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341 lines
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341 lines
12 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
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<title>Apache module mod_vhost_alias</title>
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<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
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<h1 align="CENTER">Module mod_vhost_alias</h1>
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<p>This module provides support for <a
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href="../vhosts/mass.html">dynamically configured mass virtual
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hosting</a>.</p>
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<p><a href="module-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Extension<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile"
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rel="Help"><strong>Source File:</strong></a>
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mod_vhost_alias.c<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module Identifier:</strong></a>
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vhost_alias_module<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> Available in
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Apache 1.3.7 and later.</p>
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<h2>Summary</h2>
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<p>This module creates dynamically configured virtual hosts, by
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allowing the IP address and/or the <code>Host:</code> header of
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the HTTP request to be used as part of the pathname to
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determine what files to serve. This allows for easy use of a
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huge number of virtual hosts with similar configurations.</p>
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<h2>Directives</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a
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href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></li>
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<li><a
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href="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a></li>
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<li><a href="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</a></li>
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<li><a
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href="#virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>See also: <a
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href="core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a>.</p>
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<h2>Directory Name Interpolation</h2>
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<p>All the directives in this module interpolate a string into
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a pathname. The interpolated string (henceforth called the
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"name") may be either the server name (see the <a
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href="core.html#usecanonicalname"><code>UseCanonicalName</code></a>
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directive for details on how this is determined) or the IP
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address of the virtual host on the server in dotted-quad
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format. The interpolation is controlled by specifiers inspired
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by <code>printf</code> which have a number of formats:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>%%</code></dt>
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<dd>insert a <code>%</code></dd>
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<dt><code>%p</code></dt>
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<dd>insert the port number of the virtual host</dd>
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<dt><code>%N.M</code></dt>
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<dd>insert (part of) the name</dd>
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</dl>
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<br />
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<br />
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<p><code>N</code> and <code>M</code> are used to specify
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substrings of the name. <code>N</code> selects from the
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dot-separated components of the name, and <code>M</code>
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selects characters within whatever <code>N</code> has selected.
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<code>M</code> is optional and defaults to zero if it isn't
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present; the dot must be present if and only if <code>M</code>
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is present. The interpretation is as follows:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>0</code></dt>
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<dd>the whole name</dd>
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<dt><code>1</code></dt>
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<dd>the first part</dd>
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<dt><code>2</code></dt>
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<dd>the second part</dd>
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<dt><code>-1</code></dt>
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<dd>the last part</dd>
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<dt><code>-2</code></dt>
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<dd>the penultimate part</dd>
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<dt><code>2+</code></dt>
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<dd>the second and all subsequent parts</dd>
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<dt><code>-2+</code></dt>
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<dd>the penultimate and all preceding parts</dd>
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<dt><code>1+</code> and <code>-1+</code></dt>
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<dd>the same as <code>0</code></dd>
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</dl>
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If <code>N</code> or <code>M</code> is greater than the number
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of parts available a single underscore is interpolated. <br />
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<br />
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<h3>Examples</h3>
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<p>For simple name-based virtual hosts you might use the
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following directives in your server configuration file:</p>
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<pre>
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UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%0
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</pre>
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A request for
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<code>http://www.example.com/directory/file.html</code> will be
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satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/www.example.com/directory/file.html</code>.
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<br />
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<br />
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<p>For a very large number of virtual hosts it is a good idea
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to arrange the files to reduce the size of the
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<code>vhosts</code> directory. To do this you might use the
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following in your configuration file:</p>
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<pre>
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UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2
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</pre>
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A request for
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<code>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</code>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/x/a/example/directory/file.html</code>.
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A more even spread of files can be achieved by hashing from the
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end of the name, for example:
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<pre>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.-1/%2.-2/%2.-3/%2
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</pre>
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The example request would come from
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/l/p/example/directory/file.html</code>.
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Alternatively you might use:
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<pre>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2.4+
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</pre>
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The example request would come from
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/x/a/mple/directory/file.html</code>.
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<br />
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<br />
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<p>For IP-based virtual hosting you might use the following in
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your configuration file:</p>
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<pre>
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UseCanonicalName DNS
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VirtualDocumentRootIP /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/docs
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VirtualScriptAliasIP /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/cgi-bin
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</pre>
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A request for
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<code>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</code>
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would be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/docs/directory/file.html</code>
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if the IP address of <code>www.example.com</code> were
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10.20.30.40. A request for
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<code>http://www.example.isp.com/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> would
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be satisfied by executing the program
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/cgi-bin/script.pl</code>.
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<br />
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<br />
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<p>If you want to include the <code>.</code> character in a
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<code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive, but it clashes with
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a <code>%</code> directive, you can work around the problem in
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the following way:</p>
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<pre>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%2.0.%3.0
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</pre>
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A request for
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<code>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</code>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.isp/directory/file.html</code>.
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<br />
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<br />
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<p>The <a href="mod_log_config.html#formats">LogFormat
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directives</a> <code>%V</code> and <code>%A</code> are useful
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in conjunction with this module.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a id="virtualdocumentroot"
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name="virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot
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directive</a></h2>
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<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> VirtualDocumentRoot
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<em>interpolated-directory</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> None<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Extension<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_vhost_alias<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
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VirtualDocumentRoot is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</p>
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<p>The <code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive allows you to
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determine where Apache will find your documents based on the
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value of the server name. The result of expanding
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<em>interpolated-directory</em> is used as the root of the
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document tree in a similar manner to the <a
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href="core.html#documentroot"><code>DocumentRoot</code></a>
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directive's argument. If <em>interpolated-directory</em> is
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<code>none</code> then <code>VirtaulDocumentRoot</code> is
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turned off. This directive cannot be used in the same context
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as <a
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href="#virtualdocumentrootip"><code>VirtualDocumentRootIP</code></a>.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a id="virtualdocumentrootip"
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name="virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP
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directive</a></h2>
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<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> VirtualDocumentRootIP
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<em>interpolated-directory</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> None<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Extension<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_vhost_alias<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
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VirtualDocumentRootIP is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</p>
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<p>The <code>VirtualDocumentRootIP</code> directive is like the
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<a
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href="#virtualdocumentroot"><code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code></a>
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directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end
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of the connection instead of the server name.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a id="virtualscriptalias"
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name="virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias directive</a></h2>
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<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> VirtualScriptAlias
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<em>interpolated-directory</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> None<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Extension<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_vhost_alias<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
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VirtualScriptAlias is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</p>
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<p>The <code>VirtualScriptAlias</code> directive allows you to
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determine where Apache will find CGI scripts in a similar
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manner to <a
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href="#virtualdocumentroot"><code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code></a>
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does for other documents. It matches requests for URIs starting
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<code>/cgi-bin/</code>, much like <code><a
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href="mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a>
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/cgi-bin/</code> would.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a id="virtualscriptaliasip"
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name="virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP
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directive</a></h2>
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<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> VirtualScriptAliasIP
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<em>interpolated-directory</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> None<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Extension<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_vhost_alias<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
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VirtualScriptAliasIP is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</p>
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<p>The <code>VirtualScriptAliasIP</code> directive is like the
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<a
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href="#virtualscriptalias"><code>VirtualScriptAlias</code></a>
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directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end
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of the connection instead of the server name.</p>
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<hr />
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<h3 align="CENTER">Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3</h3>
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<a href="./"><img src="../images/index.gif" alt="Index" /></a>
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<a href="../"><img src="../images/home.gif" alt="Home" /></a>
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</body>
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</html>
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