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346 lines
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346 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<HTML>
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<TITLE>Apache module mod_vhost_alias</TITLE>
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<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
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<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Module mod_vhost_alias</H1>
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<P>
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This module provides support for <A
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HREF="../vhosts/mass.html">dynamically configured mass virtual
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hosting</A>.
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</P>
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<P><A
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HREF="module-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension
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<BR>
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<A
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HREF="module-dict.html#SourceFile"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Source File:</STRONG></A> mod_vhost_alias.c
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<BR>
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<A
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HREF="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module Identifier:</STRONG></A> vhost_alias_module
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<BR>
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<A
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HREF="module-dict.html#Compatibility"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Compatibility:</STRONG></A> Available in Apache 1.3.7 and later.
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</P>
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<h2>Summary</h2>
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<p>This module creates dynamically configured virtual hosts, by
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allowing the IP address and/or the <code>Host:</code> header of the
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HTTP request to be used as part of the pathname to determine what
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files to serve. This allows for easy use of a huge number of virtual
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hosts with similar configurations.</p>
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<H2>Directives</H2>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP</A>
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</UL>
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<p>See also: <a href="core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a>.</p>
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<H2>Directory Name Interpolation</H2>
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<P>
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All the directives in this module interpolate a string into a
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pathname. The interpolated string (henceforth called the "name") may
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be either the server name (see the
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<A HREF="core.html#usecanonicalname"><CODE>UseCanonicalName</CODE></A>
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directive for details on how this is determined) or the IP address of
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the virtual host on the server in dotted-quad format. The
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interpolation is controlled by specifiers inspired by
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<CODE>printf</CODE> which have a number of formats:
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<DL>
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<DT><CODE>%%</CODE>
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<DD>insert a <CODE>%</CODE>
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<DT><CODE>%p</CODE>
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<DD>insert the port number of the virtual host
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<DT><CODE>%N.M</CODE>
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<DD>insert (part of) the name
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</DL>
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</P>
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<P>
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<CODE>N</CODE> and <CODE>M</CODE> are used to specify substrings of
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the name. <CODE>N</CODE> selects from the dot-separated components of
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the name, and <CODE>M</CODE> selects characters within whatever
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<CODE>N</CODE> has selected. <CODE>M</CODE> is optional and defaults
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to zero if it isn't present; the dot must be present if and only if
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<CODE>M</CODE> is present. The interpretation is as follows:
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<DL>
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<DT><CODE>0</CODE>
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<DD>the whole name
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<DT><CODE>1</CODE>
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<DD>the first part
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<DT><CODE>2</CODE>
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<DD>the second part
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<DT><CODE>-1</CODE>
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<DD>the last part
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<DT><CODE>-2</CODE>
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<DD>the penultimate part
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<DT><CODE>2+</CODE>
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<DD>the second and all subsequent parts
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<DT><CODE>-2+</CODE>
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<DD>the penultimate and all preceding parts
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<DT><CODE>1+</CODE> and <CODE>-1+</CODE>
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<DD>the same as <CODE>0</CODE>
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</DL>
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If <CODE>N</CODE> or <CODE>M</CODE> is greater than the number of
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parts available a single underscore is interpolated.
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</P>
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<H3>Examples</H3>
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<P>
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For simple name-based virtual hosts you might use the following
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directives in your server configuration file:
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<PRE>
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UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%0
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</PRE>
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A request for <CODE>http://www.example.com/directory/file.html</CODE>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/www.example.com/directory/file.html</CODE>.
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</P>
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<P>
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For a very large number of virtual hosts it is a good idea to arrange
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the files to reduce the size of the <CODE>vhosts</CODE> directory. To
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do this you might use the following in your configuration file:
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<PRE>
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UseCanonicalName Off
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2
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</PRE>
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A request for <CODE>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</CODE>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/x/a/example/directory/file.html</CODE>.
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A more even spread of files can be achieved by hashing from the end of
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the name, for example:
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<PRE>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.-1/%2.-2/%2.-3/%2
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</PRE>
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The example request would come from
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/l/p/example/directory/file.html</CODE>.
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Alternatively you might use:
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<PRE>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2.4+
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</PRE>
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The example request would come from
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/isp.com/e/x/a/mple/directory/file.html</CODE>.
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</P>
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<P>
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For IP-based virtual hosting you might use the following in your
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configuration file:
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<PRE>
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UseCanonicalName DNS
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VirtualDocumentRootIP /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/docs
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VirtualScriptAliasIP /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/cgi-bin
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</PRE>
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A request for <CODE>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</CODE>
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would be satisfied by the file
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/docs/directory/file.html</CODE> if
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the IP address of <CODE>www.example.com</CODE> were 10.20.30.40.
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A request for <CODE>http://www.example.isp.com/cgi-bin/script.pl</CODE>
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would be satisfied by executing the program
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/cgi-bin/script.pl</CODE>.
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</P>
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<P>
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If you want to include the <CODE>.</CODE> character in a
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<CODE>VirtualDocumentRoot</CODE> directive, but it clashes with a
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<CODE>%</CODE> directive, you can work around the problem in the
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following way:
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<PRE>
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VirtualDocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/vhosts/%2.0.%3.0
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</PRE>
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A request for <CODE>http://www.example.isp.com/directory/file.html</CODE>
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will be satisfied by the file
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<CODE>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.isp/directory/file.html</CODE>.
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</P>
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<P>
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The <A HREF="mod_log_config.html#formats">LogFormat directives</A>
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<CODE>%V</CODE> and <CODE>%A</CODE> are useful in conjunction with
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this module.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot directive</A></H2>
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<P>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> VirtualDocumentRoot <EM>interpolated-directory</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Default"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Default:</STRONG></A> None<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> server config, virtual host<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_vhost_alias<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Compatibility:</STRONG></A> VirtualDocumentRoot is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</P>
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<P>
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The <CODE>VirtualDocumentRoot</CODE> directive allows you to determine
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where Apache will find your documents based on the value of the server
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name. The result of expanding <EM>interpolated-directory</EM> is used
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as the root of the document tree in a similar manner to the
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<A HREF="core.html#documentroot"><CODE>DocumentRoot</CODE></A>
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directive's argument. If <EM>interpolated-directory</EM> is
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<CODE>none</CODE> then <CODE>VirtaulDocumentRoot</CODE> is turned off.
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This directive cannot be used in the same context as
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<A HREF="#virtualdocumentrootip"><CODE>VirtualDocumentRootIP</CODE></A>.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP directive</A></H2>
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<P>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> VirtualDocumentRootIP <EM>interpolated-directory</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Default"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Default:</STRONG></A> None<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> server config, virtual host<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_vhost_alias<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Compatibility:</STRONG></A> VirtualDocumentRootIP is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</P>
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<P>
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The <CODE>VirtualDocumentRootIP</CODE> directive is like the
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<A HREF="#virtualdocumentroot"><CODE>VirtualDocumentRoot</CODE></A> directive,
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except that it uses the IP address of the server end of the connection
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instead of the server name.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias directive</A></H2>
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<P>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> VirtualScriptAlias <EM>interpolated-directory</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Default"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Default:</STRONG></A> None<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> server config, virtual host<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_vhost_alias<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Compatibility:</STRONG></A> VirtualScriptAlias is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</P>
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<P>
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The <CODE>VirtualScriptAlias</CODE> directive allows you to determine
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where Apache will find CGI scripts in a similar manner to
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<A HREF="#virtualdocumentroot"><CODE>VirtualDocumentRoot</CODE></A>
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does for other documents. It matches requests for URIs starting
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<CODE>/cgi-bin/</CODE>, much like
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<CODE><A HREF="mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</A> /cgi-bin/</CODE>
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would.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP directive</A></H2>
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<P>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> VirtualScriptAliasIP <EM>interpolated-directory</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Default"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Default:</STRONG></A> None<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> server config, virtual host<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_vhost_alias<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Compatibility"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Compatibility:</STRONG></A> VirtualScriptAliasIP is only available in 1.3.7 and later.</P>
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<P>
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The <CODE>VirtualScriptAliasIP</CODE> directive is like the
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<A HREF="#virtualscriptalias"><CODE>VirtualScriptAlias</CODE></A> directive,
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except that it uses the IP address of the server end of the connection
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instead of the server name.
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</P>
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<HR>
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<H3 ALIGN="CENTER">
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Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3
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</H3>
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<A HREF="./"><IMG SRC="../images/index.gif" ALT="Index"></A>
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<A HREF="../"><IMG SRC="../images/home.gif" ALT="Home"></A>
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