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221 lines
8.0 KiB
HTML
221 lines
8.0 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Apache module mod_auth_db</TITLE>
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</HEAD>
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<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
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<BODY
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#000080"
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ALINK="#FF0000"
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>
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<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
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<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Module mod_auth_db</H1>
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This module is contained in the <CODE>mod_auth_db.c</CODE> file, and
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is not compiled in by default. It provides for user authentication using
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Berkeley DB files. It is an alternative to <A HREF="mod_auth_dbm.html">DBM</A>
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files for those systems which support DB and not DBM. It is only
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available in Apache 1.1 and later.
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<P>
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On some BSD systems (<EM>e.g.</EM>, FreeBSD and NetBSD) dbm is automatically mapped to
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Berkeley DB. You can use either <A HREF="mod_auth_dbm.html">mod_auth_dbm</A>
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or mod_auth_db. The latter makes it more obvious that it's Berkeley DB. On
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other platforms where you want to use the DB library you usually have to
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install it first. See
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<A HREF="http://www.sleepycat.com/">http://www.sleepycat.com/</A> for the
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distribution. The interface this module uses is the one from DB version 1.85
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and 1.86, but DB version 2.x can also be used when compatibility mode is
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enabled.
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<MENU>
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<LI><A HREF="#authdbgroupfile">AuthDBGroupFile</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#authdbuserfile">AuthDBUserFile</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#authdbauthoritative">AuthDBAuthoritative</A>
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</MENU>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="authdbgroupfile">AuthDBGroupFile</A></H2>
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<!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt AuthDBGroupFile} directive> -->
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> AuthDBGroupFile <EM>filename</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> directory, .htaccess<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Override"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Override:</STRONG></A> AuthConfig<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_auth_db<P>
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The AuthDBGroupFile directive sets the name of a DB file containing the list
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of user groups for user authentication. <EM>Filename</EM> is the absolute path
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to the group file.<P>
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The group file is keyed on the username. The value for a user is a
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comma-separated list of the groups to which the users belongs. There must
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be no whitespace within the value, and it must never contain any colons.<P>
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Security: make sure that the AuthDBGroupFile is stored outside the
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document tree of the web-server; do <EM>not</EM> put it in the directory that
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it protects. Otherwise, clients will be able to download the
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AuthDBGroupFile unless otherwise protected.<P>
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Combining Group and Password DB files: In some cases it is easier to
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manage a single database which contains both the password and group
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details for each user. This simplifies any support programs that need
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to be written: they now only have to deal with writing to and locking
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a single DBM file. This can be accomplished by first setting the group
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and password files to point to the same DB file:<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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AuthDBGroupFile /www/userbase<BR>
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AuthDBUserFile /www/userbase
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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The key for the single DB record is the username. The value consists of <P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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Unix Crypt-ed Password : List of Groups [ : (ignored) ]
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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The password section contains the Unix crypt() password as before. This is
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followed by a colon and the comma separated list of groups. Other data may
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optionally be left in the DB file after another colon; it is ignored by the
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authentication module. <P>
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See also <A HREF="core.html#authname">AuthName</A>,
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<A HREF="core.html#authtype">AuthType</A> and
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<A HREF="#authdbuserfile">AuthDBUserFile</A>.<P><HR>
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<H2><A NAME="authdbuserfile">AuthDBUserFile</A></H2>
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<!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt AuthDBUserFile} directive> -->
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> AuthDBUserFile <EM>filename</EM><BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> directory, .htaccess<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Override"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Override:</STRONG></A> AuthConfig<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Extension<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_auth_db<P>
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The AuthDBUserFile directive sets the name of a DB file containing the list
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of users and passwords for user authentication. <EM>Filename</EM> is the
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absolute path to the user file.<P>
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The user file is keyed on the username. The value for a user is the
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crypt() encrypted password, optionally followed by a colon and
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arbitrary data. The colon and the data following it will be ignored
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by the server.<P>
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Security: make sure that the AuthDBUserFile is stored outside the
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document tree of the web-server; do <EM>not</EM> put it in the directory that
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it protects. Otherwise, clients will be able to download the
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AuthDBUserFile.<P>
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Important compatibility note: The implementation of "dbmopen" in the
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apache modules reads the string length of the hashed values from the
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DB data structures, rather than relying upon the string being
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NULL-appended. Some applications, such as the Netscape web server,
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rely upon the string being NULL-appended, so if you are having trouble
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using DB files interchangeably between applications this may be a
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part of the problem. <P>
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See also <A HREF="core.html#authname">AuthName</A>,
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<A HREF="core.html#authtype">AuthType</A> and
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<A HREF="#authdbgroupfile">AuthDBGroupFile</A>.<P>
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<HR>
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<H2><A NAME="authdbauthoritative">AuthDBAuthoritative</A></H2>
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<!--%plaintext <?INDEX {\tt AuthDBAuthoritative} directive> -->
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Syntax"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Syntax:</STRONG></A> AuthDBAuthoritative <
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<STRONG> on</STRONG>(default) | off > <BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Context"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Context:</STRONG></A> directory, .htaccess<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Override"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Override:</STRONG></A> AuthConfig<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Status"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Status:</STRONG></A> Base<BR>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Module"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Module:</STRONG></A> mod_auth<P>
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Setting the AuthDBAuthoritative directive explicitly to <STRONG>'off'</STRONG>
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allows for both authentication and authorization to be passed on
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to lower level modules (as defined in the <CODE>Configuration</CODE>
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and <CODE>modules.c</CODE> file if there is <STRONG>no userID</STRONG> or
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<STRONG>rule</STRONG> matching the supplied userID. If there is a userID
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and/or rule specified; the usual password and access checks will
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be applied and a failure will give an Authorization Required reply.
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<P>
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So if a userID appears in the database of more than one module; or
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if a valid require directive applies to more than one module; then
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the first module will verify the credentials; and no access is
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passed on; regardless of the AuthAuthoritative setting. <P>
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A common use for this is in conjunction with one of the basic auth
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modules; such as <A HREF="mod_auth.html"><CODE>mod_auth.c</CODE></A>.
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Whereas this DB module supplies the bulk of the user credential
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checking; a few (administrator) related accesses fall through to
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a lower level with a well protected .htpasswd file. <P>
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<A
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HREF="directive-dict.html#Default"
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REL="Help"
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><STRONG>Default:</STRONG></A> By default; control is not passed on; and an
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unknown
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userID or rule will result in an Authorization Required reply. Not
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setting it thus keeps the system secure; and forces an NCSA compliant
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behaviour. <P>
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Security: Do consider the implications of allowing a user to allow
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fall-through in his .htaccess file; and verify that this is really
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what you want; Generally it is easier to just secure a single
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.htpasswd file, than it is to secure a database which might have
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more access interfaces.
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<P>
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See also <A HREF="core.html#authname">AuthName</A>,
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<A HREF="core.html#authtype">AuthType</A> and
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<A HREF="#authdbgroupfile">AuthDBGroupFile</A>.<P>
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<!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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