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219 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
219 lines
8.5 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
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<title>Apache module mod_cgi</title>
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</head>
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<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
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vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000">
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<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
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<h1 align="CENTER">Module mod_cgi</h1>
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<p>This module provides for execution of CGI scripts.</p>
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<p><a href="module-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile"
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rel="Help"><strong>Source File:</strong></a> mod_cgi.c<br />
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<a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier"
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rel="Help"><strong>Module Identifier:</strong></a>
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cgi_module</p>
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<h2>Summary</h2>
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<!-- XXX: Should have references to CGI definition/RFC -->
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<!-- XXX: Should mention Options ExecCGI -->
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<p>Any file that has the mime type
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<code>application/x-httpd-cgi</code> or handler
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<code>cgi-script</code> (Apache 1.1 or later) will be treated
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as a CGI script, and run by the server, with its output being
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returned to the client. Files acquire this type either by
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having a name containing an extension defined by the <a
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href="mod_mime.html#addtype">AddType</a> directive, or by being
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in a <a href="mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a>
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directory.</p>
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<p>When the server invokes a CGI script, it will add a variable
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called <code>DOCUMENT_ROOT</code> to the environment. This
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variable will contain the value of the <a
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href="core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a> configuration
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variable.</p>
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<p>For an introduction to using CGI scripts with Apache, see
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our tutorial on <a href="../howto/cgi.html">Dynamic Content
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With CGI</a>.</p>
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<p>When using a multi-threaded MPM under unix, the module <a
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href="mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a> should be used in place of
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this module. At the user level, the two modules are essentially
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identical.</p>
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<h2>Directives</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></li>
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<li><a href="#scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a></li>
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<li><a href="#scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>See also: <a href="core.html#options">Options</a>, <a
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href="mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a>, <a
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href="mod_mime.html#addtype">AddType</a> and <a
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href="mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a>.</p>
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<h2>CGI Environment variables</h2>
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The server will set the CGI environment variables as described
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in the <a href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/">CGI
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specification</a>, with the following provisions:
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<dl>
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<dt>REMOTE_HOST</dt>
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<dd>This will only be set if <a
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href="core.html#hostnamelookups"><code>HostnameLookups</code></a>
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is set to <code>on</code> (it is off by default), and if a
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reverse DNS lookup of the accessing host's address indeed
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finds a host name.</dd>
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<dt>REMOTE_IDENT</dt>
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<dd>This will only be set if <a
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href="core.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a> is set to
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<code>on</code> and the accessing host supports the ident
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protocol. Note that the contents of this variable cannot be
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relied upon because it can easily be faked, and if there is a
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proxy between the client and the server, it is usually
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totally useless.</dd>
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<dt>REMOTE_USER</dt>
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<dd>This will only be set if the CGI script is subject to
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authentication.</dd>
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</dl>
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<h2><a id="cgi_debug" name="cgi_debug">CGI Debugging</a></h2>
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Debugging CGI scripts has traditionally been difficult, mainly
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because it has not been possible to study the output (standard
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output and error) for scripts which are failing to run
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properly. These directives, included in Apache 1.2 and later,
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provide more detailed logging of errors when they occur.
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<h2>CGI Logfile Format</h2>
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When configured, the CGI error log logs any CGI which does not
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execute properly. Each CGI script which fails to operate causes
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several lines of information to be logged. The first two lines
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are always of the format:
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<pre>
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%% [<em>time</em>] <em>request-line</em>
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%% <em>HTTP-status</em> <em>CGI-script-filename</em>
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</pre>
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If the error is that CGI script cannot be run, the log file
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will contain an extra two lines:
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<pre>
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%%error
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<em>error-message</em>
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</pre>
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Alternatively, if the error is the result of the script
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returning incorrect header information (often due to a bug in
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the script), the following information is logged:
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<pre>
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%request
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<em>All HTTP request headers received</em>
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<em>POST or PUT entity (if any)</em>
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%response
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<em>All headers output by the CGI script</em>
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%stdout
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<em>CGI standard output</em>
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%stderr
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<em>CGI standard error</em>
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</pre>
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(The %stdout and %stderr parts may be missing if the script did
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not output anything on standard output or standard error).
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<hr />
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<h3><a id="scriptlog" name="scriptlog">ScriptLog</a>
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directive</h3>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> ScriptLog
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<em>filename</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> none<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> mod_cgi
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<p>The <tt>ScriptLog</tt> directive sets the CGI script error
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logfile. If no ScriptLog is given, no error log is created. If
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given, any CGI errors are logged into the filename given as
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argument. If this is a relative file or path it is taken
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relative to the server root.</p>
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<p>This log will be opened as the user the child processes run
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as, ie. the user specified in the main <a
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href="core.html#User">User</a> directive. This means that
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either the directory the script log is in needs to be writable
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by that user or the file needs to be manually created and set
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to be writable by that user. If you place the script log in
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your main logs directory, do <strong>NOT</strong> change the
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directory permissions to make it writable by the user the child
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processes run as.</p>
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<p>Note that script logging is meant to be a debugging feature
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when writing CGI scripts, and is not meant to be activated
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continuously on running servers. It is not optimized for speed
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or efficiency, and may have security problems if used in a
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manner other than that for which it was designed.</p>
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<hr />
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<h3><a id="scriptloglength"
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name="scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a> directive</h3>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> ScriptLogLength
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<em>bytes</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> 10385760<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> mod_cgi
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<p><tt>ScriptLogLength</tt> can be used to limit the size of
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the CGI script logfile. Since the logfile logs a lot of
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information per CGI error (all request headers, all script
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output) it can grow to be a big file. To prevent problems due
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to unbounded growth, this directive can be used to set an
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maximum file-size for the CGI logfile. If the file exceeds this
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size, no more information will be written to it.</p>
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<hr />
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<h3><a id="scriptlogbuffer"
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name="scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></h3>
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> ScriptLogBuffer
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<em>bytes</em><br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Default"
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rel="Help"><strong>Default:</strong></a> 1024<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
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rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config<br />
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<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
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rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> mod_cgi
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<p>The size of any PUT or POST entity body that is logged to
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the file is limited, to prevent the log file growing too big
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too quickly if large bodies are being received. By default, up
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to 1024 bytes are logged, but this can be changed with this
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directive. <!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
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</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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