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git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk@1776970 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
175 lines
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175 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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<!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>Starting Apache - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.5</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa<70>ol"> es </a> |
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<a href="./fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran<61>ais"> fr </a> |
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<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
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<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
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<a href="./tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T<>rk<72>e"> tr </a></p>
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</div>
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<p>On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service.
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For details, see <a href="platform/windows.html#winsvc">Running Apache as a Service</a>.
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</p>
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<p>On Unix, the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> program
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is run as a daemon that executes continuously in the
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background to handle requests. This document describes how
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to invoke <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="startup" id="startup">How Apache Starts</a></h2>
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<p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
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specified in the configuration file is default of 80 (or any other
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port below 1024), then it is necessary to have root privileges in
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order to start apache, so that it can bind to this privileged
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port. Once the server has started and performed a few preliminary
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activities such as opening its log files, it will launch several
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<em>child</em> processes which do the work of listening for and
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answering requests from clients. The main <code>httpd</code>
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process continues to run as the root user, but the child processes
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run as a less privileged user. This is controlled by the selected
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<a href="mpm.html">Multi-Processing Module</a>.</p>
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<p>The recommended method of invoking the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>
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executable is to use the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script. This
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script sets certain environment variables that are necessary for
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> to function correctly under some operating
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systems, and then invokes the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary.
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> will pass through any command line
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arguments, so any <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> options may also be used with
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. You may also directly edit the
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script by changing the <code>HTTPD</code>
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variable near the top to specify the correct location of the
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary and any command-line arguments that you
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wish to be <em>always</em> present.</p>
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<p>The first thing that <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> does when it is
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invoked is to locate and read the <a href="configuring.html">configuration file</a>
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<code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at
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compile-time, but it is possible to specify its location at run
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time using the <code>-f</code> command-line option as in</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -f
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/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</code></p></div>
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<p>If all goes well during startup, the server will detach from
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the terminal and the command prompt will return almost
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immediately. This indicates that the server is up and running.
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You can then use your browser to connect to the server and view
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the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="errors" id="errors">Errors During Start-up</a></h2>
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<p>If Apache suffers a fatal problem during startup, it will
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write a message describing the problem either to the console or
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to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before
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exiting. One of the most common error messages is "<code>Unable
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to bind to Port ...</code>". This message is usually caused by
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either:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Trying to start the server on a privileged port when not
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logged in as the root user; or</li>
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<li>Trying to start the server when there is another instance
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of Apache or some other web server already bound to the same
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Port.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>For further trouble-shooting instructions, consult the
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Apache <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a>.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="boot" id="boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></h2>
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<p>If you want your server to continue running after a system
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reboot, you should add a call to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> to your
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system startup files (typically <code>rc.local</code> or a file in
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an <code>rc.N</code> directory). This will start Apache as
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root. Before doing this ensure that your server is properly
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configured for security and access restrictions.</p>
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<p>The <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script is designed to act like a
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standard SysV init script; it can take the arguments
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<code>start</code>, <code>restart</code>, and <code>stop</code>
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and translate them into the appropriate signals to
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>. So you can often simply link
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<code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> into the appropriate init directory. But be
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sure to check the exact requirements of your system.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="info" id="info">Additional Information</a></h2>
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<p>Additional information about the command-line options of <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> and <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> as well as other support
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programs included with the server is available on the
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<a href="programs/">Server and Supporting Programs</a> page.
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There is also documentation on all the <a href="mod/">modules</a> included with the Apache distribution
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and the <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> that they
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provide.</p>
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</div></div>
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<div class="bottomlang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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<a href="./en/invoking.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa<70>ol"> es </a> |
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<a href="./fr/invoking.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Fran<61>ais"> fr </a> |
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<a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
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<a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
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<a href="./tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T<>rk<72>e"> tr </a></p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
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(d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
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}
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})(window, document);
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//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer">
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2017 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
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