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938 lines
40 KiB
HTML
938 lines
40 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
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<title>Apache module mod_mime</title>
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<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
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<h1 align="center">Module mod_mime</h1>
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<p>This module associates the request filename's extensions
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(e.g. .html) with the file's behavior (handlers and filters)
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and content (mime-type, language, character set and
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encoding.)</p>
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<p><a href="module-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile"
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rel="Help"><strong>Source File:</strong></a> mod_mime.c<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module Identifier:</strong></a>
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mime_module</p>
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<h2>Summary</h2>
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This module is used to associate various bits of "meta
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information" with files by their filename extensions. This
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information relates the filename of the document to it's
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mime-type, language, character set and encoding. This
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information is sent to the browser, and participates in content
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negotiation, so the user's preferences are respected when
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choosing one of several possible files to serve. See <a
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href="mod_negotiation">mod_negotiation</a> for more information
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about content negotiation.
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<p>The directives <a href="#addcharset">AddCharset</a>, <a
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href="#addencoding">AddEncoding</a>, <a
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href="#addlanguage">AddLanguage</a> and <a
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href="#addtype">AddType</a> are all used to map file extensions
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onto the meta-information for that file. Respectively they set
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the character set, content-encoding, content-language, and
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MIME-type (content-type) of documents.</p>
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<p>In addition, mod_mime may define the "handler" for a
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document, which controls which module or script will serve the
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document. With the introduction of "filters" in Apache 2.0,
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mod_mime can also define the filters that the the content
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should be processed through (e.g. the Includes output filter
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for server side scripting) and what filters the client request
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and POST content should be processed through (the input
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filters.)</p>
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<p>The directives <a href="#addhandler">AddHandler</a>, <a
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href="#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a>, and <a
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href="#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a> control the modules
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or scripts that serve the document. The
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<a href="#multiviewsmatch">MultiviewsMatch</a> directive allows
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<a href="mod_negotiation">mod_negotiation</a> to consider these
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file extensions to included when testing Multiviews matches.</p>
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<p>The directive <a href="#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a> is used
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to specify a file which also maps extensions onto MIME types.
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Most administrators use the provided mime.types file which
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associates common filename extensions with IANA registered
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content types. The current list is maintained at
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<code>http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/media-types/media-types</code>
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although it may be mirrored elsewhere). This simplifies the
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httpd.conf file by providing the majority of media-type
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definitions, and they may be overridden by <a
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href="#addtype">AddType</a> directives as needed.</p>
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<p><em>Please do not send requests to the Apache httpd Project
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to add any new entries in the distributed mime.types file
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unless (1) they are already registered with IANA, and (2) they
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use widely accepted, non-conflicting filename extensions across
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platforms. category/x-subtype requests will be automatically
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rejected, as will any new two-letter extensions as they will
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likely conflict later with the already crowded language and
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character set namespace.</em></p>
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<p>The core directives <a
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href="core.html#forcetype">ForceType</a> and <a
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href="core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a> are used to
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associate all the files in a given container (<em>e.g.</em>,
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<location>, <directory>, or <Files>) with a
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particular MIME-type or handler. These settings override any
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filename extension mappings defined in mod_mime.</p>
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<p>Note that changing the type or encoding of a file does not
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change the value of the <code>Last-Modified</code> header.
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Thus, previously cached copies may still be used by a client or
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proxy, with the previous headers. If you change the
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meta-information (language, content type, character set or
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encoding) you may need to 'touch' affected files (updating
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their last modified date) to ensure that all visitors are
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receive the corrected content headers.</p>
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<h2>Directives</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#addcharset">AddCharset</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addencoding">AddEncoding</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addhandler">AddHandler</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addinputfilter">AddInputFilter</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addlanguage">AddLanguage</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter</a></li>
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<li><a href="#addtype">AddType</a></li>
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<li><a href="#defaultlanguage">DefaultLanguage</a></li>
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<li><a href="#multiviewsmatch">MultiviewsMatch</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removecharset">RemoveCharset</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removeencoding">RemoveEncoding</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removelanguage">RemoveLanguage</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a></li>
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<li><a href="#removetype">RemoveType</a></li>
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<li><a href="#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>See also: <a
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href="mod_mime_magic.html#mimemagicfile">MimeMagicFile</a>.</p>
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<h2><a id="multipleext" name="multipleext">Files with Multiple
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Extensions</a></h2>
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<p>Files can have more than one extension, and the order of the
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extensions is <em>normally</em> irrelevant. For example, if the
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file <code>welcome.html.fr</code> maps onto content type
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text/html and language French then the file <code>welcome.fr.html</code>
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will map onto exactly the same information. If more than one
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extension is given which maps onto the same
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type of meta-information, then the one to the right will be
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used. For example, if ".gif" maps to the MIME-type image/gif
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and ".html" maps to the MIME-type text/html, then the file
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<code>welcome.gif.html</code> will be associated with the
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MIME-type "text/html".</p>
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<p>Care should be taken when a file with multiple extensions
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gets associated with both a MIME-type and a handler. This will
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usually result in the request being by the module associated
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with the handler. For example, if the <code>.imap</code>
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extension is mapped to the handler "imap-file" (from mod_imap)
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and the <code>.html</code> extension is mapped to the MIME-type
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"text/html", then the file <code>world.imap.html</code> will be
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associated with both the "imap-file" handler and "text/html"
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MIME-type. When it is processed, the "imap-file" handler will
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be used, and so it will be treated as a mod_imap imagemap
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file.</p>
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<h2><a id="contentencoding" name="contentencoding">Content encoding</a></h2>
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<p>A file of a particular MIME type can additionally be encoded a
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particular way to simplify transmission over the Internet.
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While this usually will refer to compression, such as
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<samp>gzip</samp>, it can also refer to encryption, such a
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<samp>pgp</samp> or to an encoding such as UUencoding, which is
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designed for transmitting a binary file in an ASCII (text)
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format.</p>
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<p>The MIME RFC puts it this way:</p>
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<blockquote>
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The Content-Encoding entity-header field is used as a
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modifier to the media-type. When present, its value indicates
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what additional content coding has been applied to the
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resource, and thus what decoding mechanism must be applied in
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order to obtain the media-type referenced by the Content-Type
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header field. The Content-Encoding is primarily used to allow
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a document to be compressed without losing the identity of
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its underlying media type.
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</blockquote>
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By using more than one file extension (see <a
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href="#multipleext">section above about multiple file
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extensions</a>), you can indicate that a file is of a
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particular <em>type</em>, and also has a particular
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<em>encoding</em>.
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<p>For example, you may have a file which is a Microsoft Word
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document, which is pkzipped to reduce its size. If the
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<samp>.doc</samp> extension is associated with the Microsoft
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Word file type, and the <samp>.zip</samp> extension is
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associated with the pkzip file encoding, then the file
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<samp>Resume.doc.zip</samp>would be known to be a pkzip'ed Word
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document.</p>
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<p>Apache send a <samp>Content-encoding</samp> header with the
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resource, in order to tell the client browser about the
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encoding method.</p>
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<p><samp>Content-encoding: pkzip</samp></p>
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<h2>Character sets and languages</h2>
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<p>In addition to file type and the file encoding,
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another important piece of information is what language a
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particular document is in, and in what character set the file
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should be displayed. For example, the document might be written
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in the Vietnamese alphabet, or in Cyrillic, and should be
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displayed as such. This information, also, is transmitted in
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HTTP headers.</p>
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<p>The character set, language encoding and mime type are all
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used in the process of content negotiation (See <a
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href="mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a>) to determine
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which document to give to the client, when there are
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alternative documents in more than one character set, language,
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encoding or mime type. All filename extensions associations
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created with <code>AddCharset</code>, <code>AddEncoding</code>,
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<code>AddLanguage</code> and <code>AddType</code> directives
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(and extensions listed in the <code>MimeMagicFile</code>)
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participate in this select process. Filename extensions that
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are only associated using the <code>AddHandler</code>,
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<code>AddInputFilter</code> or <code>AddOutputFilter</code>
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directives may be included or excluded from matching by using
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the <a href="#multiviewsmatch">MultiviewsMatch</a> directive.</p>
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Charset</p>
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<p>To convey this further information, Apache optionally sends
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a <samp>Content-Language</samp> header, to specify the language
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that the document is in, and can append additional information
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onto the <samp>Content-Type</samp> header to indicate the
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particular character set that should be used to correctly
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render the information.</p>
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<pre>
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Content-Language: en, fr
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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-2
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</pre>
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<p>The language specification is the two-letter abbreviation
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for the language. The <samp>charset</samp> is the name of the
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particular character set which should be used.</p>
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<hr />
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<h2><a id="addcharset" name="addcharset">AddCharset</a>
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directive</h2>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddCharset <em>charset
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extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host, directory, .htaccess<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
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rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime <br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> AddCharset is
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only available in Apache 1.3.10 and later
|
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<p>The AddCharset directive maps the given filename extensions
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to the specified content charset. <i>charset</i> is the MIME
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charset parameter of filenames containing <i>extension</i>.
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This mapping is added to any already in force, overriding any
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mappings that already exist for the same <i>extension</i>.</p>
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<p>Example:</p>
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<pre>
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AddLanguage ja .ja
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AddCharset EUC-JP .euc
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AddCharset ISO-2022-JP .jis
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AddCharset SHIFT_JIS .sjis
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</pre>
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<p>Then the document <code>xxxx.ja.jis</code> will be treated
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as being a Japanese document whose charset is ISO-2022-JP (as
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will the document <code>xxxx.jis.ja</code>). The AddCharset
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directive is useful for both to inform the client about the
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character encoding of the document so that the document can be
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interpreted and displayed appropriately, and for <a
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href="../content-negotiation.html">content negotiation</a>,
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where the server returns one from several documents based on
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the client's charset preference.</p>
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<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
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be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
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<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a
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href="mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></p>
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<hr />
|
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<h2><a id="addencoding" name="addencoding">AddEncoding</a>
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directive</h2>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddEncoding
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<em>MIME-enc extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
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host, directory, .htaccess<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
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rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime
|
|
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<p>The AddEncoding directive maps the given filename extensions
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to the specified encoding type. <em>MIME-enc</em> is the MIME
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encoding to use for documents containing the
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<em>extension</em>. This mapping is added to any already in
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force, overriding any mappings that already exist for the same
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<em>extension</em>. Example:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<code>AddEncoding x-gzip .gz<br />
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AddEncoding x-compress .Z</code>
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</blockquote>
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This will cause filenames containing the .gz extension to be
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marked as encoded using the x-gzip encoding, and filenames
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containing the .Z extension to be marked as encoded with
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x-compress.
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<p>Old clients expect <code>x-gzip</code> and
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<code>x-compress</code>, however the standard dictates that
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they're equivalent to <code>gzip</code> and
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<code>compress</code> respectively. Apache does content
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encoding comparisons by ignoring any leading <code>x-</code>.
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When responding with an encoding Apache will use whatever form
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(<em>i.e.</em>, <code>x-foo</code> or <code>foo</code>) the
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client requested. If the client didn't specifically request a
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particular form Apache will use the form given by the
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<code>AddEncoding</code> directive. To make this long story
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short, you should always use <code>x-gzip</code> and
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<code>x-compress</code> for these two specific encodings. More
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recent encodings, such as <code>deflate</code> should be
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specified without the <code>x-</code>.</p>
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<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
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be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
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<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a href="#multipleext">Files with
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multiple extensions</a></p>
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<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="addhandler" name="addhandler">AddHandler</a>
|
|
directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddHandler
|
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<em>handler-name extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> AddHandler is
|
|
only available in Apache 1.1 and later
|
|
|
|
<p>AddHandler maps the filename extensions <em>extension</em>
|
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to the <a href="../handler.html">handler</a>
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<em>handler-name</em>. This mapping is added to any already in
|
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force, overriding any mappings that already exist for the same
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<em>extension</em>. For example, to activate CGI scripts with
|
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the file extension "<code>.cgi</code>", you might use:</p>
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|
<pre>
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AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
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</pre>
|
|
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<p>Once that has been put into your srm.conf or httpd.conf
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file, any file containing the "<code>.cgi</code>" extension
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will be treated as a CGI program.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a href="#multipleext">Files with
|
|
multiple extensions</a></p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="addinputfilter" name="addinputfilter">AddInputFilter
|
|
directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddInputFilter
|
|
<em>filter</em>[<em>;filter</em>...] extension
|
|
[<em>extension</em> ...]<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> none<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory, files,
|
|
location, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> AddInputFilter
|
|
is only available in Apache 2.0.26 and later.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>AddInputFilter maps the filename extensions
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<em>extension</em> to the filter or filters which will process
|
|
client requests and POST input when they are received by the
|
|
server. This is in addition to any filters defined elsewhere,
|
|
including the <a
|
|
href="core.html#setinputfilter">SetInputFilter</a> directive.
|
|
This mapping is merged over any already in force, overriding
|
|
any mappings that already exist for the same
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<em>extension</em>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If more than one filter is specified, they must be separated
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|
by semicolons in the order in which they should process the
|
|
content. Both the filter and <em>extension</em> arguments are
|
|
case-insensitive, and the extension may be specified with or
|
|
without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>See also the <a href="../filter.html">Filters</a>
|
|
documentation.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="addlanguage" name="addlanguage">AddLanguage</a>
|
|
directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddLanguage
|
|
<em>MIME-lang extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime
|
|
|
|
<p>The AddLanguage directive maps the given filename extension
|
|
to the specified content language. <em>MIME-lang</em> is the
|
|
MIME language of filenames containing <em>extension</em>. This
|
|
mapping is added to any already in force, overriding any
|
|
mappings that already exist for the same
|
|
<em>extension</em>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code>AddEncoding x-compress .Z<br />
|
|
AddLanguage en .en<br />
|
|
AddLanguage fr .fr<br />
|
|
</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<p>Then the document <code>xxxx.en.Z</code> will be treated as
|
|
being a compressed English document (as will the document
|
|
<code>xxxx.Z.en</code>). Although the content language is
|
|
reported to the client, the browser is unlikely to use this
|
|
information. The AddLanguage directive is more useful for <a
|
|
href="../content-negotiation.html">content negotiation</a>,
|
|
where the server returns one from several documents based on
|
|
the client's language preference.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If multiple language assignments are made for the same
|
|
extension, the last one encountered is the one that is used.
|
|
That is, for the case of:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
AddLanguage en .en
|
|
AddLanguage en-uk .en
|
|
AddLanguage en-us .en
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>documents with the extension "<code>.en</code>" would be
|
|
treated as being "<code>en-us</code>".</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a href="#multipleext">Files with
|
|
multiple extensions</a>, <a
|
|
href="./mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="addoutputfilter"
|
|
name="addoutputfilter">AddOutputFilter directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddOutputFilter
|
|
<em>filter</em>[<em>;filter</em>...] extension
|
|
[<em>extension</em> ...]<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> none<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory, files,
|
|
location, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> AddOutputFilter
|
|
is only available in Apache 2.0.26 and later.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code>AddOutputFilter</code> directive maps the filename
|
|
extensions <em>extension</em> to the filters which will process
|
|
responses from the server before they are sent to the client.
|
|
This is in addition to any filters defined elsewhere, including
|
|
the <a href="core.html#setoutputfilter">SetOutputFilter</a>
|
|
directive. This mapping is merged over any already in force,
|
|
overriding any mappings that already exist for the same
|
|
<em>extension</em>.</p>
|
|
For example, the following configuration will process all
|
|
.shtml files for server-side includes.<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code> AddOutputFilter INCLUDES shtml<br />
|
|
</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<p>If more than one filter is specified, they must be separated
|
|
by semicolons in the order in which they should process the
|
|
content. Both the filter and <em>extension</em> arguments are
|
|
case-insensitive, and the extension may be specified with or
|
|
without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>See also the <a href="../filter.html">Filters</a>
|
|
documentation.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="addtype" name="addtype">AddType</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AddType <em>MIME-type
|
|
extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime
|
|
|
|
<p>The AddType directive maps the given filename extensions
|
|
onto the specified content type. <em>MIME-type</em> is the MIME
|
|
type to use for filenames containing <em>extension</em>. This
|
|
mapping is added to any already in force, overriding any
|
|
mappings that already exist for the same <em>extension</em>.
|
|
This directive can be used to add mappings not listed in the
|
|
MIME types file (see the <code><a
|
|
href="#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code> directive).
|
|
Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code>AddType image/gif .gif</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
It is recommended that new MIME types be added using the
|
|
AddType directive rather than changing the <a
|
|
href="#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a> file.
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that, unlike the NCSA httpd, this directive cannot be
|
|
used to set the type of particular files.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a href="#multipleext">Files with
|
|
multiple extensions</a></p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="multiviewsmatch"
|
|
name="multiviewsmatch">MultiviewsMatch</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> MultiviewsMatch
|
|
<em>[NegotiatedOnly] [Handlers] [Filters] [Any]</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> only available
|
|
in Apache 2.0.26 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>MultiviewsMatch permits three different behaviors for
|
|
<a href="mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation<a>'s Multiviews
|
|
feature. Multiviews allows a request for a file, e.g. index.html,
|
|
to match any negotiated extensions following the base request,
|
|
e.g. index.html.en, index.html,fr, or index.html.gz.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The NegotiatedOnly option provides that every extension following
|
|
the base name must correlate to a recognized mod_mime extension for
|
|
content negotation, e.g. Charset, Content-Type, Language, or
|
|
Encoding. This is the strictest implementation with the fewest
|
|
unexpected side effects, and is the default behavior.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>To include extensions associated with Handlers and/or Filters,
|
|
set the MultiviewsMatch directive to either Handlers, Filters, or
|
|
both option keywords. If all other factors are equal, the smallest
|
|
file will be served, e.g. in deciding between index.html.cgi of 500
|
|
characters and index.html.pl of 1000 bytes, the .cgi file would win
|
|
in this example. Users of .asis files might prefer to use the
|
|
Handler option, if .asis files are associated with the asis-handler.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>You may finally allow Any extensions to match, even if mod_mime
|
|
doesn't recognize the extension. This was the behavior in Apache 1.3,
|
|
and can cause unpredicatable results, such as serving .old or .bak
|
|
files the webmaster never expected to be served.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="defaultlanguage"
|
|
name="defaultlanguage">DefaultLanguage</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> DefaultLanguage
|
|
<em>MIME-lang</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> DefaultLanguage
|
|
is only available in Apache 1.3.4 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The DefaultLanguage directive tells Apache that all files in
|
|
the directive's scope (<em>e.g.</em>, all files covered by the
|
|
current <code><Directory></code> container) that don't
|
|
have an explicit language extension (such as <samp>.fr</samp>
|
|
or <samp>.de</samp> as configured by <samp>AddLanguage</samp>)
|
|
should be considered to be in the specified <em>MIME-lang</em>
|
|
language. This allows entire directories to be marked as
|
|
containing Dutch content, for instance, without having to
|
|
rename each file. Note that unlike using extensions to specify
|
|
languages, <samp>DefaultLanguage</samp> can only specify a
|
|
single language.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If no <samp>DefaultLanguage</samp> directive is in force,
|
|
and a file does not have any language extensions as configured
|
|
by <samp>AddLanguage</samp>, then that file will be considered
|
|
to have no language attribute.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>See also</strong>: <a href="#multipleext">Files with
|
|
multiple extensions</a>, <a
|
|
href="./mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removecharset"
|
|
name="removecharset">RemoveCharset</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveCharset
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> RemoveCharset is
|
|
only available in Apache 2.0.24 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveCharset</samp> directive removes any
|
|
character set associations for files with the given extensions.
|
|
This allows <code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to
|
|
undo any associations inherited from parent directories or the
|
|
server config files.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removeencoding"
|
|
name="removeencoding">RemoveEncoding</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveEncoding
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> RemoveEncoding
|
|
is only available in Apache 1.3.13 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveEncoding</samp> directive removes any
|
|
encoding associations for files with the given extensions. This
|
|
allows <code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to undo
|
|
any associations inherited from parent directories or the
|
|
server config files. An example of its use might be:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt><code>/foo/.htaccess:</code></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><code>AddEncoding x-gzip .gz</code><br />
|
|
<code>AddType text/plain .asc</code><br />
|
|
<code><Files *.gz.asc></code><br />
|
|
<code> RemoveEncoding
|
|
.gz</code><br />
|
|
<code></Files></code></dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>This will cause <code>foo.gz</code> to be marked as being
|
|
encoded with the gzip method, but <code>foo.gz.asc</code> as an
|
|
unencoded plaintext file.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><b>Note:</b>RemoveEncoding directives are processed
|
|
<i>after</i> any AddEncoding directives, so it is possible they
|
|
may undo the effects of the latter if both occur within the
|
|
same directory configuration.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removehandler"
|
|
name="removehandler">RemoveHandler</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveHandler
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> RemoveHandler is
|
|
only available in Apache 1.3.4 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveHandler</samp> directive removes any handler
|
|
associations for files with the given extensions. This allows
|
|
<code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to undo any
|
|
associations inherited from parent directories or the server
|
|
config files. An example of its use might be:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt><code>/foo/.htaccess:</code></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><code>AddHandler server-parsed .html</code></dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt><code>/foo/bar/.htaccess:</code></dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd><code>RemoveHandler .html</code></dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>This has the effect of returning <samp>.html</samp> files in
|
|
the <samp>/foo/bar</samp> directory to being treated as normal
|
|
files, rather than as candidates for parsing (see the <a
|
|
href="mod_include.html"><samp>mod_include</samp></a>
|
|
module).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removeinputfilter"
|
|
name="removeinputfilter">RemoveInputFilter</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveInputFilter
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
|
|
RemoveInputFilter is only available in Apache 2.0.26 and later.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveInputFilter</samp> directive removes any
|
|
input filter associations for files with the given extensions.
|
|
This allows <code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to
|
|
undo any associations inherited from parent directories or the
|
|
server config files.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removelanguage"
|
|
name="removelanguage">RemoveLanguage</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveLanguage
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> RemoveLanguage
|
|
is only available in Apache 2.0.24 and later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveLanguage</samp> directive removes any
|
|
language associations for files with the given extensions. This
|
|
allows <code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to undo
|
|
any associations inherited from parent directories or the
|
|
server config files.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removeoutputfilter"
|
|
name="removeoutputfilter">RemoveOutputFilter</a> directive</h2>
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveOutputFilter
|
|
<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
|
|
.htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a>
|
|
RemoveOutputFilter is only available in Apache 2.0.26 and
|
|
later.
|
|
|
|
<p>The <samp>RemoveOutputFilter</samp> directive removes any
|
|
output filter associations for files with the given extensions.
|
|
This allows <code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to
|
|
undo any associations inherited from parent directories or the
|
|
server config files.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
|
|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="removetype" name="removetype">RemoveType</a>
|
|
directive</h2>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RemoveType
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<em>extension</em> [<em>extension</em>] ...<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> directory,
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.htaccess<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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rel="Help"><strong>Compatibility:</strong></a> RemoveType is
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only available in Apache 1.3.13 and later.
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<p>The <samp>RemoveType</samp> directive removes any MIME type
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associations for files with the given extensions. This allows
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<code>.htaccess</code> files in subdirectories to undo any
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associations inherited from parent directories or the server
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config files. An example of its use might be:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>/foo/.htaccess:</code></dt>
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<dd><code>RemoveType .cgi</code></dd>
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</dl>
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<p>This will remove any special handling of <code>.cgi</code>
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files in the <code>/foo/</code> directory and any beneath it,
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|
causing the files to be treated as being of the <a
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|
href="core.html#defaulttype">default type</a>.</p>
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<p><b>Note:</b><code>RemoveType</code> directives are processed
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<i>after</i> any <code>AddType</code> directives, so it is
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|
possible they may undo the effects of the latter if both occur
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within the same directory configuration.</p>
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|
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<p>The <em>extension</em> argument is case-insensitive, and can
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|
be specified with or without a leading dot.</p>
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<hr />
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|
<h2><a id="typesconfig" name="typesconfig">TypesConfig</a>
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|
directive</h2>
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|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> TypesConfig
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|
<em>file-path</em><br />
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|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> <code>TypesConfig
|
|
conf/mime.types</code><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_mime
|
|
|
|
<p>The TypesConfig directive sets the location of the MIME
|
|
types configuration file. <em>Filename</em> is relative to the
|
|
<a href="core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a>. This file sets
|
|
the default list of mappings from filename extensions to
|
|
content types; changing this file is not recommended. Use the
|
|
<a href="#addtype">AddType</a> directive instead. The file
|
|
contains lines in the format of the arguments to an AddType
|
|
command:</p>
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|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<em>MIME-type extension extension ...</em>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
The extensions are lower-cased. Blank lines, and lines
|
|
beginning with a hash character (`#') are ignored.
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|
|
|
<p><!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
|
|
</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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