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<title>mod_authz_dbd - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_authz_dbd</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group Authorization and Login using SQL</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>authz_dbd_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd.c</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.4 and later</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This module provides authorization capabilities so that
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authenticated users can be allowed or denied access to portions
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of the web site by group membership. Similar functionality is
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provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>, with the exception that
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this module queries a SQL database to determine whether a
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user is a member of a group.</p>
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<p>This module can also provide database-backed user login/logout
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capabilities. These are likely to be of most value when used
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in conjunction with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.</p>
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<p>This module relies on <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> to specify
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the backend database driver and connection parameters, and
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manage the database connections.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdlogintoreferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdquery">AuthzDBDQuery</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authzdbdredirectquery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#login">Database Login</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#client">Client Login</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#example">Configuration example</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Preventing SQL injections</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
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<li>
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html#authdbduserpwquery">AuthDBDUserPWQuery</a></code>
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</li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdriver">DBDriver</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdparams">DBDParams</a></code></li>
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</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="login" id="login">Database Login</a></h2>
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<p>
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In addition to the standard authorization function of checking group
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membership, this module can also provide server-side user session
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management via database-backed login/logout capabilities.
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Specifically, it can update a user's session status in the database
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whenever the user visits designated URLs (subject of course to users
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supplying the necessary credentials).</p>
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<p>This works by defining two special
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> types:
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<code>Require dbd-login</code> and <code>Require dbd-logout</code>.
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For usage details, see the configuration example below.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="client" id="client">Client Login</a></h2>
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<p>Some administrators may wish to implement client-side session
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management that works in concert with the server-side login/logout
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capabilities offered by this module, for example, by setting or unsetting
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an HTTP cookie or other such token when a user logs in or out.
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To support such integration, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbd.html">mod_authz_dbd</a></code> exports an
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optional hook that will be run whenever a user's status is updated in
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the database. Other session management modules can then use the hook
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to implement functions that start and end client-side sessions.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="example" id="example">Configuration example</a></h2>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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# mod_dbd configuration
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DBDriver pgsql
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DBDParams "dbname=apacheauth user=apache pass=xxxxxx"
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DBDMin 4
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DBDKeep 8
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DBDMax 20
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DBDExptime 300
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<Directory /usr/www/my.site/team-private/>
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# mod_authn_core and mod_auth_basic configuration
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# for mod_authn_dbd
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AuthType Basic
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AuthName Team
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AuthBasicProvider dbd
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# mod_authn_dbd SQL query to authenticate a logged-in user
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AuthDBDUserPWQuery \
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"SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s AND login = 'true'"
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# mod_authz_core configuration for mod_authz_dbd
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Require dbd-group team
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# mod_authz_dbd configuration
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AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM authz WHERE user = %s"
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# when a user fails to be authenticated or authorized,
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# invite them to login; this page should provide a link
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# to /team-private/login.html
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ErrorDocument 401 /login-info.html
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<Files login.html>
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# don't require user to already be logged in!
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AuthDBDUserPWQuery "SELECT password FROM authn WHERE user = %s"
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# dbd-login action executes a statement to log user in
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Require dbd-login
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AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"
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# return user to referring page (if any) after
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# successful login
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AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On
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</Files>
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<Files logout.html>
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# dbd-logout action executes a statement to log user out
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Require dbd-logout
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AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'false' WHERE user = %s"
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</Files>
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</Directory>
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</pre>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="security" id="security">Preventing SQL injections</a></h2>
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<p>Whether you need to care about SQL security depends on what DBD driver
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and backend you use. With most drivers you don't have to do anything :
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the statement is prepared by the database at startup, and user input is
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used only as data. But you may need to untaint your input. At the time
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of writing, the only driver that requires you to take care is FreeTDS.</p>
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<p>Please read <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> documentation for more information
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about security on this scope.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer" id="AuthzDBDLoginToReferer">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</a> <a name="authzdbdlogintoreferer" id="authzdbdlogintoreferer">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether to redirect the Client to the Referring
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page on successful login or logout if a <code>Referer</code> request
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header is present</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On|Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>In conjunction with <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
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<code>Require dbd-logout</code>, this provides the option to
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redirect the client back to the Referring page (the URL in
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the <code>Referer</code> HTTP request header, if present).
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When there is no <code>Referer</code> header,
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<code>AuthzDBDLoginToReferer On</code> will be ignored.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDQuery" id="AuthzDBDQuery">AuthzDBDQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdquery" id="authzdbdquery">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify the SQL Query for the required operation</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">AuthzDBDQuery</code> specifies an SQL
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query to run. The purpose of the query depends on the
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> directive in
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effect.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-group</code> directive,
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it specifies a query to look up groups for the current user. This is
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the standard functionality of other authorization modules such as
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_groupfile.html">mod_authz_groupfile</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>.
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The first column value of each row returned by the query statement
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should be a string containing a group name. Zero, one, or more rows
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may be returned.
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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Require dbd-group
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AuthzDBDQuery "SELECT group FROM groups WHERE user = %s"
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>When used with a <code>Require dbd-login</code> or
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<code>Require dbd-logout</code> directive, it will never deny access,
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but will instead execute a SQL statement designed to log the user
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in or out. The user must already be authenticated with
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authn_dbd.html">mod_authn_dbd</a></code>.
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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Require dbd-login
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AuthzDBDQuery "UPDATE authn SET login = 'true' WHERE user = %s"
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</pre>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>In all cases, the user's ID will be passed as a single string
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parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
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the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery" id="AuthzDBDRedirectQuery">AuthzDBDRedirectQuery</a> <a name="authzdbdredirectquery" id="authzdbdredirectquery">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Specify a query to look up a login page for the user</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthzDBDRedirectQuery <var>query</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_authz_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>Specifies an optional SQL query to use after successful login
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(or logout) to redirect the user to a URL, which may be
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specific to the user. The user's ID will be passed as a single string
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parameter when the SQL query is executed. It may be referenced within
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the query statement using a <code>%s</code> format specifier.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
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AuthzDBDRedirectQuery "SELECT userpage FROM userpages WHERE user = %s"
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</pre>
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<p>The first column value of the first row returned by the query
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statement should be a string containing a URL to which to redirect
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the client. Subsequent rows will be ignored. If no rows are returned,
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the client will not be redirected.</p>
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<p>Note that <code class="directive">AuthzDBDLoginToReferer</code> takes
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precedence if both are set.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_authz_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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