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			655 lines
		
	
	
		
			20 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			XML
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			655 lines
		
	
	
		
			20 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			XML
		
	
	
	
	
	
<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!DOCTYPE modulesynopsis SYSTEM "../style/modulesynopsis.dtd">
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<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="../style/manual.en.xsl"?>
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<!-- $LastChangedRevision$ -->
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<!--
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 Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
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 contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
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 this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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 The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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 the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
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     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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 limitations under the License.
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-->
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<modulesynopsis metafile="mod_lua.xml.meta">
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<name>mod_lua</name>
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<description>Provides Lua hooks into various portions of the httpd
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request processing</description>
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<status>experimental</status>
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<sourcefile>mod_lua.c</sourcefile>
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<identifier>lua_module</identifier>
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<compatibility>2.3 and later</compatibility>
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<summary>
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<p>Someone needs to write this.
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Include a link to <a href="http://www.lua.org/">the Lua website</a>.
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</p>
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</summary>
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<section id="basicconf"><title>Basic Configuration</title>
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<p>The basic module loading directive is</p>
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<example>
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    LoadModule lua_module modules/mod_lua.so
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</example>
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<p>
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<code>mod_lua</code> provides a handler named <code>lua-script</code>,
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which can be used with an <code>AddHandler</code> directive:</p>
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<example>
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AddHandler lua-script .lua
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</example>
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<p>
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This will cause <code>mod_lua</code> to handle requests for files
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ending in <code>.lua</code> by invoking that file's
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<code>handle</code> function.
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</p>
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<p>For more flexibility, see <directive>LuaMapHandler</directive>.
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</p>
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</section>
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<section id="writinghandlers"><title>Writing Handlers</title>
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<p><code>mod_lua</code> always looks to invoke a function for the handler, rather than
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just evaluating a script body CGI style. A handler function looks
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something like this:</p>
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<example><title>example.lua</title><pre>
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-- example handler
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require "string"
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function handle_something(r)
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    r.content_type = "text/plain"
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    r:puts("Hello Lua World!\n")
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    if r.method == 'GET' then
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        for k, v in pairs( r:parseargs() ) do
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            r:puts( string.format("%s: %s", k, v) )
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        end
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    elseif r.method == 'POST' then
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        for k, v in pairs( r:parsebody() ) do
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            r:puts( string.format("%s: %s", k, v) )
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        end
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    else
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        r:puts("unknown HTTP method " .. r.method)
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    end 
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end
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</pre></example>
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<p>
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This handler function just prints out the uri or form encoded
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arguments to a plaintext page.
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</p>
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<p>
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This means (and in fact encourages) that you can have multiple
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handlers (or hooks, or filters) in the same script.
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</p>
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</section>
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<section id="writinghooks"><title>Writing Hooks</title>
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<p>Hook functions are passed the request object as their only argument.
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They can return any value, depending on the hook, but most commonly
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they'll return OK, DONE, or DECLINED, which you can write in lua as
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<code>apache2.OK</code>, <code>apache2.DONE</code>, or
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<code>apache2.DECLINED</code>, or else an HTTP status code.</p>
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<example><title>translate_name.lua</title><pre>
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-- example hook
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require 'apache2'
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function translate_name(r)
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    if r.uri == "/translate-name" then
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        r.uri = "/find_me.txt"
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        return apache2.DECLINED
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    end
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    return apache2.DECLINED
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end
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</pre></example>
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</section>
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<section id="datastructures"><title>Data Structures</title>
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<dl>
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<dt>request_rec</dt>
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        <dd>
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        <p>The request_rec is mapped in as a userdata. It has a metatable
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        which lets you do useful things with it. For the most part it
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        has the same fields as the request_rec struct (see httpd.h 
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        until we get better docs here) many of which are writeable as
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        well as readable.  (The table fields' content can be changed, but the
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        fields themselves cannot be set to different tables.)</p>
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        <table border="1">
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        <tr>
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          <th><strong>Name</strong></th>
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          <th><strong>Lua type</strong></th>
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          <th><strong>Writable</strong></th>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>ap_auth_type</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>args</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>assbackwards</code></td>
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          <td>boolean</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>canonical_filename</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>content_encoding</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>content_type</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>document_root</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>err_headers_out</code></td>
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          <td>table</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>filename</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>headers_in</code></td>
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          <td>table</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>headers_out</code></td>
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          <td>table</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>hostname</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>method</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>notes</code></td>
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          <td>table</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>path_info</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>protocol</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>range</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>status</code></td>
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          <td>number</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>the_request</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>unparsed_uri</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>no</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>uri</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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          <td><code>user</code></td>
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          <td>string</td>
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          <td>yes</td>
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        </tr>
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        </table>
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        <p>The request_rec has (at least) the following methods:</p>
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        <example>
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        r:addoutputfilter(name|function) -- add an output filter
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        </example>
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        <example>
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        r:parseargs() -- returns a lua table containing the request's
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                         query string arguments
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        </example>
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        <example>
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        r:parsebody() -- parse the request body as a POST and return
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                         a lua table
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        </example>
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        <example>
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        r:puts("hello", " world", "!") -- print to response body
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        </example>
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        <example>
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        r:write("a single string") -- print to response body
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        </example>
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        </dd>
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    </dl>
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</section>
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<section id="logging"><title>Logging Functions</title>
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<example>
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        -- examples of logging messages<br />
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        r:debug("This is a debug log message")<br />
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        r:info("This is an info log message")<br />
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        r:notice("This is an notice log message")<br />
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        r:warn("This is an warn log message")<br />
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        r:err("This is an err log message")<br />
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        r:alert("This is an alert log message")<br />
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        r:crit("This is an crit log message")<br />
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        r:emerg("This is an emerg log message")<br />
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</example>
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</section>
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<section id="apache2"><title>apache2 Package</title>
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<p>A package named <code>apache2</code> is available with (at least) the following contents.</p>
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<dl>
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  <dt>apache2.OK</dt>
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  <dd>internal constant OK.  Handlers should return this if they've
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  handled the request.</dd>
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  <dt>apache2.DECLINED</dt>
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  <dd>internal constant DECLINED.  Handlers should return this if
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  they are not going to handle the request.</dd>
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  <dt>apache2.DONE</dt>
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  <dd>internal constant DONE.</dd>
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  <dt>apache2.version</dt>
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  <dd>Apache HTTP server version string</dd>
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  <dt>apache2.HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY</dt>
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  <dd>HTTP status code</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>(Other HTTP status codes are not yet implemented.)</p>
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</section>
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<directivesynopsis>
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<name>LuaRoot</name>
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<description>Specify the base path for resolving relative paths for mod_lua directives</description>
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<syntax>LuaRoot /path/to/a/directory</syntax>
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<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
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<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
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</contextlist>
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<override>All</override>
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<usage>
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    <p>Specify the base path which will be used to evaluate all
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    relative paths within mod_lua. If not specified they
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    will be resolved relative to the current working directory,
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    which may not always work well for a server.</p>
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</usage>
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</directivesynopsis>
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<directivesynopsis>
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<name>LuaScope</name>
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<description>One of once, request, conn, server -- default is once</description>
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<syntax>LuaScope once|request|conn|server [max|min max]</syntax>
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<default>LuaScope once</default>
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<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
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<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
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</contextlist>
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<override>All</override>
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 | 
						|
<usage>
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    <p>Specify the lifecycle scope of the Lua interpreter which will
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    be used by handlers in this "Directory." The default is "once"</p>
 | 
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   <dl>
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    <dt>once:</dt> <dd>use the interpreter once and throw it away.</dd>
 | 
						|
    
 | 
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    <dt>request:</dt> <dd>use the interpreter to handle anything based on 
 | 
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             the same file within this request, which is also 
 | 
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             request scoped.</dd>
 | 
						|
             
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    <dt>conn:</dt> <dd>Same as request but attached to the connection_rec</dd>
 | 
						|
    
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    <dt>server:</dt>  <dd>This one is different than others because the
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            server scope is quite long lived, and multiple threads
 | 
						|
            will have the same server_rec. To accommodate this
 | 
						|
            server scoped interpreter are stored in an apr
 | 
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            resource list. The min and max arguments are intended
 | 
						|
            to specify the pool size, but are unused at this time.</dd>
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						|
   </dl>
 | 
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</usage>
 | 
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</directivesynopsis>
 | 
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<directivesynopsis>
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<name>LuaMapHandler</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Map a path to a lua handler</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaMapHandler uri-pattern /path/to/lua/script.lua [function-name]</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
<usage>
 | 
						|
    <p>This directive matches a uri pattern to invoke a specific
 | 
						|
    handler function in a specific file. It uses PCRE regular
 | 
						|
    expressions to match the uri, and supports interpolating
 | 
						|
    match groups into both the file path and the function name
 | 
						|
    be careful writing your regular expressions to avoid security
 | 
						|
    issues.</p>
 | 
						|
   <example><title>Examples:</title>
 | 
						|
    LuaMapHandler /(\w+)/(/w+) /scripts/$1.lua handle_$2
 | 
						|
   </example>
 | 
						|
        <p>This would match uri's such as /photos/show?id=9
 | 
						|
        to the file /scripts/photos.lua and invoke the
 | 
						|
        handler function handle_show on the lua vm after
 | 
						|
        loading that file.</p>
 | 
						|
        
 | 
						|
<example>
 | 
						|
    LuaMapHandler /bingo /scripts/wombat.lua
 | 
						|
</example>
 | 
						|
        <p>This would invoke the "handle" function, which
 | 
						|
        is the default if no specific function name is
 | 
						|
        provided.</p>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaPackagePath</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Add a directory to lua's package.path</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaPackagePath /path/to/include/?.lua</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
    <usage><p>Add a path to lua's module search path. Follows the same
 | 
						|
    conventions as lua. This just munges the package.path in the 
 | 
						|
    lua vms.</p>
 | 
						|
    
 | 
						|
    <example><title>Examples:</title>
 | 
						|
        LuaPackagePath /scripts/lib/?.lua<br />
 | 
						|
        LuaPackagePath /scripts/lib/?/init.lua
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						|
    </example>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaPackageCPath</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Add a directory to lua's package.cpath</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaPackageCPath /path/to/include/?.soa</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<usage>
 | 
						|
    <p>Add a path to lua's shared library search path. Follows the same
 | 
						|
    conventions as lua. This just munges the package.cpath in the 
 | 
						|
    lua vms.</p>
 | 
						|
    
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaCodeCache</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Configure the compiled code cache.</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaCodeCache stat|forever|never</syntax>
 | 
						|
<default>LuaCodeCache stat</default>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<usage><p>
 | 
						|
    Specify the behavior of the in-memory code cache. The default
 | 
						|
    is stat, which stats the top level script (not any included
 | 
						|
    ones) each time that file is needed, and reloads it if the
 | 
						|
    modified time indicates it is newer than the one it has
 | 
						|
    already loaded. The other values cause it to keep the file
 | 
						|
    cached forever (don't stat and replace) or to never cache the 
 | 
						|
    file.</p>
 | 
						|
    
 | 
						|
    <p>In general stat or forever is good for production, and stat or never
 | 
						|
    for development.</p>
 | 
						|
    
 | 
						|
    <example><title>Examples:</title>
 | 
						|
        LuaCodeCache stat<br />
 | 
						|
        LuaCodeCache forever<br />
 | 
						|
        LuaCodeCache never<br />
 | 
						|
    </example>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookTranslateName</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the translate name phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookTranslateName  /path/to/lua/script.lua  hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<usage><p>
 | 
						|
    Add a hook (at APR_HOOK_MIDDLE) to the translate name phase of
 | 
						|
    request processing. The hook function receives a single
 | 
						|
    argument, the request_rec, and should return a status code, 
 | 
						|
    which is either an HTTP error code, or the constants defined
 | 
						|
    in the apache2 module: apache2.OK, apache2.DECLINED, or
 | 
						|
    apache2.DONE. </p>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    <p>For those new to hooks, basically each hook will be invoked
 | 
						|
    until one of them returns apache2.OK. If your hook doesn't
 | 
						|
    want to do the translation it should just return
 | 
						|
    apache2.DECLINED. If the request should stop processing, then
 | 
						|
    return apache2.DONE.</p>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    <p>Example:</p>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<example><pre>
 | 
						|
# httpd.conf
 | 
						|
LuaHookTranslateName /scripts/conf/hooks.lua silly_mapper
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-- /scripts/conf/hooks.lua --
 | 
						|
require "apache2"
 | 
						|
function silly_mapper(r)
 | 
						|
    if r.uri == "/" then
 | 
						|
        r.file = "/var/www/home.lua"
 | 
						|
        return apache2.OK
 | 
						|
    else
 | 
						|
        return apache2.DECLINED
 | 
						|
    end
 | 
						|
end
 | 
						|
</pre></example>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookFixups</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the fixups phase of request
 | 
						|
processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookFixups  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
<usage>
 | 
						|
<p>
 | 
						|
    Just like LuaHookTranslateName, but executed at the fixups phase
 | 
						|
</p>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookMapToStorage</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the map_to_storage phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookMapToStorage  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
    <usage><p>...</p></usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookCheckUserID</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the check_user_id phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookCheckUserID  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
    <usage><p>...</p></usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookTypeChecker</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the type_checker phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookTypeChecker  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
    <usage><p>...</p></usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookAuthChecker</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the auth_checker phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookAuthChecker  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
<usage>
 | 
						|
<p>Invoke a lua function in the auth_checker phase of processing
 | 
						|
a request.  This can be used to implement arbitrary authentication
 | 
						|
and authorization checking.  A very simple example:
 | 
						|
</p>
 | 
						|
<example><pre>
 | 
						|
require 'apache2'
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
-- fake authcheck hook
 | 
						|
-- If request has no auth info, set the response header and
 | 
						|
-- return a 401 to ask the browser for basic auth info.
 | 
						|
-- If request has auth info, don't actually look at it, just
 | 
						|
-- pretend we got userid 'foo' and validated it.
 | 
						|
-- Then check if the userid is 'foo' and accept the request.
 | 
						|
function authcheck_hook(r)
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   -- look for auth info
 | 
						|
   auth = r.headers_in['Authorization']
 | 
						|
   if auth ~= nil then
 | 
						|
     -- fake the user
 | 
						|
     r.user = 'foo'
 | 
						|
   end
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
   if r.user == nil then
 | 
						|
      r:debug("authcheck: user is nil, returning 401")
 | 
						|
      r.err_headers_out['WWW-Authenticate'] = 'Basic realm="WallyWorld"'
 | 
						|
      return 401
 | 
						|
   elseif r.user == "foo" then
 | 
						|
      r:debug('user foo: OK')
 | 
						|
   else
 | 
						|
      r:debug("authcheck: user='" .. r.user .. "'")
 | 
						|
      r.err_headers_out['WWW-Authenticate'] = 'Basic realm="WallyWorld"'
 | 
						|
      return 401
 | 
						|
   end
 | 
						|
   return apache2.OK
 | 
						|
end
 | 
						|
</pre></example>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookAccessChecker</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the access_checker phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookAccessChecker  /path/to/lua/script.lua  hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
<usage>
 | 
						|
<p>Add your hook to the access_checker phase.  An access checker
 | 
						|
hook function usually returns OK, DECLINED, or HTTP_FORBIDDEN.</p>
 | 
						|
</usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaHookInsertFilter</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the insert_filter phase of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax>LuaHookInsertFilter  /path/to/lua/script.lua hook_function_name</syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
    <usage><p>Not Yet Implemented</p></usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
<directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
<name>LuaQuickHandler</name>
 | 
						|
<description>Provide a hook for the quick handler of request processing</description>
 | 
						|
<syntax></syntax>
 | 
						|
<contextlist><context>server config</context><context>virtual host</context>
 | 
						|
<context>directory</context><context>.htaccess</context>
 | 
						|
</contextlist>
 | 
						|
<override>All</override>
 | 
						|
<usage><p>...</p></usage>
 | 
						|
</directivesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
</modulesynopsis>
 | 
						|
 |