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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<title>Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2 - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div>
<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/upgrading.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
<a href="./fr/upgrading.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran<61>ais">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a></p>
</div>
<p>In order to assist folks upgrading, we maintain a document
describing information critical to existing Apache HTTP Server users. These
are intended to be brief notes, and you should be able to find
more information in either the <a href="new_features_2_4.html">New Features</a> document, or in
the <code>src/CHANGES</code> file. Application and module developers
can find a summary of API changes in the <a href="developer/new_api_2_4.html">API updates</a> overview.</p>
<p>This document describes changes in server behavior that might
require you to change your configuration or how you use the server
in order to continue using 2.4 as you are currently using 2.2.
To take advantage of new features in 2.4, see the New Features
document.</p>
<p>This document describes only the changes from 2.2 to 2.4. If you
are upgrading from version 2.0, you should also consult the <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/upgrading.html">2.0 to 2.2
upgrading document.</a></p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#compile-time">Compile-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#run-time">Run-Time Configuration Changes</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#misc">Misc Changes</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#third-party">Third Party Modules</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#commonproblems">Common problems when upgrading</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="new_features_2_4.html">Overview of new features in
Apache HTTP Server 2.4</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="compile-time" id="compile-time">Compile-Time Configuration Changes</a></h2>
<p>The compilation process is very similar to the one used in
version 2.2. Your old <code>configure</code> command line (as
found in <code>build/config.nice</code> in the installed server
directory) can be used in most cases. There are some changes in
the default settings. Some details of changes:</p>
<ul>
<li>These modules have been removed: mod_authn_default,
mod_authz_default, mod_mem_cache. If you were using
mod_mem_cache in 2.2, look at <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache_disk.html">mod_cache_disk</a></code> in
2.4.</li>
<li>All load balancing implementations have been moved to
individual, self-contained mod_proxy submodules, e.g.
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.html">mod_lbmethod_bybusyness</a></code>. You might need
to build and load any of these that your configuration
uses.</li>
<li>Platform support has been removed for BeOS, TPF, and
even older platforms such as A/UX, Next, and Tandem. These were
believed to be broken anyway.</li>
<li>configure: dynamic modules (DSO) are built by default</li>
<li>configure: By default, only a basic set of modules is loaded. The
other <code class="directive">LoadModule</code> directives are commented
out in the configuration file.</li>
<li>configure: the "most" module set gets built by default</li>
<li>configure: the "reallyall" module set adds developer modules
to the "all" set</li>
</ul>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="run-time" id="run-time">Run-Time Configuration Changes</a></h2>
<p>There have been significant changes in authorization configuration,
and other minor configuration changes, that could require changes to your 2.2
configuration files before using them for 2.4.</p>
<h3><a name="authz" id="authz">Authorization</a></h3>
<p>Any configuration file that uses authorization will likely
need changes.</p>
<p>You should review the <a href="howto/auth.html">Authentication,
Authorization and Access Control Howto</a>, especially the section
<a href="howto/auth.html#beyond">Beyond just authorization</a>
which explains the new mechanisms for controlling the order in
which the authorization directives are applied.</p>
<p>Directives that control how authorization modules respond when they don't match
the authenticated user have been removed: This includes
AuthzLDAPAuthoritative, AuthzDBDAuthoritative, AuthzDBMAuthoritative,
AuthzGroupFileAuthoritative, AuthzUserAuthoritative,
and AuthzOwnerAuthoritative. These directives have been replaced by the
more expressive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_core.html#requireany">RequireAny</a></code>,
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_core.html#requirenone">RequireNone</a></code>, and
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_core.html#requireall">RequireAll</a></code>.</p>
<p>If you use <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_dbm.html">mod_authz_dbm</a></code>, you must port your
configuration to use <code>Require dbm-group ...</code> in place
of <code>Require group ...</code>.</p>
<h4><a name="access" id="access">Access control</a></h4>
<p>In 2.2, access control based on client hostname, IP address,
and other characteristics of client requests was done using the
directives <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#order">Order</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#allow">Allow</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#deny">Deny</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code>.</p>
<p>In 2.4, such access control is done in the same way as other
authorization checks, using the new module
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>. The old access control idioms
should be replaced by the new authentication mechanisms,
although for compatibility with old configurations, the new
module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code> is provided.</p>
<div class="note"><h3>Mixing old and new directives</h3>
<p>Mixing old directives like <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#order">Order</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html#deny">Deny</a></code> with new ones like
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> is technically possible
but discouraged. <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code> was created to support
configurations containing only old directives to facilitate the 2.4 upgrade.
Please check the examples below to get a better idea about issues that might arise.
</p>
</div>
<p>Here are some examples of old and new ways to do the same
access control.</p>
<p>In this example, there is no authentication and all requests are denied.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order deny,allow
Deny from all</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require all denied</pre>
</div>
<p>In this example, there is no authentication and all requests are allowed.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order allow,deny
Allow from all</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require all granted</pre>
</div>
<p>In the following example, there is no authentication and all hosts in the example.org domain
are allowed access; all other hosts are denied access.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from example.org</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require host example.org</pre>
</div>
<p>In the following example, mixing old and new directives leads to
unexpected results.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Mixing old and new directives: NOT WORKING AS EXPECTED</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
&lt;Directory "/"&gt;
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
&lt;/Directory&gt;
&lt;Location "/server-status"&gt;
SetHandler server-status
Require 127.0.0.1
&lt;/Location&gt;
access.log - GET /server-status 403 127.0.0.1
error.log - AH01797: client denied by server configuration: /var/www/html/server-status</pre>
</div>
<p>Why httpd denies access to servers-status even if the configuration seems to allow it?
Because <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code> directives take precedence
over the <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code> one in this configuration
<a href="sections.html#merging">merge</a> scenario.</p>
<p>This example conversely works as expected:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Mixing old and new directives: WORKING AS EXPECTED</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
&lt;Directory "/"&gt;
AllowOverride None
Require all denied
&lt;/Directory&gt;
&lt;Location "/server-status"&gt;
SetHandler server-status
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow From 127.0.0.1
&lt;/Location&gt;
access.log - GET /server-status 200 127.0.0.1</pre>
</div>
<p>So even if mixing configuration is still
possible, please try to avoid it when upgrading: either keep old directives and then migrate
to the new ones on a later stage or just migrate everything in bulk.
</p>
<p>In many configurations with authentication, where the value of the
<code class="directive">Satisfy</code> was the default of <em>ALL</em>, snippets
that simply disabled host-based access control are omitted:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
Require valid-user</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># No replacement needed
AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
Require valid-user</pre>
</div>
<p>In configurations where both authentication and access control were meaningfully combined, the
access control directives should be migrated. This example allows requests meeting <em>both</em> criteria:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order allow,deny
Deny from all
# Satisfy ALL is the default
Satisfy ALL
Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
Require valid-user</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
&lt;RequireAll&gt;
Require valid-user
Require ip 127.0.0.1
&lt;/RequireAll&gt;</pre>
</div>
<p>In configurations where both authentication and access control were meaningfully combined, the
access control directives should be migrated. This example allows requests meeting <em>either</em> criteria:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>2.2 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy any
Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
Require valid-user</pre>
</div>
<div class="example"><h3>2.4 configuration:</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">AuthBasicProvider File
AuthUserFile /example.com/conf/users.passwd
AuthName secure
# Implicitly &lt;RequireAny&gt;
Require valid-user
Require ip 127.0.0.1</pre>
</div>
<h3><a name="config" id="config">Other configuration changes</a></h3>
<p>Some other small adjustments may be necessary for particular
configurations as discussed below.</p>
<ul>
<li><code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> has been renamed to
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#maxconnectionsperchild">MaxConnectionsPerChild</a></code>,
describes more accurately what it does. The old name is still
supported.</li>
<li><code class="directive">MaxClients</code> has been renamed to
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#maxrequestworkers">MaxRequestWorkers</a></code>,
which describes more accurately what it does. For async MPMs, like
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code>, the maximum number of clients is not
equivalent than the number of worker threads. The old name is still
supported.</li>
<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#defaulttype">DefaultType</a></code>
directive no longer has any effect, other than to emit a
warning if it's used with any value other than
<code>none</code>. You need to use other configuration
settings to replace it in 2.4.
</li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> now
defaults to <code>None</code>.</li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#enablesendfile">EnableSendfile</a></code> now
defaults to Off.</li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#fileetag">FileETag</a></code> now
defaults to "MTime Size" (without INode).</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dav_fs.html">mod_dav_fs</a></code>: The format of the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dav_fs.html#davlockdb">DavLockDB</a></code> file has changed for
systems with inodes. The old <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dav_fs.html#davlockdb">DavLockDB</a></code> file must be deleted on
upgrade.
</li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a></code> only
accepts values of <code>On</code> or <code>Off</code>.
Previously, any value other than "Off" or "0" was treated as
"On".</li>
<li>Directives AcceptMutex, LockFile, RewriteLock, SSLMutex,
SSLStaplingMutex, and WatchdogMutexPath have been replaced
with a single <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#mutex">Mutex</a></code>
directive. You will need to evaluate any use of these removed
directives in your 2.2 configuration to determine if they can
just be deleted or will need to be replaced using <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#mutex">Mutex</a></code>.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>: <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheignoreurlsessionidentifiers">CacheIgnoreURLSessionIdentifiers</a></code>
now does an exact match against the query string instead of a
partial match. If your configuration was using partial
strings, e.g. using <code>sessionid</code> to match
<code>/someapplication/image.gif;jsessionid=123456789</code>,
then you will need to change to the full string
<code>jsessionid</code>.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html">mod_cache</a></code>: The second parameter to
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cache.html#cacheenable">CacheEnable</a></code> only
matches forward proxy content if it begins with the correct
protocol. In 2.2 and earlier, a parameter of '/' matched all
content.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ldap.html">mod_ldap</a></code>: <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ldap.html#ldaptrustedclientcert">LDAPTrustedClientCert</a></code> is now
consistently a per-directory setting only. If you use this
directive, review your configuration to make sure it is
present in all the necessary directory contexts.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html">mod_filter</a></code>: <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#filterprovider">FilterProvider</a></code> syntax has changed and
now uses a boolean expression to determine if a filter is applied.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>:
<ul>
<li>The <code>#if expr</code> element now uses the new <a href="expr.html">expression parser</a>. The old syntax can be
restored with the new directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html#ssilegacyexprparser">SSILegacyExprParser</a></code>.
</li>
<li>An SSI* config directive in directory scope no longer causes
all other per-directory SSI* directives to be reset to their
default values.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_charset_lite.html">mod_charset_lite</a></code>: The <code>DebugLevel</code>
option has been removed in favour of per-module <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> configuration.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code>: The <code>DebugLevel</code>
option has been removed in favour of per-module <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> configuration.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_proxy_scgi.html">mod_proxy_scgi</a></code>: The default setting for
<code>PATH_INFO</code> has changed from httpd 2.2, and
some web applications will no longer operate properly with
the new <code>PATH_INFO</code> setting. The previous setting
can be restored by configuring the <code>proxy-scgi-pathinfo</code>
variable.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code>: CRL based revocation checking
now needs to be explicitly configured through <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcarevocationcheck">SSLCARevocationCheck</a></code>.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_substitute.html">mod_substitute</a></code>: The maximum line length is now
limited to 1MB.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_reqtimeout.html">mod_reqtimeout</a></code>: If the module is loaded, it
will now set some default timeouts.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_dumpio.html">mod_dumpio</a></code>: <code class="directive">DumpIOLogLevel</code>
is no longer supported. Data is always logged at <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> <code>trace7</code>.</li>
<li>On Unix platforms, piped logging commands configured using
either <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> or
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> were invoked using
<code>/bin/sh -c</code> in 2.2 and earlier. In 2.4 and later,
piped logging commands are executed directly. To restore the
old behaviour, see the <a href="logs.html#piped">piped logging
documentation</a>.</li>
</ul>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="misc" id="misc">Misc Changes</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_autoindex.html">mod_autoindex</a></code>: will now extract titles and
display descriptions for .xhtml files, which were previously
ignored.</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html">mod_ssl</a></code>: The default format of the <code>*_DN</code>
variables has changed. The old format can still be used with the new
<code>LegacyDNStringFormat</code> argument to <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions">SSLOptions</a></code>. The SSLv2 protocol is
no longer supported. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html#sslproxycheckpeercn">SSLProxyCheckPeerCN
</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_ssl.html#sslproxycheckpeerexpire">SSLProxyCheckPeerExpire
</a></code> now default to On, causing proxy requests to HTTPS hosts
with bad or outdated certificates to fail with a 502 status code (Bad
gateway)</li>
<li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/htpasswd.html">htpasswd</a></code> now uses MD5 hash by default on
all platforms.</li>
<li>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code>
directive no longer has any effect, other than to emit a
warning. Any address/port combination appearing in multiple
virtual hosts is implicitly treated as a name-based virtual host.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_deflate.html">mod_deflate</a></code> will now skip compression if it knows
that the size overhead added by the compression is larger than the data
to be compressed.
</li>
<li>Multi-language error documents from 2.2.x may not work unless
they are adjusted to the new syntax of <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html">mod_include</a></code>'s
<code>#if expr=</code> element or the directive
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_include.html#ssilegacyexprparser">SSILegacyExprParser</a></code> is
enabled for the directory containing the error documents.
</li>
<li>The functionality provided by <code>mod_authn_alias</code>
in previous versions (i.e., the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_core.html#authnprovideralias">AuthnProviderAlias</a></code> directive)
has been moved into <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_core.html">mod_authn_core</a></code>.
</li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a></code> uses the servers <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#timeout">Timeout</a></code> to limit the length of time to wait for CGI output.
This timeout can be overridden with <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_cgid.html#cgidscripttimeout">
CGIDScriptTImeout</a></code>.
</li>
</ul>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="third-party" id="third-party">Third Party Modules</a></h2>
<p>All modules must be recompiled for 2.4 before being loaded.</p>
<p>Many third-party modules designed for version 2.2 will
otherwise work unchanged with the Apache HTTP Server version 2.4.
Some will require changes; see the <a href="developer/new_api_2_4.html">API
update</a> overview.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="commonproblems" id="commonproblems">Common problems when upgrading</a></h2>
<ul><li>Startup errors:
<ul>
<li><code>Invalid command 'User', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration</code> - load module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_unixd.html">mod_unixd</a></code></li>
<li><code>Invalid command 'Require', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration</code>, or
<code>Invalid command 'Order', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration</code>
- load module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code>, or update configuration to 2.4 authorization directives.</li>
<li><code>Ignoring deprecated use of DefaultType in line NN of /path/to/httpd.conf</code> - remove <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#defaulttype">DefaultType</a></code>
and replace with other configuration settings.</li>
<li><code>Invalid command 'AddOutputFilterByType', perhaps misspelled
or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
</code> - <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_filter.html#addoutputfilterbytype">AddOutputFilterByType</a></code>
has moved from the core to mod_filter, which must be loaded.</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Errors serving requests:
<ul>
<li><code>configuration error: couldn't check user: /path</code> -
load module <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_authn_core.html">mod_authn_core</a></code>.</li>
<li><code>.htaccess</code> files aren't being processed - Check for an
appropriate <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> directive;
the default changed to <code>None</code> in 2.4.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div></div>
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