mirror of
https://github.com/apache/httpd.git
synced 2025-10-30 08:05:39 +03:00
ed488c48e5
Submitted by: pepper@reppep.com Reviewed by: Joshua Slive Grammar fixes from the bug database. git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk@86189 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
268 lines
9.8 KiB
HTML
268 lines
9.8 KiB
HTML
<!--#if expr="$FAQMASTER" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="STANDALONE" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="INCLUDED" value="YES" -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="$QUERY_STRING = TOC" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="TOC" value="YES" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#else -->
|
|
<!--#set var="TOC" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="YES" -->
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#else -->
|
|
<!--#set var="STANDALONE" value="YES" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="INCLUDED" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="TOC" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="" -->
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" -->
|
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
|
|
<HTML>
|
|
<HEAD>
|
|
<TITLE>Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions</TITLE>
|
|
</HEAD>
|
|
<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
|
|
<BODY
|
|
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
|
|
TEXT="#000000"
|
|
LINK="#0000FF"
|
|
VLINK="#000080"
|
|
ALINK="#FF0000"
|
|
>
|
|
<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
|
|
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions</H1>
|
|
<P>
|
|
$Revision: 1.2 $ ($Date: 2000/09/09 18:19:54 $)
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The latest version of this FAQ is always available from the main
|
|
Apache web site, at
|
|
<<A
|
|
HREF="http://www.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html"
|
|
REL="Help"
|
|
><SAMP>http://www.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html</SAMP></A>>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<!-- Notes about changes: -->
|
|
<!-- - If adding a relative link to another part of the -->
|
|
<!-- documentation, *do* include the ".html" portion. There's a -->
|
|
<!-- good chance that the user will be reading the documentation -->
|
|
<!-- on his own system, which may not be configured for -->
|
|
<!-- multiviews. -->
|
|
<!-- - When adding items, make sure they're put in the right place -->
|
|
<!-- - verify that the numbering matches up. -->
|
|
<!-- - *Don't* use <PRE></PRE> blocks - they don't appear -->
|
|
<!-- correctly in a reliable way when this is converted to text -->
|
|
<!-- with Lynx. Use <DL><DD><CODE>xxx<BR>xx</CODE></DD></DL> -->
|
|
<!-- blocks inside a <P></P> instead. This is necessary to get -->
|
|
<!-- the horizontal and vertical indenting right. -->
|
|
<!-- - Don't forget to include an HR tag after the last /P tag -->
|
|
<!-- but before the /LI in an item. -->
|
|
<P>
|
|
If you are reading a text-only version of this FAQ, you may find numbers
|
|
enclosed in brackets (such as "[12]"). These refer to the list of
|
|
reference URLs to be found at the end of the document. These references
|
|
do not appear, and are not needed, for the hypertext version.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<H2>The Questions</H2>
|
|
<OL TYPE="A">
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="$TOC || $STANDALONE" -->
|
|
<LI VALUE="8"><STRONG>URL Rewriting</STRONG>
|
|
<OL>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-more-config">Where can I find mod_rewrite rulesets
|
|
which already solve particular URL-related problems?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-article">Where can I find any published information
|
|
about URL-manipulations and mod_rewrite?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-complexity">Why is mod_rewrite so difficult to learn
|
|
and seems so complicated?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-dontwork">What can I do if my RewriteRules don't work
|
|
as expected?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-prefixdocroot">Why don't some of my URLs get
|
|
prefixed with DocumentRoot when using mod_rewrite?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-nocase">How can I make all my URLs case-insensitive
|
|
with mod_rewrite?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-virthost">Why are RewriteRules in my VirtualHost
|
|
parts ignored?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#rewrite-envwhitespace">How can I use strings with whitespaces
|
|
in RewriteRule's ENV flag?</A>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
</OL>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" -->
|
|
</OL>
|
|
|
|
<HR>
|
|
|
|
<H2>The Answers</H2>
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="! $TOC" -->
|
|
|
|
<H3>H. URL Rewriting</H3>
|
|
<OL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-more-config">
|
|
<STRONG>Where can I find mod_rewrite rulesets which already solve
|
|
particular URL-related problems?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
There is a collection of
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.engelschall.com/pw/apache/rewriteguide/"
|
|
>Practical Solutions for URL-Manipulation</A>
|
|
where you can
|
|
find all typical solutions the author of
|
|
<A HREF="../mod/mod_rewrite.html"><SAMP>mod_rewrite</SAMP></A>
|
|
currently knows of. If you have more
|
|
interesting rulesets which solve particular problems not currently covered in
|
|
this document, send it to
|
|
<A HREF="mailto:rse@apache.org">Ralf S. Engelschall</A>
|
|
for inclusion. The
|
|
other webmasters will thank you for avoiding the reinvention of the wheel.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-article">
|
|
<STRONG>Where can I find any published information about
|
|
URL-manipulations and mod_rewrite?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
There is an article from
|
|
<A HREF="mailto:rse@apache.org"
|
|
>Ralf S. Engelschall</A>
|
|
about URL-manipulations based on
|
|
<A HREF="../mod/mod_rewrite.html"><SAMP>mod_rewrite</SAMP></A>
|
|
in the "iX Multiuser Multitasking Magazin" issue #12/96. The
|
|
german (original) version
|
|
can be read online at
|
|
<<A HREF="http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/9612149/"
|
|
>http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/9612149/</A>>,
|
|
the English (translated) version can be found at
|
|
<<A HREF="http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/E/9612149/"
|
|
>http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/E/9612149/</A>>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-complexity">
|
|
<STRONG>Why is mod_rewrite so difficult to learn and seems so
|
|
complicated?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Hmmm... there are a lot of reasons. First, mod_rewrite itself is a powerful
|
|
module which can help you in really <STRONG>all</STRONG> aspects of URL
|
|
rewriting, so it can be no trivial module per definition. To accomplish
|
|
its hard job it uses software leverage and makes use of a powerful regular
|
|
expression
|
|
library by Henry Spencer which is an integral part of Apache since its
|
|
version 1.2. And regular expressions itself can be difficult to newbies,
|
|
while providing the most flexible power to the advanced hacker.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
On the other hand mod_rewrite has to work inside the Apache API environment
|
|
and needs to do some tricks to fit there. For instance the Apache API as of
|
|
1.x really was not designed for URL rewriting at the <TT>.htaccess</TT>
|
|
level of processing. Or the problem of multiple rewrites in sequence, which
|
|
is also not handled by the API per design. To provide this features
|
|
mod_rewrite has to do some special (but API compliant!) handling which leads
|
|
to difficult processing inside the Apache kernel. While the user usually
|
|
doesn't see anything of this processing, it can be difficult to find
|
|
problems when some of your RewriteRules seem not to work.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-dontwork">
|
|
<STRONG>What can I do if my RewriteRules don't work as expected?
|
|
</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Use "<SAMP>RewriteLog somefile</SAMP>" and
|
|
"<SAMP>RewriteLogLevel 9</SAMP>" and have a precise look at the
|
|
steps the rewriting engine performs. This is really the only one and best
|
|
way to debug your rewriting configuration.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-prefixdocroot"><STRONG>Why don't some of my URLs
|
|
get prefixed with DocumentRoot when using mod_rewrite?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
If the rule starts with <SAMP>/somedir/...</SAMP> make sure that
|
|
really no <SAMP>/somedir</SAMP> exists on the filesystem if you
|
|
don't want to lead the URL to match this directory, <EM>i.e.</EM>,
|
|
there must be no root directory named <SAMP>somedir</SAMP> on the
|
|
filesystem. Because if there is such a directory, the URL will not
|
|
get prefixed with DocumentRoot. This behaviour looks ugly, but is
|
|
really important for some other aspects of URL rewriting.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-nocase">
|
|
<STRONG>How can I make all my URLs case-insensitive with mod_rewrite?
|
|
</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
You can't! The reasons are: first, that, case translations for
|
|
arbitrary length URLs cannot be done <EM>via</EM> regex patterns and
|
|
corresponding substitutions. One needs a per-character pattern like
|
|
the sed/Perl <SAMP>tr|..|..|</SAMP> feature. Second, just making
|
|
URLs always upper or lower case does not solve the whole problem of
|
|
case-INSENSITIVE URLs, because URLs actually have to be rewritten to
|
|
the correct case-variant for the file residing on the filesystem
|
|
in order to allow Apache to access the file. And
|
|
the Unix filesystem is always case-SENSITIVE.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
But there is a module named <CODE><A
|
|
HREF="../mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling.c</A></CODE> in the
|
|
Apache distribution. Try this module to help correct people who use
|
|
mis-cased URLs.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-virthost">
|
|
<STRONG> Why are RewriteRules in my VirtualHost parts ignored?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Because you have to enable the engine for every virtual host explicitly due
|
|
to security concerns. Just add a "RewriteEngine on" to your
|
|
virtual host configuration parts.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="rewrite-envwhitespace">
|
|
<STRONG> How can I use strings with whitespaces in RewriteRule's ENV
|
|
flag?</STRONG>
|
|
</A>
|
|
<P>
|
|
There is only one ugly solution: You have to surround the complete
|
|
flag argument by quotation marks (<SAMP>"[E=...]"</SAMP>). Notice:
|
|
The argument to quote here is not the argument to the E-flag, it is
|
|
the argument of the Apache config file parser, <EM>i.e.</EM>, the
|
|
third argument of the RewriteRule here. So you have to write
|
|
<SAMP>"[E=any text with whitespaces]"</SAMP>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
</LI>
|
|
|
|
</OL>
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|
|
<!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" -->
|
|
<!-- Don't forget to add HR tags at the end of each list item.. -->
|
|
|
|
<!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
|
|
</BODY>
|
|
</HTML>
|
|
<!--#endif -->
|