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992 lines
73 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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-->
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<title>mpm_common - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache MPM Common Directives</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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<a href="../en/mod/mpm_common.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../ja/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>A collection of directives that are implemented by
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more than one multi-processing module (MPM)</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr></table>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#coredumpdirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enableexceptionhook">EnableExceptionHook</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#gracefulshutdowntimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#group">Group</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#listen">Listen</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#listenbacklog">ListenBackLog</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxmemfree">MaxMemFree</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxrequestsperchild">MaxRequestsPerChild</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxsparethreads">MaxSpareThreads</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#pidfile">PidFile</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#receivebuffersize">ReceiveBufferSize</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scoreboardfile">ScoreBoardFile</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sendbuffersize">SendBufferSize</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startthreads">StartThreads</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#threadstacksize">ThreadStackSize</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#user">User</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AcceptMutex" id="AcceptMutex">AcceptMutex</a> <a name="acceptmutex" id="acceptmutex">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Method that Apache uses to serialize multiple children
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accepting requests on network sockets</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AcceptMutex Default|<var>method</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AcceptMutex Default</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">AcceptMutex</code> directives sets the
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method (and lockfile location if appropriate) that Apache uses to
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serialize multiple children accepting
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requests on network sockets. Prior to Apache 2.0, the method was
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selectable only at compile time. The optimal method to use is
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highly architecture and platform dependent. For further details,
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see the <a href="../misc/perf-tuning.html">performance tuning</a>
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documentation.</p>
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<p>If this directive is set to <code>Default</code>, then the
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compile-time selected default will be used. Other possible
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methods are listed below. Note that not all methods are
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available on all platforms. If a method is specified which is
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not available, a message will be written to the error log
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listing the available methods.</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>flock<<var>:/path/to/lockfile</var>></code></dt>
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<dd>uses the <code>flock(2)</code> system call to lock the
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file defined by the optional <var>/path/to/lockfile</var>
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parameter. One can also use the <code class="directive"><a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></code> directive to specify the lockfile,
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although this is deprecated.</dd>
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<dt><code>fcntl<<var>:/path/to/lockfile</var>></code></dt>
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<dd>uses the <code>fcntl(2)</code> system call to lock the
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file defined by the optional <var>/path/to/lockfile</var>
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parameter. One can also use the <code class="directive"><a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></code> directive to specify the lockfile,
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although this is deprecated.</dd>
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<dt><code>file<<var>:/path/to/lockfile</var>></code></dt>
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<dd>This directive tells Apache to pick the "best" file locking
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implementation available to it, choosing between <code>fcntl</code> and
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<code>flock</code>, in that order. It is only available when the underlying
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platform and <a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports at least one of the 2.</dd>
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<dt><code>posixsem</code></dt>
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<dd>uses POSIX compatible semaphores to implement the mutex.</dd>
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<dt><code>sysvsem</code></dt>
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<dd>uses SySV-style semaphores to implement the mutex.</dd>
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<dt><code>sem</code></dt>
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<dd>This directive tells Apache to pick the "best" semaphore
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implementation available to it, choosing between Posix and SystemV IPC,
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in that order. It is only available when the underlying platform and
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<a class="glossarylink" href="../glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports at least one of the 2.</dd>
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<dt><code>pthread</code></dt>
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<dd>uses POSIX mutexes as implemented by the POSIX Threads
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(PThreads) specification.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>If you want to find out the compile time chosen default
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for your system, you may set your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> to <code>debug</code>. Then the default <code class="directive">AcceptMutex</code> will be written into the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code>.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Warning</h3>
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<p>On most systems, when the <code>pthread</code> option
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is selected, if a child process terminates abnormally
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while holding the <code>AcceptCntl</code> mutex the
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server will stop responding to requests. When this
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occurs, the server will require a manual restart to
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recover.</p>
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<p>Solaris is a notable exception as it provides a
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mechanism, used by Apache, which usually allows the
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mutex to be recovered after a child process terminates
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abnormally while holding a mutex.</p>
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<p>If your system implements the
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<code>pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np()</code> function,
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you may be able to use the <code>pthread</code> option safely.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CoreDumpDirectory" id="CoreDumpDirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a> <a name="coredumpdirectory" id="coredumpdirectory">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Directory where Apache attempts to
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switch before dumping core</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CoreDumpDirectory <var>directory</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for the default setting</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>This controls the directory to which Apache attempts to
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switch before dumping core. The default is in the
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> directory, however
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since this should not be writable by the user the server runs
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as, core dumps won't normally get written. If you want a core
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dump for debugging, you can use this directive to place it in a
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different location.</p>
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<div class="note"><h3>Core Dumps on Linux</h3>
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<p>If Apache starts as root and switches to another user, the
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Linux kernel <em>disables</em> core dumps even if the directory is
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writable for the process. Apache (2.0.46 and later) reenables core dumps
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on Linux 2.4 and beyond, but only if you explicitly configure a <code class="directive">CoreDumpDirectory</code>.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="EnableExceptionHook" id="EnableExceptionHook">EnableExceptionHook</a> <a name="enableexceptionhook" id="enableexceptionhook">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enables a hook that runs exception handlers
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after a crash</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>EnableExceptionHook On|Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>EnableExceptionHook Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.49 and later</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>For safety reasons this directive is only available if the server was
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configured with the <code>--enable-exception-hook</code> option. It
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enables a hook that allows external modules to plug in and do something
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after a child crashed.</p>
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<p>There are already two modules, <code>mod_whatkilledus</code> and
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<code>mod_backtrace</code> that make use of this hook. Please have a
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look at Jeff Trawick's <a href="http://www.apache.org/~trawick/exception_hook.html">EnableExceptionHook site</a> for more information about these.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="GracefulShutdownTimeout" id="GracefulShutdownTimeout">GracefulShutdownTimeout</a> <a name="gracefulshutdowntimeout" id="gracefulshutdowntimeout">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify a timeout after which a gracefully shutdown server
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will exit.</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>GracefulShutDownTimeout <var>seconds</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>GracefulShutDownTimeout 0</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/event.html">event</a></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.2 and later</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">GracefulShutdownTimeout</code> specifies
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how many seconds after receiving a "graceful-stop" signal, a
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server should continue to run, handling the existing connections.</p>
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<p>Setting this value to zero means that the server will wait
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indefinitely until all remaining requests have been fully served.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Group" id="Group">Group</a> <a name="group" id="group">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group under which the server will answer
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requests</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Group <var>unix-group</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Group #-1</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Only valid in global server config since Apache
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2.0</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">Group</code> directive sets the group under
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which the server will answer requests. In order to use this
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directive, the server must be run initially as <code>root</code>. If
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you start the server as a non-root user, it will fail to change to the
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specified group, and will instead continue to run as the group of the
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original user. <var>Unix-group</var> is one of:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt>A group name</dt>
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<dd>Refers to the given group by name.</dd>
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<dt><code>#</code> followed by a group number.</dt>
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<dd>Refers to a group by its number.</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
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Group www-group
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</code></p></div>
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<p>It is recommended that you set up a new group specifically for
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running the server. Some admins use user <code>nobody</code>,
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but this is not always possible or desirable.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
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<p>Don't set <code class="directive">Group</code> (or <code class="directive"><a href="#user">User</a></code>) to <code>root</code> unless
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you know exactly what you are doing, and what the dangers are.</p>
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</div>
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<p>Special note: Use of this directive in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> is no longer supported. To
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configure your server for <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> use
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code>.</p>
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<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
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<p>Although the <code class="directive">Group</code> directive is present
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in the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> MPMs,
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it is actually a no-op there and only exists for compatibility
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reasons.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Listen" id="Listen">Listen</a> <a name="listen" id="listen">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>IP addresses and ports that the server
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listens to</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Listen [<var>IP-address</var>:]<var>portnumber</var> [<var>protocol</var>]</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/event.html">event</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Required directive since Apache 2.0<br />
|
|
The <var>protocol</var> argument was added in 2.1.5</td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">Listen</code> directive instructs Apache to
|
|
listen to only specific IP addresses or ports; by default it
|
|
responds to requests on all IP interfaces. <code class="directive">Listen</code>
|
|
is now a required directive. If it is not in the config file, the
|
|
server will fail to start. This is a change from previous versions
|
|
of Apache.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">Listen</code> directive tells the server to
|
|
accept incoming requests on the specified port or address-and-port
|
|
combination. If only a port number is specified, the server listens to
|
|
the given port on all interfaces. If an IP address is given as well
|
|
as a port, the server will listen on the given port and
|
|
interface.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Multiple <code class="directive">Listen</code> directives may be used to
|
|
specify a number of addresses and ports to listen to. The server will
|
|
respond to requests from any of the listed addresses and ports.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For example, to make the server accept connections on both
|
|
port 80 and port 8000, use:</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
|
Listen 80<br />
|
|
Listen 8000
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<p>To make the server accept connections on two specified
|
|
interfaces and port numbers, use </p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
|
Listen 192.170.2.1:80<br />
|
|
Listen 192.170.2.5:8000
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<p>IPv6 addresses must be surrounded in square brackets, as in the
|
|
following example:</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
|
Listen [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<p>The optional <var>protocol</var> argument is not required for most
|
|
configurations. If not specified, <code>https</code> is the default for
|
|
port 443 and <code>http</code> the default for all other ports. The
|
|
protocol is used to determine which module should handle a request, and
|
|
to apply protocol specific optimizations with the
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#acceptfilter">AcceptFilter</a></code> directive.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>You only need to set the protocol if you are running on non-standard
|
|
ports. For example, running an <code>https</code> site on port 8443:</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
|
Listen 192.170.2.1:8443 https
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Error condition</h3>
|
|
Multiple <code class="directive">Listen</code> directives for the same ip
|
|
address and port will result in an <code>Address already in use</code>
|
|
error message.
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS Issues</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="../bind.html">Setting which addresses and ports Apache
|
|
uses</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ListenBackLog" id="ListenBackLog">ListenBackLog</a> <a name="listenbacklog" id="listenbacklog">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum length of the queue of pending connections</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ListenBacklog <var>backlog</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ListenBacklog 511</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The maximum length of the queue of pending connections.
|
|
Generally no tuning is needed or desired, however on some
|
|
systems it is desirable to increase this when under a TCP SYN
|
|
flood attack. See the backlog parameter to the
|
|
<code>listen(2)</code> system call.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>This will often be limited to a smaller number by the
|
|
operating system. This varies from OS to OS. Also note that
|
|
many OSes do not use exactly what is specified as the backlog,
|
|
but use a number based on (but normally larger than) what is
|
|
set.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LockFile" id="LockFile">LockFile</a> <a name="lockfile" id="lockfile">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Location of the accept serialization lock file <em>(deprecated)</em></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LockFile <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LockFile logs/accept.lock</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">LockFile</code> directive sets the path to
|
|
the lockfile used when Apache is used with an <code class="directive"><a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></code> value of either
|
|
<code>fcntl</code> or <code>flock</code>. This directive should
|
|
normally be left at its default value. The main reason for changing
|
|
it is if the <code>logs</code> directory is NFS mounted, since
|
|
<strong>the lockfile must be stored on a local disk</strong>. The PID
|
|
of the main server process is automatically appended to the
|
|
filename.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
|
<p>It is best to <em>avoid</em> putting this file in a world writable
|
|
directory such as <code>/var/tmp</code> because someone could create
|
|
a denial of service attack and prevent the server from starting by
|
|
creating a lockfile with the same name as the one the server will try
|
|
to create.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="warning"><h3>Deprecated</h3>
|
|
<p>This directive is deprecated. It is strongly suggested that
|
|
you use <code class="directive"><a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></code> to
|
|
specify both the mutex locking implementation as well as
|
|
the lockfile location.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxClients" id="MaxClients">MaxClients</a> <a name="maxclients" id="maxclients">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum number of child processes that will be created
|
|
to serve requests</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxClients <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> directive sets the limit
|
|
on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Any
|
|
connection attempts over the <code class="directive">MaxClients</code>
|
|
limit will normally be queued, up to a number based on the
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="#listenbacklog">ListenBacklog</a></code>
|
|
directive. Once a child process is freed at the end of a different
|
|
request, the connection will then be serviced.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For non-threaded servers (<em>i.e.</em>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>),
|
|
<code class="directive">MaxClients</code> translates into the maximum
|
|
number of child processes that will be launched to serve requests.
|
|
The default value is <code>256</code>; to increase it, you must also raise
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For threaded and hybrid servers (<em>e.g.</em> <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>
|
|
or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>) <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> restricts
|
|
the total number of threads that will be available to serve clients.
|
|
The default value for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>50</code>. For
|
|
hybrid MPMs the default value is <code>16</code> (<code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>) multiplied by the value of
|
|
<code>25</code> (<code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>). Therefore, to increase <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> to a value that requires more than 16 processes,
|
|
you must also raise <code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxMemFree" id="MaxMemFree">MaxMemFree</a> <a name="maxmemfree" id="maxmemfree">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum amount of memory that the main allocator is allowed
|
|
to hold without calling <code>free()</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxMemFree <var>KBytes</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>MaxMemFree 0</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">MaxMemFree</code> directive sets the
|
|
maximum number of free Kbytes that the main allocator is allowed
|
|
to hold without calling <code>free()</code>. When not set, or when set
|
|
to zero, the threshold will be set to unlimited.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxRequestsPerChild" id="MaxRequestsPerChild">MaxRequestsPerChild</a> <a name="maxrequestsperchild" id="maxrequestsperchild">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Limit on the number of requests that an individual child server
|
|
will handle during its life</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxRequestsPerChild <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>MaxRequestsPerChild 10000</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> directive sets
|
|
the limit on the number of requests that an individual child
|
|
server process will handle. After
|
|
<code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> requests, the child
|
|
process will die. If <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> is
|
|
<code>0</code>, then the process will never expire.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Different default values</h3>
|
|
<p>The default value for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> is <code>0</code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>Setting <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> to a
|
|
non-zero limit has two beneficial effects:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>it limits the amount of memory that process can consume
|
|
by (accidental) memory leakage;</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>by giving processes a finite lifetime, it helps reduce
|
|
the number of processes when the server load reduces.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
|
<p>For <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a></code> requests, only
|
|
the first request is counted towards this limit. In effect, it
|
|
changes the behavior to limit the number of <em>connections</em> per
|
|
child.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxSpareThreads" id="MaxSpareThreads">MaxSpareThreads</a> <a name="maxsparethreads" id="maxsparethreads">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum number of idle threads</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxSpareThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>Maximum number of idle threads. Different MPMs deal with this
|
|
directive differently.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> the default is
|
|
<code>MaxSpareThreads 10</code>. This MPM monitors the number of
|
|
idle threads on a per-child basis. If there are too many idle
|
|
threads in that child, the server will begin to kill threads
|
|
within that child.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> the default is <code>MaxSpareThreads 250</code>.
|
|
These MPMs deal with idle threads on a server-wide basis. If there
|
|
are too many idle threads in the server then child processes are
|
|
killed until the number of idle threads is less than this number.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> the default is
|
|
<code>MaxSpareThreads 100</code>. Since this MPM runs a
|
|
single-process, the spare thread count is also server-wide.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> work
|
|
similar to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>. The default for
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>MaxSpareThreads 50</code>. For
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> the default value is <code>10</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Restrictions</h3>
|
|
<p>The range of the <code class="directive">MaxSpareThreads</code> value
|
|
is restricted. Apache will correct the given value automatically
|
|
according to the following rules:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> requires <code class="directive">MaxSpareThreads</code> to be less or equal than <code class="directive"><a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></code>.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> wants the value to be greater than
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code>.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> the value must be greater or equal than
|
|
the sum of <code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code>
|
|
and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MinSpareThreads" id="MinSpareThreads">MinSpareThreads</a> <a name="minsparethreads" id="minsparethreads">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Minimum number of idle threads available to handle request
|
|
spikes</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MinSpareThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>Minimum number of idle threads to handle request spikes.
|
|
Different MPMs deal with this directive
|
|
differently.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> uses a default of
|
|
<code>MinSpareThreads 5</code> and monitors the number of idle
|
|
threads on a per-child basis. If there aren't enough idle threads
|
|
in that child, the server will begin to create new threads within
|
|
that child. Thus, if you set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#numservers">NumServers</a></code> to <code>10</code> and a <code class="directive">MinSpareThreads</code> value of <code>5</code>, you'll have
|
|
at least 50 idle threads on your system.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> use a default of <code>MinSpareThreads
|
|
75</code> and deal with idle threads on a server-wide basis. If
|
|
there aren't enough idle threads in the server then child
|
|
processes are created until the number of idle threads is greater
|
|
than number.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> uses a default of
|
|
<code>MinSpareThreads 10</code> and, since it is a single-process
|
|
MPM, tracks this on a server-wide bases.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> work
|
|
similar to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>. The default for
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>MinSpareThreads 1</code>. For
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> the default value is <code>5</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#maxsparethreads">MaxSpareThreads</a></code></li>
|
|
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></code></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="PidFile" id="PidFile">PidFile</a> <a name="pidfile" id="pidfile">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>File where the server records the process ID
|
|
of the daemon</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>PidFile <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>PidFile logs/httpd.pid</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">PidFile</code> directive sets the file to
|
|
which the server records the process id of the daemon. If the
|
|
filename is not absolute then it is assumed to be relative to the
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
|
PidFile /var/run/apache.pid
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<p>It is often useful to be able to send the server a signal,
|
|
so that it closes and then re-opens its <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</a></code>, and
|
|
re-reads its configuration files. This is done by sending a
|
|
SIGHUP (kill -1) signal to the process id listed in the
|
|
<code class="directive">PidFile</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">PidFile</code> is subject to the same
|
|
warnings about log file placement and <a href="../misc/security_tips.html#serverroot">security</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
|
<p>As of Apache 2 it is recommended to use only the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script for (re-)starting or stopping the server.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ReceiveBufferSize" id="ReceiveBufferSize">ReceiveBufferSize</a> <a name="receivebuffersize" id="receivebuffersize">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>TCP receive buffer size</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ReceiveBufferSize <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ReceiveBufferSize 0</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The server will set the TCP receive buffer size to the number of
|
|
bytes specified.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If set to the value of <code>0</code>, the server will use the
|
|
OS default.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScoreBoardFile" id="ScoreBoardFile">ScoreBoardFile</a> <a name="scoreboardfile" id="scoreboardfile">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Location of the file used to store coordination data for
|
|
the child processes</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScoreBoardFile <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_status</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>Apache uses a scoreboard to communicate between its parent
|
|
and child processes. Some architectures require a file to facilitate
|
|
this communication. If the file is left unspecified, Apache first
|
|
attempts to create the scoreboard entirely in memory (using anonymous
|
|
shared memory) and, failing that, will attempt to create the file on
|
|
disk (using file-based shared memory). Specifying this directive causes
|
|
Apache to always create the file on the disk.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
|
|
ScoreBoardFile /var/run/apache_status
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
|
|
<p>File-based shared memory is useful for third-party applications
|
|
that require direct access to the scoreboard.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If you use a <code class="directive">ScoreBoardFile</code> then
|
|
you may see improved speed by placing it on a RAM disk. But be
|
|
careful that you heed the same warnings about log file placement
|
|
and <a href="../misc/security_tips.html">security</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="../stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting
|
|
Apache</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SendBufferSize" id="SendBufferSize">SendBufferSize</a> <a name="sendbuffersize" id="sendbuffersize">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>TCP buffer size</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SendBufferSize <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SendBufferSize 0</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The server will set the TCP send buffer size to the number of bytes
|
|
specified. Very useful to increase past standard OS defaults on
|
|
high speed high latency (<em>i.e.</em>, 100ms or so, such as
|
|
transcontinental fast pipes).</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>If set to the value of <code>0</code>, the server will use the
|
|
OS default.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ServerLimit" id="ServerLimit">ServerLimit</a> <a name="serverlimit" id="serverlimit">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Upper limit on configurable number of processes</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ServerLimit <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>For the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> MPM, this directive sets the
|
|
maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> for the lifetime of the
|
|
Apache process. For the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> MPM, this directive
|
|
in combination with <code class="directive"><a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></code> sets
|
|
the maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> for the lifetime of the
|
|
Apache process. Any attempts to change this directive during a
|
|
restart will be ignored, but <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> can be modified during
|
|
a restart.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Special care must be taken when using this directive. If
|
|
<code class="directive">ServerLimit</code> is set to a value much higher
|
|
than necessary, extra, unused shared memory will be allocated. If
|
|
both <code class="directive">ServerLimit</code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> are set to values
|
|
higher than the system can handle, Apache may not start or the
|
|
system may become unstable.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> MPM, use this directive only
|
|
if you need to set <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> higher than 256 (default).
|
|
Do not set the value of this directive any higher than what you
|
|
might want to set <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> to.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>With <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> use this directive only
|
|
if your <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>
|
|
settings require more than 16 server processes (default). Do not set
|
|
the value of this directive any higher than the number of server
|
|
processes required by what you may want for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients ">MaxClients </a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> MPM, use this directive only
|
|
if you need to set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#numservers">NumServers</a></code> higher than 8 (default).</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
|
<p>There is a hard limit of <code>ServerLimit 20000</code> compiled
|
|
into the server (for the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> MPM 200000). This is
|
|
intended to avoid nasty effects caused by typos.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<h3>See also</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="../stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting Apache</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="StartServers" id="StartServers">StartServers</a> <a name="startservers" id="startservers">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of child server processes created at startup</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>StartServers <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">StartServers</code> directive sets the
|
|
number of child server processes created on startup. As the number
|
|
of processes is dynamically controlled depending on the load,
|
|
there is usually little reason to adjust this parameter.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The default value differs from MPM to MPM. For
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> and
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> the default is <code>StartServers 3</code>.
|
|
For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> defaults to <code>5</code> and for
|
|
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> to <code>2</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="StartThreads" id="StartThreads">StartThreads</a> <a name="startthreads" id="startthreads">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of threads created on startup</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>StartThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>Number of threads created on startup. As the
|
|
number of threads is dynamically controlled depending on the
|
|
load, there is usually little reason to adjust this
|
|
parameter.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> the default is <code>StartThreads
|
|
5</code> and this directive tracks the number of threads per
|
|
process at startup.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> the default is
|
|
<code>StartThreads 50</code> and, since there is only a single
|
|
process, this is the total number of threads created at startup to
|
|
serve requests.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> the default is <code>StartThreads
|
|
10</code>. It also reflects the total number of threads created
|
|
at startup to serve requests.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ThreadLimit" id="ThreadLimit">ThreadLimit</a> <a name="threadlimit" id="threadlimit">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the upper limit on the configurable number of threads
|
|
per child process</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ThreadLimit <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> in Apache 2.0.41
|
|
and later</td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>This directive sets the maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> for the lifetime
|
|
of the Apache process. Any attempts to change this directive
|
|
during a restart will be ignored, but <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> can be modified
|
|
during a restart up to the value of this directive.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Special care must be taken when using this directive. If
|
|
<code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> is set to a value much higher
|
|
than <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>,
|
|
extra unused shared memory will be allocated. If both
|
|
<code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> are set to values
|
|
higher than the system can handle, Apache may not start or the
|
|
system may become unstable. Do not set the value of this directive
|
|
any higher than your greatest predicted setting of <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> for the
|
|
current run of Apache.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The default value for <code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> is
|
|
<code>1920</code> when used with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> and
|
|
<code>64</code> when used with the others.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
|
<p>There is a hard limit of <code>ThreadLimit 20000</code> (or
|
|
<code>ThreadLimit 15000</code> with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>)
|
|
compiled into the server. This is intended to avoid nasty effects
|
|
caused by typos.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ThreadsPerChild" id="ThreadsPerChild">ThreadsPerChild</a> <a name="threadsperchild" id="threadsperchild">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of threads created by each child process</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ThreadsPerChild <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>This directive sets the number of threads created by each
|
|
child process. The child creates these threads at startup and
|
|
never creates more. If using an MPM like <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>,
|
|
where there is only one child process, this number should be high
|
|
enough to handle the entire load of the server. If using an MPM
|
|
like <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, where there are multiple child processes,
|
|
the <em>total</em> number of threads should be high enough to handle
|
|
the common load on the server.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>The default value for <code class="directive">ThreadsPerChild</code> is
|
|
<code>64</code> when used with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> and
|
|
<code>25</code> when used with the others.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ThreadStackSize" id="ThreadStackSize">ThreadStackSize</a> <a name="threadstacksize" id="threadstacksize">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The size in bytes of the stack used by threads handling
|
|
client connections</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ThreadStackSize <var>size</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>65536 on NetWare; varies on other operating systems</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.1 and later</td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">ThreadStackSize</code> directive sets the
|
|
size of the stack (for autodata) of threads which handle client
|
|
connections and call modules to help process those connections.
|
|
In most cases the operating system default for stack size is
|
|
reasonable, but there are some conditions where it may need to be
|
|
adjusted:</p>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>On platforms with a relatively small default thread stack size
|
|
(e.g., HP-UX), Apache may crash when using some third-party modules
|
|
which use a relatively large amount of autodata storage. Those
|
|
same modules may have worked fine on other platforms where the
|
|
default thread stack size is larger. This type of crash is
|
|
resolved by setting <code class="directive">ThreadStackSize</code> to a
|
|
value higher than the operating system default. This type of
|
|
adjustment is necessary only if the provider of the third-party
|
|
module specifies that it is required, or if diagnosis of an Apache
|
|
crash indicates that the thread stack size was too small.</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>On platforms where the default thread stack size is
|
|
significantly larger than necessary for the web server
|
|
configuration, a higher number of threads per child process
|
|
will be achievable if <code class="directive">ThreadStackSize</code> is
|
|
set to a value lower than the operating system default. This type
|
|
of adjustment should only be made in a test environment which allows
|
|
the full set of web server processing can be exercised, as there
|
|
may be infrequent requests which require more stack to process.
|
|
A change in the web server configuration can invalidate the
|
|
current <code class="directive">ThreadStackSize</code> setting.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="User" id="User">User</a> <a name="user" id="user">Directive</a></h2>
|
|
<table class="directive">
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The userid under which the server will answer
|
|
requests</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>User <var>unix-userid</var></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>User #-1</code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
|
|
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Only valid in global server config since Apache
|
|
2.0</td></tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive">User</code> directive sets the user ID as
|
|
which the server will answer requests. In order to use this
|
|
directive, the server must be run initially as <code>root</code>.
|
|
If you start the server as a non-root user, it will fail to change
|
|
to the lesser privileged user, and will instead continue to run as
|
|
that original user. If you do start the server as <code>root</code>,
|
|
then it is normal for the parent process to remain running as root.
|
|
<var>Unix-userid</var> is one of:</p>
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>A username</dt>
|
|
<dd>Refers to the given user by name.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt># followed by a user number.</dt>
|
|
<dd>Refers to a user by its number.</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>The user should have no privileges that result in it being
|
|
able to access files that are not intended to be visible to the
|
|
outside world, and similarly, the user should not be able to
|
|
execute code that is not meant for HTTP requests. It is
|
|
recommended that you set up a new user and group specifically for
|
|
running the server. Some admins use user <code>nobody</code>, but
|
|
this is not always desirable, since the <code>nobody</code> user
|
|
can have other uses on the system.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
|
<p>Don't set <code class="directive">User</code> (or <code class="directive"><a href="#group">Group</a></code>) to <code>root</code> unless
|
|
you know exactly what you are doing, and what the dangers are.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> MPM, which is intended to
|
|
server virtual hosts run under different user IDs, the
|
|
<code class="directive">User</code> directive defines the user ID for the
|
|
main server and the fallback for <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> sections without an
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#assignuserid">AssignUserID</a></code> directive.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Special note: Use of this directive in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> is no longer supported. To
|
|
configure your server for <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> use
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
|
<p>Although the <code class="directive">User</code> directive is present
|
|
in the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> MPMs,
|
|
it is actually a no-op there and only exists for compatibility
|
|
reasons.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="bottomlang">
|
|
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
|
|
<a href="../en/mod/mpm_common.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
|
<a href="../ja/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a></p>
|
|
</div><div id="footer">
|
|
<p class="apache">Copyright 2007 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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