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243 lines
13 KiB
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>Custom Error Responses - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Custom Error Responses</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="./es/custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa<70>ol"> es </a> |
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<a href="./fr/custom-error.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran<61>ais"> fr </a> |
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<a href="./ja/custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
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<a href="./ko/custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
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<a href="./tr/custom-error.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T<>rk<72>e"> tr </a></p>
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</div>
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<p>Although the Apache HTTP Server provides generic error responses
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in the event of 4xx or 5xx HTTP status codes, these responses are
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rather stark, uninformative, and can be intimidating to site users.
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You may wish to provide custom error responses which are either
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friendlier, or in some language other than English, or perhaps which
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are styled more in line with your site layout.</p>
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<p>Customized error responses can be defined for any HTTP status
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code designated as an error condition - that is, any 4xx or 5xx
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status.</p>
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<p>Additionally, a set of values are provided, so
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that the error document can be customized further based on the
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values of these variables, using <a href="howto/ssi.html">Server
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Side Includes</a>. Or, you can have error conditions handled by a
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cgi program, or other dynamic handler (PHP, mod_perl, etc) which
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makes use of these variables.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#variables">Available Variables</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#custom">Customizing Error Responses</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#multi-lang">Multi Language Custom Error Documents</a></li>
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</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="configuration" id="configuration">Configuration</a></h2>
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<p>Custom error documents are configured using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> directive,
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which may be used in global,
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virtualhost, or directory context. It may be used in .htaccess files
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if <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> is set to
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FileInfo.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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ErrorDocument 500 "Sorry, our script crashed. Oh dear"<br />
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ErrorDocument 500 /cgi-bin/crash-recover<br />
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ErrorDocument 500 http://error.example.com/server_error.html<br />
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ErrorDocument 404 /errors/not_found.html <br />
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ErrorDocument 401 /subscription/how_to_subscribe.html
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</pre>
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<p>The syntax of the <code>ErrorDocument</code> directive is:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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ErrorDocument <3-digit-code> <action>
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</pre>
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<p>where the action will be treated as:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>A local URL to redirect to (if the action begins with a "/").</li>
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<li>An external URL to redirect to (if the action is a valid URL).</li>
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<li>Text to be displayed (if none of the above). The text must be
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wrapped in quotes (") if it consists of more than one word.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>When redirecting to a local URL, additional environment variables
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are set so that the response can be further customized. They are not sent to
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external URLs.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="variables" id="variables">Available Variables</a></h2>
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<p>Redirecting to another URL can be useful, but only if some
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information can be passed which can then be used to explain or log
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the error condition more clearly.</p>
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<p>To achieve this, when the error redirect is sent, additional
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environment variables will be set, which will be generated from
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the headers provided to the original request by prepending
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'REDIRECT_' onto the original header name. This provides the error
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document the context of the original request.</p>
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<p>For example, you might receive, in addition to more usual
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environment variables, the following.</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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REDIRECT_HTTP_ACCEPT=*/*, image/gif, image/jpeg, image/png<br />
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REDIRECT_HTTP_USER_AGENT=Mozilla/5.0 Fedora/3.5.8-1.fc12 Firefox/3.5.8<br />
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REDIRECT_PATH=.:/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin<br />
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REDIRECT_QUERY_STRING=<br />
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REDIRECT_REMOTE_ADDR=121.345.78.123<br />
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REDIRECT_REMOTE_HOST=client.example.com<br />
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REDIRECT_SERVER_NAME=www.example.edu<br />
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REDIRECT_SERVER_PORT=80<br />
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REDIRECT_SERVER_SOFTWARE=Apache/2.2.15<br />
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REDIRECT_URL=/cgi-bin/buggy.pl
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</code></p></div>
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<p><code>REDIRECT_</code> environment variables are created from
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the environment variables which existed prior to the
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redirect. They are renamed with a <code>REDIRECT_</code>
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prefix, <em>i.e.</em>, <code>HTTP_USER_AGENT</code> becomes
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<code>REDIRECT_HTTP_USER_AGENT</code>.</p>
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<p><code>REDIRECT_URL</code>, <code>REDIRECT_STATUS</code>, and
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<code>REDIRECT_QUERY_STRING</code> are guaranteed to be set, and
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the other headers will be set only if they existed prior to the
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error condition.</p>
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<p><strong>None</strong> of these will be
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set if the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errordocument">ErrorDocument</a></code> target is an
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<em>external</em> redirect (anything starting with a
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scheme name like <code>http:</code>, even if it refers to the same host
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as the server).</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="custom" id="custom">Customizing Error Responses</a></h2>
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<p>If you point your <code>ErrorDocument</code> to some variety of
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dynamic handler such as a server-side include document, CGI
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script, or some variety of other handler, you may wish to use the
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available custom environment variables to customize this
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response.</p>
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<p>If the ErrorDocument specifies a local redirect to a CGI
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script, the script should include a "<code>Status:</code>"
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header field in its output in order to ensure the propagation
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all the way back to the client of the error condition that
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caused it to be invoked. For instance, a Perl ErrorDocument
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script might include the following:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-perl">
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...
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print "Content-type: text/html\n"; <br />
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printf "Status: %s Condition Intercepted\n", $ENV{"REDIRECT_STATUS"}; <br />
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...
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</pre>
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<p>If the script is dedicated to handling a particular error
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condition, such as <code>404 Not Found</code>, it can
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use the specific code and error text instead.</p>
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<p>Note that if the response contains <code>Location:</code>
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header (in order to issue a client-side redirect), the script
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<em>must</em> emit an appropriate <code>Status:</code> header
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(such as <code>302 Found</code>). Otherwise the
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<code>Location:</code> header may have no effect.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="multi-lang" id="multi-lang">Multi Language Custom Error Documents</a></h2>
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<p>Provided with your installation of the Apache HTTP Server is a
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directory of custom error documents translated into 16 different
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languages. There's also a configuration file in the
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<code>conf/extra</code> configuration directory that can be included
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to enable this feature.</p>
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<p>In your server configuration file, you'll see a line such as:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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# Multi-language error messages<br />
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#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
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</pre>
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<p>Uncommenting this <code>Include</code> line will enable this
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feature, and provide language-negotiated error messages, based on
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the language preference set in the client browser.</p>
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<p>Additionally, these documents contain various of the
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<code>REDIRECT_</code> variables, so that additional information can
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be provided to the end-user about what happened, and what they can
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do now.</p>
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<p>These documents can be customized to whatever degree you wish to
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provide more useful information to users about your site, and what
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they can expect to find there.</p>
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<p><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>
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must be enabled to use this feature.</p>
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</div></div>
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<div class="bottomlang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/custom-error.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="./es/custom-error.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa<70>ol"> es </a> |
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<a href="./fr/custom-error.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran<61>ais"> fr </a> |
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<a href="./ja/custom-error.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
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<a href="./ko/custom-error.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
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<a href="./tr/custom-error.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T<>rk<72>e"> tr </a></p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2013 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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