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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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<title>mod_authn_dbd - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<body>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authn_dbd</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authn_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>User authentication using an SQL database</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>authn_dbd_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>mod_authn_dbd.c</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module provides authentication front-ends such as
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code>
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to authenticate users by looking up users in SQL tables.
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Similar functionality is provided by, for example,
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_file.html">mod_authn_file</a></code>.</p>
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<p>This module relies on <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> to specify
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the backend database driver and connection parameters, and
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manage the database connections.</p>
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<p>When using <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> or
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code>, this module is invoked via the
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code> or
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></code>
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with the <code>dbd</code> value.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbduserpwquery">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbduserrealmquery">AuthDBDUserRealmQuery</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#socache">Performance and Cacheing</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">Configuration Example</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#exposed">Exposing Login Information</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Preventing SQL injections</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_core.html#authname">AuthName</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_core.html#authtype">AuthType</a></code></li>
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<li>
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html#authbasicprovider">AuthBasicProvider</a></code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html#authdigestprovider">AuthDigestProvider</a></code>
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</li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdriver">DBDriver</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdparams">DBDParams</a></code></li>
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<li><a href="../misc/password_encryptions.html">Password Formats</a></li>
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</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="socache" id="socache">Performance and Cacheing</a></h2>
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<p>Some users of DBD authentication in HTTPD 2.2/2.4 have reported that it
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imposes a problematic load on the database. This is most likely where
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an HTML page contains hundreds of objects (e.g. images, scripts, etc)
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each of which requires authentication. Users affected (or concerned)
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by this kind of problem should use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_socache.html">mod_authn_socache</a></code>
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to cache credentials and take most of the load off the database.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="example" id="example">Configuration Example</a></h2>
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<p>This simple example shows use of this module in the context of
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the Authentication and DBD frameworks.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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# mod_dbd configuration
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# UPDATED to include authentication cacheing
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DBDriver pgsql
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DBDParams "dbname=apacheauth user=apache password=xxxxxx"
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DBDMin 4
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DBDKeep 8
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DBDMax 20
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DBDExptime 300
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<Directory /usr/www/myhost/private>
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# mod_authn_core and mod_auth_basic configuration
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# for mod_authn_dbd
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AuthType Basic
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AuthName "My Server"
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# To cache credentials, put socache ahead of dbd here
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AuthBasicProvider socache dbd
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# Also required for caching: tell the cache to cache dbd lookups!
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AuthnCacheProvideFor dbd
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AuthnCacheContext my-server
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# mod_authz_core configuration
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Require valid-user
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# mod_authn_dbd SQL query to authenticate a user
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AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
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</Directory>
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</pre>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="exposed" id="exposed">Exposing Login Information</a></h2>
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<p>
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If httpd was built against <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> version 1.3.0
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or higher, then whenever a query is made to the database server, all
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column values in the first row returned by the query are placed in the
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environment, using environment variables with the prefix "AUTHENTICATE_".
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</p>
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<p>If a database query for example returned the username, full name
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and telephone number of a user, a CGI program will have access to
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this information without the need to make a second independent database
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query to gather this additional information.</p>
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<p>This has the potential to dramatically simplify the coding and
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configuration required in some web applications.
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</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="security" id="security">Preventing SQL injections</a></h2>
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<p>Whether you need to care about SQL security depends on what DBD driver
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and backend you use. With most drivers you don't have to do anything :
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the statement is prepared by the database at startup, and user input is
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used only as data. But you may need to untaint your input. At the time
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of writing, the only driver that requires you to take care is FreeTDS.</p>
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<p>Please read <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> documentation for more information
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about security on this scope.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBDUserPWQuery" id="AuthDBDUserPWQuery">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</a> <a name="authdbduserpwquery" id="authdbduserpwquery">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>SQL query to look up a password for a user</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBDUserPWQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</code> specifies an
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SQL query to look up a password for a specified user. The user's ID
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will be passed as a single string parameter when the SQL query is
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executed. It may be referenced within the query statement using
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a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
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</pre>
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<p>The first column value of the first row returned by the query
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statement should be a string containing the encrypted password.
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Subsequent rows will be ignored. If no rows are returned, the user
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will not be authenticated through <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.</p>
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<p>If httpd was built against <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> version 1.3.0
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or higher, any additional column values in the first row returned by
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the query statement will be stored as environment variables with
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names of the form <code>AUTHENTICATE_<var>COLUMN</var></code>.
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</p>
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<p>The encrypted password format depends on which authentication
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frontend (e.g. <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> or
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code>) is being used. See <a href="../misc/password_encryptions.html">Password Formats</a> for
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more information.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBDUserRealmQuery" id="AuthDBDUserRealmQuery">AuthDBDUserRealmQuery</a> <a name="authdbduserrealmquery" id="authdbduserrealmquery">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>SQL query to look up a password hash for a user and realm.
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</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBDUserRealmQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authn_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">AuthDBDUserRealmQuery</code> specifies an
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SQL query to look up a password for a specified user and realm in a
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digest authentication process.
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The user's ID and the realm, in that order, will be passed as string
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parameters when the SQL query is executed. They may be referenced
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within the query statement using <code>%s</code> format specifiers.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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AuthDBDUserRealmQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s AND realm = %s"
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</pre>
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<p>The first column value of the first row returned by the query
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statement should be a string containing the encrypted password.
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Subsequent rows will be ignored. If no rows are returned, the user
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will not be authenticated through <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.</p>
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<p>If httpd was built against <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> version 1.3.0
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or higher, any additional column values in the first row returned by
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the query statement will be stored as environment variables with
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names of the form <code>AUTHENTICATE_<var>COLUMN</var></code>.
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</p>
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<p>The encrypted password format depends on which authentication
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frontend (e.g. <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_basic.html">mod_auth_basic</a></code> or
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code>) is being used. See <a href="../misc/password_encryptions.html">Password Formats</a> for
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more information.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="bottomlang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authn_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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