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129 lines
5.2 KiB
XML
129 lines
5.2 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
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<!DOCTYPE manualpage SYSTEM "./style/manualpage.dtd">
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="./style/manual.zh-cn.xsl"?>
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<!-- English Revision: 420990:1673945 (outdated) -->
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<!--
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
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this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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-->
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<manualpage metafile="handler.xml.meta">
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<title>Apache 的处理器</title>
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<summary>
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<p>本页描述 Apache 处理器的用法。</p>
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</summary>
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<section id="definition">
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<title>什么是处理器</title>
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<related>
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<modulelist>
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<module>mod_actions</module>
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<module>mod_asis</module>
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<module>mod_cgi</module>
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<module>mod_imagemap</module>
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<module>mod_info</module>
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<module>mod_mime</module>
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<module>mod_negotiation</module>
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<module>mod_status</module>
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</modulelist>
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<directivelist>
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<directive module="mod_actions">Action</directive>
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<directive module="mod_mime">AddHandler</directive>
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<directive module="mod_mime">RemoveHandler</directive>
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<directive module="core">SetHandler</directive>
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</directivelist>
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</related>
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<p>“处理器”是当文件被调用时,Apache 要执行的动作的内部表示形式。
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一般来说,每个文件都有基于其文件类型的隐式处理器。通常的文件会被
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服务器简单处理,但是某些文件类型会被分别“处理”。</p>
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<p>处理器也可以被基于扩展名或位置来明确配置。它们都很有用,这不仅
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因为它是优雅的方案,而且还允许类型<strong>与</strong>处理器关联到文件
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(参见<a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">文件与多个扩展名</a>)。</p>
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<p>处理器可以编译到服务器中,或者包含在模块中,它们还可以被 <directive
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module="mod_actions">Action</directive> 指令增加。标准发行版中内置的处理器有:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>default-handler</strong>: 使用
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<code>default_handler()</code> 发送文件,它是用来处理静态内容的处理器(核心)。</li>
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<li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: 直接发送,不增加 HTTP 头(<module>mod_asis</module>)。</li>
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<li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: 按 CGI 脚本处理(<module>mod_cgi</module>)。</li>
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<li><strong>imap-file</strong>: 按 imagemap 规则处理(<module>mod_imagemap</module>)。</li>
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<li><strong>server-info</strong>: 取得服务器配置信息(<module>mod_info</module>)。</li>
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<li><strong>server-status</strong>: 取得服务器状态报告(<module>mod_status</module>)。</li>
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<li><strong>type-map</strong>: 用于内容协商,按类型映射文件处理(<module>mod_negotiation</module>)。</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="examples">
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<title>例子</title>
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<section id="example1">
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<title>使用 CGI 脚本修改静态内容</title>
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<p>下面的指令将会使具有<code>html</code>扩展名的文件,触发 CGI 脚本<code>footer.pl</code>的执行。</p>
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<example>
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Action add-footer /cgi-bin/footer.pl<br/>
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AddHandler add-footer .html
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</example>
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<p>于是 CGI 负责发送请求的文档(<code>PATH_TRANSLATED</code> 环境变量指向它),按照需要作出 and making
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whatever modifications or additions are desired.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="example2">
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<title>含有 HTTP 头的文件</title>
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<p>下面的指令会启用
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<code>send-as-is</code> 处理器,用于包含自己的 HTTP 的文件。不管什么扩展名,
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所有位于 <code>/web/htdocs/asis/</code> 目录的文件会被
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<code>send-as-is</code> 处理器处理。</p>
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<example>
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<Directory /web/htdocs/asis><br/>
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SetHandler send-as-is<br/>
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</Directory>
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</example>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id="programmer">
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<title>对程序员的说明</title>
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<p>为了实现处理器特性,增加了需要使用的 <a href="developer/API.html">Apache API</a>。
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特别的,结构 <code>request_rec</code> 增加了新成员:</p>
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<example>
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char *handler
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</example>
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<p>如果你想要模块实现处理器,只需要在在处理请求,调用 <code>invoke_handler</code>
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之前,将 <code>r->handler</code> 指向处理器名称。处理器的实现与以前一样,只是用处理器名称取代了内容类型。
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虽然不是必要,处理器的命名约定是使用破折号分割的单词,没有斜杠,从而不侵入媒体类型名称空间。</p>
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</section>
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</manualpage>
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