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="D"><td><code>EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH(512)</td> <td>None</td> <td>DES(40)</td> <td>SHA1</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
<tr id="H"><td><code>EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5</code></td> <td>SSLv3</td> <td>DH(512)</td> <td>None</td> <td>RC4(40)</td> <td>MD5</td> <td> export</td> </tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr></table>
|
|
</td></tr></table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLEngine">SSLEngine</a> <a name="sslengine">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>SSL Engine Operation Switch</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLEngine on|off</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLEngine off</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive toggles the usage of the SSL/TLS Protocol Engine. This
|
|
is usually used inside a <a class="directive" href="core.html#virtualhost"><code class="directive"><VirtualHost></code></a> section to enable SSL/TLS for a
|
|
particular virtual host. By default the SSL/TLS Protocol Engine is
|
|
disabled for both the main server and all configured virtual hosts.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
<VirtualHost _default_:443><br/>
|
|
SSLEngine on<br/>
|
|
...<br/>
|
|
</VirtualHost>
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLLog">SSLLog</a> <a name="ssllog">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Where to write the dedicated SSL engine logfile</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLLog <em>file-path</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive sets the name of the dedicated SSL protocol engine logfile.
|
|
Error type messages are additionally duplicated to the general Apache error
|
|
log file (directive <code>ErrorLog</code>). Put this somewhere where it cannot
|
|
be used for symlink attacks on a real server (i.e. somewhere where only root
|
|
can write). If the <em>file-path</em> does not begin with a slash
|
|
('<code>/</code>') then it is assumed to be relative to the <em>Server
|
|
Root</em>. If <em>file-path</em> begins with a bar ('<code>|</code>') then the
|
|
following string is assumed to be a path to an executable program to which a
|
|
reliable pipe can be established. The directive should occur only once per
|
|
virtual server config.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLLog /usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_engine_log
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLLogLevel">SSLLogLevel</a> <a name="sslloglevel">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Logging level for the dedicated SSL engine
|
|
logfile</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLLogLevel <em>level</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLLogLevel none</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive sets the verbosity degree of the dedicated SSL protocol engine
|
|
logfile. The <em>level</em> is one of the following (in ascending order where
|
|
higher levels include lower levels):</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>none</code><br/>
|
|
no dedicated SSL logging is done, but messages of level
|
|
``<code>error</code>'' are still written to the general Apache error
|
|
logfile.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>error</code><br/>
|
|
log messages of error type only, i.e. messages which show fatal situations
|
|
(processing is stopped). Those messages are also duplicated to the
|
|
general Apache error logfile.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>warn</code><br/>
|
|
log also warning messages, i.e. messages which show non-fatal problems
|
|
(processing is continued).
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>info</code><br/>
|
|
log also informational messages, i.e. messages which show major
|
|
processing steps.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>trace</code><br/>
|
|
log also trace messages, i.e. messages which show minor processing steps.
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>debug</code><br/>
|
|
log also debugging messages, i.e. messages which show development and
|
|
low-level I/O information.
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLLogLevel warn
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLMutex">SSLMutex</a> <a name="sslmutex">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Semaphore for internal mutual exclusion of
|
|
operations</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLMutex <em>type</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLMutex none</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This configures the SSL engine's semaphore (aka. lock) which is used for mutual
|
|
exclusion of operations which have to be done in a synchronized way between the
|
|
pre-forked Apache server processes. This directive can only be used in the
|
|
global server context because it's only useful to have one global mutex.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The following Mutex <em>types</em> are available:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>none</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the default where no Mutex is used at all. Use it at your own
|
|
risk. But because currently the Mutex is mainly used for synchronizing
|
|
write access to the SSL Session Cache you can live without it as long
|
|
as you accept a sometimes garbled Session Cache. So it's not recommended
|
|
to leave this the default. Instead configure a real Mutex.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>file:/path/to/mutex</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the portable and (under Unix) always provided Mutex variant where
|
|
a physical (lock-)file is used as the Mutex. Always use a local disk
|
|
filesystem for <code>/path/to/mutex</code> and never a file residing on a
|
|
NFS- or AFS-filesystem. Note: Internally, the Process ID (PID) of the
|
|
Apache parent process is automatically appended to
|
|
<code>/path/to/mutex</code> to make it unique, so you don't have to worry
|
|
about conflicts yourself. Notice that this type of mutex is not available
|
|
under the Win32 environment. There you <em>have</em> to use the semaphore
|
|
mutex.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>sem</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the most elegant but also most non-portable Mutex variant where a
|
|
SysV IPC Semaphore (under Unix) and a Windows Mutex (under Win32) is used
|
|
when possible. It is only available when the underlying platform
|
|
supports it.</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLMutex file:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_mutex
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLOptions">SSLOptions</a> <a name="ssloptions">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Configure various SSL engine run-time options</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLOptions [+|-]<em>option</em> ...</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>Options</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive can be used to control various run-time options on a
|
|
per-directory basis. Normally, if multiple <code>SSLOptions</code>
|
|
could apply to a directory, then the most specific one is taken
|
|
completely; the options are not merged. However if <em>all</em> the
|
|
options on the <code>SSLOptions</code> directive are preceded by a
|
|
plus (<code>+</code>) or minus (<code>-</code>) symbol, the options
|
|
are merged. Any options preceded by a <code>+</code> are added to the
|
|
options currently in force, and any options preceded by a
|
|
<code>-</code> are removed from the options currently in force.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The available <em>option</em>s are:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>StdEnvVars</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
When this option is enabled, the standard set of SSL related CGI/SSI
|
|
environment variables are created. This per default is disabled for
|
|
performance reasons, because the information extraction step is a
|
|
rather expensive operation. So one usually enables this option for
|
|
CGI and SSI requests only.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>CompatEnvVars</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
When this option is enabled, additional CGI/SSI environment variables are
|
|
created for backward compatibility to other Apache SSL solutions. Look in
|
|
the <a href="../ssl/ssl_compat.html">Compatibility</a> chapter for details
|
|
on the particular variables generated.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>ExportCertData</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
When this option is enabled, additional CGI/SSI environment variables are
|
|
created: <code>SSL_SERVER_CERT</code>, <code>SSL_CLIENT_CERT</code> and
|
|
<code>SSL_CLIENT_CERT_CHAIN</code><em>n</em> (with <em>n</em> = 0,1,2,..).
|
|
These contain the PEM-encoded X.509 Certificates of server and client for
|
|
the current HTTPS connection and can be used by CGI scripts for deeper
|
|
Certificate checking. Additionally all other certificates of the client
|
|
certificate chain are provided, too. This bloats up the environment a
|
|
little bit which is why you have to use this option to enable it on
|
|
demand.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>FakeBasicAuth</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
When this option is enabled, the Subject Distinguished Name (DN) of the
|
|
Client X509 Certificate is translated into a HTTP Basic Authorization
|
|
username. This means that the standard Apache authentication methods can
|
|
be used for access control. The user name is just the Subject of the
|
|
Client's X509 Certificate (can be determined by running OpenSSL's
|
|
<code>openssl x509</code> command: <code>openssl x509 -noout -subject -in
|
|
</code><em>certificate</em><code>.crt</code>). Note that no password is
|
|
obtained from the user. Every entry in the user file needs this password:
|
|
``<code>xxj31ZMTZzkVA</code>'', which is the DES-encrypted version of the
|
|
word `<code>password</code>''. Those who live under MD5-based encryption
|
|
(for instance under FreeBSD or BSD/OS, etc.) should use the following MD5
|
|
hash of the same word: ``<code>$1$OXLyS...$Owx8s2/m9/gfkcRVXzgoE/</code>''.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>StrictRequire</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This <em>forces</em> forbidden access when <code>SSLRequireSSL</code> or
|
|
<code>SSLRequire</code> successfully decided that access should be
|
|
forbidden. Usually the default is that in the case where a ``<code>Satisfy
|
|
any</code>'' directive is used, and other access restrictions are passed,
|
|
denial of access due to <code>SSLRequireSSL</code> or
|
|
<code>SSLRequire</code> is overridden (because that's how the Apache
|
|
<code>Satisfy</code> mechanism should work.) But for strict access restriction
|
|
you can use <code>SSLRequireSSL</code> and/or <code>SSLRequire</code> in
|
|
combination with an ``<code>SSLOptions +StrictRequire</code>''. Then an
|
|
additional ``<code>Satisfy Any</code>'' has no chance once mod_ssl has
|
|
decided to deny access.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><code>OptRenegotiate</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
|
|
directives are used in per-directory context. By default a strict
|
|
scheme is enabled where <em>every</em> per-directory reconfiguration of
|
|
SSL parameters causes a <em>full</em> SSL renegotiation handshake. When this
|
|
option is used mod_ssl tries to avoid unnecessary handshakes by doing more
|
|
granular (but still safe) parameter checks. Nevertheless these granular
|
|
checks sometimes maybe not what the user expects, so enable this on a
|
|
per-directory basis only, please.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth -StrictRequire<br/>
|
|
<Files ~ "\.(cgi|shtml)$"><br/>
|
|
SSLOptions +StdEnvVars +CompatEnvVars -ExportCertData<br/>
|
|
<Files>
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLPassPhraseDialog">SSLPassPhraseDialog</a> <a name="sslpassphrasedialog">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Type of pass phrase dialog for encrypted private
|
|
keys</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLPassPhraseDialog <em>type</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLPassPhraseDialog builtin</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
When Apache starts up it has to read the various Certificate (see
|
|
<a class="directive" href="#sslcertificatefile"><code class="directive">SSLCertificateFile</code></a>) and
|
|
Private Key (see <a class="directive" href="#sslcertificatekeyfile"><code class="directive">SSLCertificateKeyFile</code></a>) files of the
|
|
SSL-enabled virtual servers. Because for security reasons the Private
|
|
Key files are usually encrypted, mod_ssl needs to query the
|
|
administrator for a Pass Phrase in order to decrypt those files. This
|
|
query can be done in two ways which can be configured by
|
|
<em>type</em>:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>builtin</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the default where an interactive terminal dialog occurs at startup
|
|
time just before Apache detaches from the terminal. Here the administrator
|
|
has to manually enter the Pass Phrase for each encrypted Private Key file.
|
|
Because a lot of SSL-enabled virtual hosts can be configured, the
|
|
following reuse-scheme is used to minimize the dialog: When a Private Key
|
|
file is encrypted, all known Pass Phrases (at the beginning there are
|
|
none, of course) are tried. If one of those known Pass Phrases succeeds no
|
|
dialog pops up for this particular Private Key file. If none succeeded,
|
|
another Pass Phrase is queried on the terminal and remembered for the next
|
|
round (where it perhaps can be reused).</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This scheme allows mod_ssl to be maximally flexible (because for N encrypted
|
|
Private Key files you <em>can</em> use N different Pass Phrases - but then
|
|
you have to enter all of them, of course) while minimizing the terminal
|
|
dialog (i.e. when you use a single Pass Phrase for all N Private Key files
|
|
this Pass Phrase is queried only once).</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code>exec:/path/to/program</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Here an external program is configured which is called at startup for each
|
|
encrypted Private Key file. It is called with two arguments (the first is
|
|
of the form ``<code>servername:portnumber</code>'', the second is either
|
|
``<code>RSA</code>'' or ``<code>DSA</code>''), which indicate for which
|
|
server and algorithm it has to print the corresponding Pass Phrase to
|
|
<code>stdout</code>. The intent is that this external program first runs
|
|
security checks to make sure that the system is not compromised by an
|
|
attacker, and only when these checks were passed successfully it provides
|
|
the Pass Phrase.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Both these security checks, and the way the Pass Phrase is determined, can
|
|
be as complex as you like. Mod_ssl just defines the interface: an
|
|
executable program which provides the Pass Phrase on <code>stdout</code>.
|
|
Nothing more or less! So, if you're really paranoid about security, here
|
|
is your interface. Anything else has to be left as an exercise to the
|
|
administrator, because local security requirements are so different.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The reuse-algorithm above is used here, too. In other words: The external
|
|
program is called only once per unique Pass Phrase.</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Example:</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><code>
|
|
SSLPassPhraseDialog exec:/usr/local/apache/sbin/pp-filter
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLProtocol">SSLProtocol</a> <a name="sslprotocol">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Configure usable SSL protocol flavors</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLProtocol [+|-]<em>protocol</em> ...</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLProtocol all</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>Options</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive can be used to control the SSL protocol flavors mod_ssl should
|
|
use when establishing its server environment. Clients then can only connect
|
|
with one of the provided protocols.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The available (case-insensitive) <em>protocol</em>s are:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>SSLv2</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, version 2.0. It is the
|
|
original SSL protocol as designed by Netscape Corporation.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code>SSLv3</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, version 3.0. It is the
|
|
successor to SSLv2 and the currently (as of February 1999) de-facto
|
|
standardized SSL protocol from Netscape Corporation. It's supported by
|
|
almost all popular browsers.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code>TLSv1</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, version 1.0. It is the
|
|
successor to SSLv3 and currently (as of February 1999) still under
|
|
construction by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It's still
|
|
not supported by any popular browsers.</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code>All</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is a shortcut for ``<code>+SSLv2 +SSLv3 +TLSv1</code>'' and a
|
|
convinient way for enabling all protocols except one when used in
|
|
combination with the minus sign on a protocol as the example above
|
|
shows.</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
# enable SSLv3 and TLSv1, but not SSLv2<br/>
|
|
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLRandomSeed">SSLRandomSeed</a> <a name="sslrandomseed">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG) seeding
|
|
source</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLRandomSeed <em>context</em> <em>source</em>
|
|
[<em>bytes</em>]</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This configures one or more sources for seeding the Pseudo Random Number
|
|
Generator (PRNG) in OpenSSL at startup time (<em>context</em> is
|
|
<code>startup</code>) and/or just before a new SSL connection is established
|
|
(<em>context</em> is <code>connect</code>). This directive can only be used
|
|
in the global server context because the PRNG is a global facility.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The following <em>source</em> variants are available:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>builtin</code>
|
|
<p> This is the always available builtin seeding source. It's usage
|
|
consumes minimum CPU cycles under runtime and hence can be always used
|
|
without drawbacks. The source used for seeding the PRNG contains of the
|
|
current time, the current process id and (when applicable) a randomly
|
|
choosen 1KB extract of the inter-process scoreboard structure of Apache.
|
|
The drawback is that this is not really a strong source and at startup
|
|
time (where the scoreboard is still not available) this source just
|
|
produces a few bytes of entropy. So you should always, at least for the
|
|
startup, use an additional seeding source.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>file:/path/to/source</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This variant uses an external file <code>/path/to/source</code> as the
|
|
source for seeding the PRNG. When <em>bytes</em> is specified, only the
|
|
first <em>bytes</em> number of bytes of the file form the entropy (and
|
|
<em>bytes</em> is given to <code>/path/to/source</code> as the first
|
|
argument). When <em>bytes</em> is not specified the whole file forms the
|
|
entropy (and <code>0</code> is given to <code>/path/to/source</code> as
|
|
the first argument). Use this especially at startup time, for instance
|
|
with an available <code>/dev/random</code> and/or
|
|
<code>/dev/urandom</code> devices (which usually exist on modern Unix
|
|
derivates like FreeBSD and Linux).</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<em>But be careful</em>: Usually <code>/dev/random</code> provides only as
|
|
much entropy data as it actually has, i.e. when you request 512 bytes of
|
|
entropy, but the device currently has only 100 bytes available two things
|
|
can happen: On some platforms you receive only the 100 bytes while on
|
|
other platforms the read blocks until enough bytes are available (which
|
|
can take a long time). Here using an existing <code>/dev/urandom</code> is
|
|
better, because it never blocks and actually gives the amount of requested
|
|
data. The drawback is just that the quality of the received data may not
|
|
be the best.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
On some platforms like FreeBSD one can even control how the entropy is
|
|
actually generated, i.e. by which system interrupts. More details one can
|
|
find under <em>rndcontrol(8)</em> on those platforms. Alternatively, when
|
|
your system lacks such a random device, you can use tool
|
|
like <a href="http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/">EGD</a>
|
|
(Entropy Gathering Daemon) and run it's client program with the
|
|
<code>exec:/path/to/program/</code> variant (see below) or use
|
|
<code>egd:/path/to/egd-socket</code> (see below).</p></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code>exec:/path/to/program</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This variant uses an external executable
|
|
<code>/path/to/program</code> as the source for seeding the
|
|
PRNG. When <em>bytes</em> is specified, only the first
|
|
<em>bytes</em> number of bytes of its <code>stdout</code> contents
|
|
form the entropy. When <em>bytes</em> is not specified, the
|
|
entirety of the data produced on <code>stdout</code> form the
|
|
entropy. Use this only at startup time when you need a very strong
|
|
seeding with the help of an external program (for instance as in
|
|
the example above with the <code>truerand</code> utility you can
|
|
find in the mod_ssl distribution which is based on the AT&T
|
|
<em>truerand</em> library). Using this in the connection context
|
|
slows down the server too dramatically, of course. So usually you
|
|
should avoid using external programs in that context.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>egd:/path/to/egd-socket</code> (Unix only)
|
|
<p>
|
|
This variant uses the Unix domain socket of the
|
|
external Entropy Gathering Daemon (EGD) (see <a href="http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/">http://www.lothar.com/tech
|
|
/crypto/</a>) to seed the PRNG. Use this if no random device exists
|
|
on your platform.</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/random<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 1024<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed startup exec:/usr/local/bin/truerand 16<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/random<br/>
|
|
SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 1024<br/>
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLRequire">SSLRequire</a> <a name="sslrequire">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Allow access only when an arbitrarily complex
|
|
boolean expression is true</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLRequire <em>expression</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>AuthConfig</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive specifies a general access requirement which has to be
|
|
fulfilled in order to allow access. It's a very powerful directive because the
|
|
requirement specification is an arbitrarily complex boolean expression
|
|
containing any number of access checks.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <em>expression</em> must match the following syntax (given as a BNF
|
|
grammar notation):</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
expr ::= "<strong>true</strong>" | "<strong>false</strong>"
|
|
| "<strong>!</strong>" expr
|
|
| expr "<strong>&&</strong>" expr
|
|
| expr "<strong>||</strong>" expr
|
|
| "<strong>(</strong>" expr "<strong>)</strong>"
|
|
| comp
|
|
|
|
comp ::= word "<strong>==</strong>" word | word "<strong>eq</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong>!=</strong>" word | word "<strong>ne</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong><</strong>" word | word "<strong>lt</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong><=</strong>" word | word "<strong>le</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong>></strong>" word | word "<strong>gt</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong>>=</strong>" word | word "<strong>ge</strong>" word
|
|
| word "<strong>in</strong>" "<strong>{</strong>" wordlist "<strong>}</strong>"
|
|
| word "<strong>=~</strong>" regex
|
|
| word "<strong>!~</strong>" regex
|
|
|
|
wordlist ::= word
|
|
| wordlist "<strong>,</strong>" word
|
|
|
|
word ::= digit
|
|
| cstring
|
|
| variable
|
|
| function
|
|
|
|
digit ::= [0-9]+
|
|
cstring ::= "..."
|
|
variable ::= "<strong>%{</strong>" varname "<strong>}</strong>"
|
|
function ::= funcname "<strong>(</strong>" funcargs "<strong>)</strong>"
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<p>while for <code>varname</code> any variable from <a href="#table3">Table 3</a> can be used. Finally for
|
|
<code>funcname</code> the following functions are available:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>file(</code><em>filename</em><code>)</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This function takes one string argument and expands to the contents of the
|
|
file. This is especially useful for matching this contents against a
|
|
regular expression, etc.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>Notice that <em>expression</em> is first parsed into an internal machine
|
|
representation and then evaluated in a second step. Actually, in Global and
|
|
Per-Server Class context <em>expression</em> is parsed at startup time and
|
|
at runtime only the machine representation is executed. For Per-Directory
|
|
context this is different: here <em>expression</em> has to be parsed and
|
|
immediately executed for every request.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)-/ \<br/>
|
|
and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \<br/>
|
|
and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \<br/>
|
|
and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \<br/>
|
|
and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \<br/>
|
|
or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<div align="center">
|
|
<a name="table3"/>
|
|
<table width="600" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<caption align="bottom" id="sf">Table 3: Available Variables for SSLRequire</caption>
|
|
<tr><td bgcolor="#cccccc">
|
|
<table width="598" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="0" summary="">
|
|
<tr><td valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff">
|
|
<table summary=""><tr><td>
|
|
<em>Standard CGI/1.0 and Apache variables:</em>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
HTTP_USER_AGENT PATH_INFO AUTH_TYPE
|
|
HTTP_REFERER QUERY_STRING SERVER_SOFTWARE
|
|
HTTP_COOKIE REMOTE_HOST API_VERSION
|
|
HTTP_FORWARDED REMOTE_IDENT TIME_YEAR
|
|
HTTP_HOST IS_SUBREQ TIME_MON
|
|
HTTP_PROXY_CONNECTION DOCUMENT_ROOT TIME_DAY
|
|
HTTP_ACCEPT SERVER_ADMIN TIME_HOUR
|
|
HTTP:headername SERVER_NAME TIME_MIN
|
|
THE_REQUEST SERVER_PORT TIME_SEC
|
|
REQUEST_METHOD SERVER_PROTOCOL TIME_WDAY
|
|
REQUEST_SCHEME REMOTE_ADDR TIME
|
|
REQUEST_URI REMOTE_USER ENV:<strong>variablename</strong>
|
|
REQUEST_FILENAME
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<em>SSL-related variables:</em>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
HTTPS SSL_CLIENT_M_VERSION SSL_SERVER_M_VERSION
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_M_SERIAL SSL_SERVER_M_SERIAL
|
|
SSL_PROTOCOL SSL_CLIENT_V_START SSL_SERVER_V_START
|
|
SSL_SESSION_ID SSL_CLIENT_V_END SSL_SERVER_V_END
|
|
SSL_CIPHER SSL_CLIENT_S_DN SSL_SERVER_S_DN
|
|
SSL_CIPHER_EXPORT SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_C SSL_SERVER_S_DN_C
|
|
SSL_CIPHER_ALGKEYSIZE SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_ST SSL_SERVER_S_DN_ST
|
|
SSL_CIPHER_USEKEYSIZE SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_L SSL_SERVER_S_DN_L
|
|
SSL_VERSION_LIBRARY SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O SSL_SERVER_S_DN_O
|
|
SSL_VERSION_INTERFACE SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU SSL_SERVER_S_DN_OU
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_CN SSL_SERVER_S_DN_CN
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_T SSL_SERVER_S_DN_T
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_I SSL_SERVER_S_DN_I
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_G SSL_SERVER_S_DN_G
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_S SSL_SERVER_S_DN_S
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_D SSL_SERVER_S_DN_D
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_UID SSL_SERVER_S_DN_UID
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_Email SSL_SERVER_S_DN_Email
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN SSL_SERVER_I_DN
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_C SSL_SERVER_I_DN_C
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_ST SSL_SERVER_I_DN_ST
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_L SSL_SERVER_I_DN_L
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_O SSL_SERVER_I_DN_O
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_OU SSL_SERVER_I_DN_OU
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_CN SSL_SERVER_I_DN_CN
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_T SSL_SERVER_I_DN_T
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_I SSL_SERVER_I_DN_I
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_G SSL_SERVER_I_DN_G
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_S SSL_SERVER_I_DN_S
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_D SSL_SERVER_I_DN_D
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_UID SSL_SERVER_I_DN_UID
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_I_DN_Email SSL_SERVER_I_DN_Email
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_A_SIG SSL_SERVER_A_SIG
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_A_KEY SSL_SERVER_A_KEY
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_CERT SSL_SERVER_CERT
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_CERT_CHAIN<strong>n</strong>
|
|
SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td></tr></table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr></table>
|
|
</td></tr></table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLRequireSSL">SSLRequireSSL</a> <a name="sslrequiressl">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Deny access when SSL is not used for the
|
|
HTTP request</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLRequireSSL</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>AuthConfig</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive forbids access unless HTTP over SSL (i.e. HTTPS) is enabled for
|
|
the current connection. This is very handy inside the SSL-enabled virtual
|
|
host or directories for defending against configuration errors that expose
|
|
stuff that should be protected. When this directive is present all requests
|
|
are denied which are not using SSL.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLRequireSSL
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLSessionCache">SSLSessionCache</a> <a name="sslsessioncache">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Type of the global/inter-process SSL Session
|
|
Cache</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLSessionCache <em>type</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLSessionCache none</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This configures the storage type of the global/inter-process SSL Session
|
|
Cache. This cache is an optional facility which speeds up parallel request
|
|
processing. For requests to the same server process (via HTTP keep-alive),
|
|
OpenSSL already caches the SSL session information locally. But because modern
|
|
clients request inlined images and other data via parallel requests (usually
|
|
up to four parallel requests are common) those requests are served by
|
|
<em>different</em> pre-forked server processes. Here an inter-process cache
|
|
helps to avoid unneccessary session handshakes.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The following two storage <em>type</em>s are currently supported:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code>none</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This is the default and just disables the global/inter-process Session
|
|
Cache. There is no drawback in functionality, but a noticeable speed
|
|
penalty can be observed.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>dbm:/path/to/datafile</code>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This makes use of a DBM hashfile on the local disk to synchronize the
|
|
local OpenSSL memory caches of the server processes. The slight increase
|
|
in I/O on the server results in a visible request speedup for your
|
|
clients, so this type of storage is generally recommended.</p></li>
|
|
<li><code>shm:/path/to/datafile</code>[<code>(</code><em>size</em><code>)</code>]
|
|
<p>
|
|
This makes use of a high-performance hash table (approx. <em>size</em> bytes
|
|
in size) inside a shared memory segment in RAM (established via
|
|
<code>/path/to/datafile</code>) to synchronize the local OpenSSL memory
|
|
caches of the server processes. This storage type is not available on all
|
|
platforms. See the mod_ssl <code>INSTALL</code> document for details on
|
|
how to build Apache+EAPI with shared memory support.</p></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Examples</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLSessionCache dbm:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_gcache_data<br/>
|
|
SSLSessionCache shm:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_gcache_data(512000)
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLSessionCacheTimeout">SSLSessionCacheTimeout</a> <a name="sslsessioncachetimeout">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Number of seconds before an SSL session expires
|
|
in the Session Cache</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLSessionCacheTimeout <em>seconds</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLSessionCacheTimeout 300</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive sets the timeout in seconds for the information stored in the
|
|
global/inter-process SSL Session Cache and the OpenSSL internal memory cache.
|
|
It can be set as low as 15 for testing, but should be set to higher
|
|
values like 300 in real life.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLSessionCacheTimeout 600
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLVerifyClient">SSLVerifyClient</a> <a name="sslverifyclient">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Type of Client Certificate verification</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLVerifyClient <em>level</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLVerifyClient none</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>AuthConfig</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive sets the Certificate verification level for the Client
|
|
Authentication. Notice that this directive can be used both in per-server and
|
|
per-directory context. In per-server context it applies to the client
|
|
authentication process used in the standard SSL handshake when a connection is
|
|
established. In per-directory context it forces a SSL renegotation with the
|
|
reconfigured client verification level after the HTTP request was read but
|
|
before the HTTP response is sent.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The following levels are available for <em>level</em>:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><strong>none</strong>:
|
|
no client Certificate is required at all</li>
|
|
<li><strong>optional</strong>:
|
|
the client <em>may</em> present a valid Certificate</li>
|
|
<li><strong>require</strong>:
|
|
the client <em>has to</em> present a valid Certificate</li>
|
|
<li><strong>optional_no_ca</strong>:
|
|
the client may present a valid Certificate<br/>
|
|
but it need not to be (successfully) verifiable.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>In practice only levels <strong>none</strong> and
|
|
<strong>require</strong> are really interesting, because level
|
|
<strong>optional</strong> doesn't work with all browsers and level
|
|
<strong>optional_no_ca</strong> is actually against the idea of
|
|
authentication (but can be used to establish SSL test pages, etc.)</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLVerifyClient require
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h2><a name="SSLVerifyDepth">SSLVerifyDepth</a> <a name="sslverifydepth">Directive</a></h2><table bgcolor="#cccccc" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1"><tr><td><table bgcolor="#ffffff"><tr><td><strong>Description: </strong></td><td>Maximum depth of CA Certificates in Client
|
|
Certificate verification</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></td><td>SSLVerifyDepth <em>number</em></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></td><td><code>SSLVerifyDepth 1</code></td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></td><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></td><td>AuthConfig</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></td><td>Extension</td></tr><tr><td><a class="help" href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></td><td>mod_ssl</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>
|
|
<p>
|
|
This directive sets how deeply mod_ssl should verify before deciding that the
|
|
clients don't have a valid certificate. Notice that this directive can be
|
|
used both in per-server and per-directory context. In per-server context it
|
|
applies to the client authentication process used in the standard SSL
|
|
handshake when a connection is established. In per-directory context it forces
|
|
a SSL renegotation with the reconfigured client verification depth after the
|
|
HTTP request was read but before the HTTP response is sent.</p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The depth actually is the maximum number of intermediate certificate issuers,
|
|
i.e. the number of CA certificates which are max allowed to be followed while
|
|
verifying the client certificate. A depth of 0 means that self-signed client
|
|
certificates are accepted only, the default depth of 1 means the client
|
|
certificate can be self-signed or has to be signed by a CA which is directly
|
|
known to the server (i.e. the CA's certificate is under
|
|
<a class="directive" href="#sslcacertificatepath"><code class="directive">SSLCACertificatePath</code></a>), etc.</p>
|
|
<blockquote><table cellpadding="10"><tr><td bgcolor="#eeeeee"><p align="center"><strong>Example</strong></p><code>
|
|
SSLVerifyDepth 10
|
|
</code></td></tr></table></blockquote>
|
|
<hr/><h3 align="center">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</h3><a href="./"><img src="../images/index.gif" alt="Index"/></a><a href="../"><img src="../images/home.gif" alt="Home"/></a></blockquote></body></html> |