mirror of
https://github.com/apache/httpd.git
synced 2025-10-30 08:05:39 +03:00
f88b50dec4
git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk@91116 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
366 lines
14 KiB
HTML
366 lines
14 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
|
|
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
|
|
|
|
<title>Apache module mod_alias</title>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
|
|
|
|
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
|
|
vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000">
|
|
<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
|
|
|
|
<h1 align="CENTER">Module mod_alias</h1>
|
|
|
|
<p>This module provides for mapping different parts of the host
|
|
filesystem in the document tree, and for URL redirection.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="module-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Source File:</strong></a> mod_alias.c<br />
|
|
<a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module Identifier:</strong></a>
|
|
alias_module</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Summary</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>The directives contained in this module allow for
|
|
manipulation and control of URLs as requests arrive at the
|
|
server. The <code>Alias</code> and <code>ScriptAlias</code>
|
|
directives are used to map between URLs and filesystem paths.
|
|
This allows for content which is not directly under the <a
|
|
href="core.html#documentroot"><code>DocumentRoot</code></a> to
|
|
be served as part of the web document tree. The
|
|
<code>ScriptAlias</code> directive has the additional effect of
|
|
marking the target directory as containing only CGI
|
|
scripts.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code>Redirect</code> directives are used to instruct
|
|
clients to make a new request with a different URL. They are
|
|
often used when a resource has moved to a new location.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>A more powerful and flexible set of directives for
|
|
manipulating URLs is contained in the <a
|
|
href="mod_rewrite.html"><code>mod_rewrite</code></a>
|
|
module.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Directives</h2>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="#alias">Alias</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#redirect">Redirect</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#redirecttemp">RedirectTemp</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#redirectperm">RedirectPermanent</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="#scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="alias" name="alias">Alias directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt Alias} directive> -->
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> Alias <em>URL-path
|
|
file-path</em>|<em>directory-path</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The Alias directive allows documents to be stored in the
|
|
local filesystem other than under the <a
|
|
href="core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a>. URLs with a
|
|
(%-decoded) path beginning with <em>url-path</em> will be
|
|
mapped to local files beginning with
|
|
<em>directory-filename</em>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code>Alias /image /ftp/pub/image</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<p>A request for http://myserver/image/foo.gif would cause the
|
|
server to return the file /ftp/pub/image/foo.gif.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that if you include a trailing / on the
|
|
<em>url-path</em> then the server will require a trailing / in
|
|
order to expand the alias. That is, if you use <code>Alias
|
|
/icons/ /usr/local/apache/icons/</code> then the url
|
|
<code>/icons</code> will not be aliased.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that you may need to specify additional <a
|
|
href="core.html#directory"><code><Directory></code></a>
|
|
sections which cover the <em>destination</em> of aliases.
|
|
Aliasing occurs before <code><Directory></code> sections
|
|
are checked, so only the destination of aliases are affected.
|
|
(Note however <a
|
|
href="core.html#location"><code><Location></code></a>
|
|
sections are run through once before aliases are performed, so
|
|
they will apply.)</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>See also <a href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a>.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="aliasmatch" name="aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> AliasMatch <em>regex
|
|
file-path</em>|<em>directory-path</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This directive is equivalent to <a href="#alias">Alias</a>,
|
|
but makes use of standard regular expressions, instead of
|
|
simple prefix matching. The supplied regular expression is
|
|
matched against the URL-path, and if it matches, the server
|
|
will substitute any parenthesized matches into the given string
|
|
and use it as a filename. For example, to activate the
|
|
<code>/icons</code> directory, one might use:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
AliasMatch ^/icons(.*) /usr/local/apache/icons$1
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="redirect" name="redirect">Redirect
|
|
directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt Redirect} directive> -->
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> Redirect
|
|
[<em>status</em>] <em>URL-path URL</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The Redirect directive maps an old URL into a new one. The
|
|
new URL is returned to the client which attempts to fetch it
|
|
again with the new address. <em>URL-path</em> a (%-decoded)
|
|
path; any requests for documents beginning with this path will
|
|
be returned a redirect error to a new (%-encoded) URL beginning
|
|
with <em>URL</em>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code>Redirect /service http://foo2.bar.com/service</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<p>If the client requests http://myserver/service/foo.txt, it
|
|
will be told to access http://foo2.bar.com/service/foo.txt
|
|
instead.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Redirect directives take precedence
|
|
over Alias and ScriptAlias directives, irrespective of their
|
|
ordering in the configuration file. Also, <em>URL-path</em>
|
|
must be an absolute path, not a relative path, even when used
|
|
with .htaccess files or inside of <Directory>
|
|
sections.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If no <em>status</em> argument is given, the redirect will
|
|
be "temporary" (HTTP status 302). This indicates to the client
|
|
that the resource has moved temporarily. The <em>status</em>
|
|
argument can be used to return other HTTP status codes:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>permanent</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>Returns a permanent redirect status (301) indicating that
|
|
the resource has moved permanently.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>temp</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>Returns a temporary redirect status (302). This is the
|
|
default.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>seeother</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>Returns a "See Other" status (303) indicating that the
|
|
resource has been replaced.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>gone</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>Returns a "Gone" status (410) indicating that the
|
|
resource has been permanently removed. When this status is
|
|
used the <em>url</em> argument should be omitted.</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>Other status codes can be returned by giving the numeric
|
|
status code as the value of <em>status</em>. If the status is
|
|
between 300 and 399, the <em>url</em> argument must be present,
|
|
otherwise it must be omitted. Note that the status must be
|
|
known to the Apache code (see the function
|
|
<code>send_error_response</code> in http_protocol.c).</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="redirectmatch"
|
|
name="redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RedirectMatch
|
|
[<em>status</em>] <em>regex URL</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This directive is equivalent to <a
|
|
href="#redirect">Redirect</a>, but makes use of standard
|
|
regular expressions, instead of simple prefix matching. The
|
|
supplied regular expression is matched against the URL-path,
|
|
and if it matches, the server will substitute any parenthesized
|
|
matches into the given string and use it as a filename. For
|
|
example, to redirect all GIF files to like-named JPEG files on
|
|
another server, one might use:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
RedirectMatch (.*)\.gif$ http://www.anotherserver.com$1.jpg
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="redirecttemp" name="redirecttemp">RedirectTemp
|
|
directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt Redirect} directive> -->
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RedirectTemp
|
|
<em>URL-path URL</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This directive makes the client know that the Redirect is
|
|
only temporary (status 302). Exactly equivalent to
|
|
<code>Redirect temp</code>.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="redirectperm" name="redirectperm">RedirectPermanent
|
|
directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt Redirect} directive> -->
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> RedirectPermanent
|
|
<em>URL-path URL</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host, directory, .htaccess<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Override"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Override:</strong></a> FileInfo<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This directive makes the client know that the Redirect is
|
|
permanent (status 301). Exactly equivalent to <code>Redirect
|
|
permanent</code>.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="scriptalias" name="scriptalias">ScriptAlias
|
|
directive</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
<!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt ScriptAlias} directive> -->
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> ScriptAlias
|
|
<em>URL-path file-path</em>|<em>directory-path</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The ScriptAlias directive has the same behavior as the <a
|
|
href="#alias">Alias</a> directive, except that in addition it
|
|
marks the target directory as containing CGI scripts. URLs with
|
|
a (%-decoded) path beginning with <em>URL-path</em> will be
|
|
mapped to scripts beginning with the second argument which is a
|
|
full pathname in the local filesystem.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<code>ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /web/cgi-bin/</code>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<p>A request for http://myserver/cgi-bin/foo would cause the
|
|
server to run the script /web/cgi-bin/foo.</p>
|
|
<hr />
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="scriptaliasmatch"
|
|
name="scriptaliasmatch">ScriptAliasMatch</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Syntax:</strong></a> ScriptAliasMatch
|
|
<em>regex file-path</em>|<em>directory-path</em><br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Context"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Context:</strong></a> server config, virtual
|
|
host<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Status"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Status:</strong></a> Base<br />
|
|
<a href="directive-dict.html#Module"
|
|
rel="Help"><strong>Module:</strong></a> mod_alias</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This directive is equivalent to <a
|
|
href="#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a>, but makes use of standard
|
|
regular expressions, instead of simple prefix matching. The
|
|
supplied regular expression is matched against the URL-path,
|
|
and if it matches, the server will substitute any parenthesized
|
|
matches into the given string and use it as a filename. For
|
|
example, to activate the standard <code>/cgi-bin</code>, one
|
|
might use:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
ScriptAliasMatch ^/cgi-bin(.*) /usr/local/apache/cgi-bin$1
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
<!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
|