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93 lines
7.3 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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--><title>Starting Apache - Apache HTTP Server</title><link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /><link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /><link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head><body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"><p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p><p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p><img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div><div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div><div id="path"><a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.0</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Starting Apache</h1>
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<p>On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows
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NT, or as a console application on Windows 95. For details, see
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<a href="platform/windows.html#run">running Apache for
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Windows</a>.</p>
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<p>On Unix, the <a href="programs/httpd.html">httpd</a> program
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is run as a daemon that executes continuously in the
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background to handle requests. This document describes how
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to invoke <code>httpd</code>.</p>
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</div><div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">How Apache Starts</a></li><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">Errors During Start-up</a></li><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></li><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">Additional Information</a></li></ul></div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="startup" id="startup">How Apache Starts</a></h2>
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<p>If the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
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specified in the configuration file is default of 80 (or any other
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port below 1024), then it is necessary to have root privileges in
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order to start apache, so that it can bind to this privileged
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port. Once the server has started and performed a few preliminary
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activities such as opening its log files, it will launch several
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<em>child</em> processes which do the work of listening for and
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answering requests from clients. The main <code>httpd</code>
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process continues to run as the root user, but the child processes
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run as a less privileged user. This is controlled by the selected
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<a href="mpm.html">Multi-Processing Module</a>.</p>
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<p>The first thing that <code>httpd</code> does when it is
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invoked is to locate and read the <a href="configuring.html">configuration file</a>
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<code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at
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compile-time, but it is possible to specify its location at run
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time using the <code>-f</code> command-line option as in</p>
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<div class="example"><p><code>/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f
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/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf</code></p></div>
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<p>As an alternative to invoking the <code>httpd</code> binary
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directly, a shell script called <a href="programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a> is provided which
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can be used to control the daemon process with simple commands
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such as <code>apachectl start</code> and <code>apachectl
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stop</code>.</p>
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<p>If all goes well during startup, the server will detach from
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the terminal and the command prompt will return almost
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immediately. This indicates that the server is up and running.
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You can then use your browser to connect to the server and view
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the test page in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directory
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and the local copy of the documentation linked from that
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page.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="errors" id="errors">Errors During Start-up</a></h2>
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<p>If Apache suffers a fatal problem during startup, it will
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write a message describing the problem either to the console or
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to the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> before
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exiting. One of the most common error messages is "<code>Unable
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to bind to Port ...</code>". This message is usually caused by
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either:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Trying to start the server on a privileged port when not
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logged in as the root user; or</li>
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<li>Trying to start the server when there is another instance
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of Apache or some other web server already bound to the same
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Port.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>For further trouble-shooting instructions, consult the
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Apache <a href="faq/">FAQ</a>.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="boot" id="boot">Starting at Boot-Time</a></h2>
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<p>If you want your server to continue running after a system
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reboot, you should add a call to <code>httpd</code> or
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<code>apachectl</code> to your system startup files (typically
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<code>rc.local</code> or a file in an <code>rc.N</code>
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directory). This will start Apache as root. Before doing this
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ensure that your server is properly configured for security and
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access restrictions. The <code>apachectl</code> script is
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designed so that it can often be linked directly as an init
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script, but be sure to check the exact requirements of your
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system.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a name="info" id="info">Additional Information</a></h2>
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<p>Additional information about the command-line options of <a href="programs/httpd.html">httpd</a> and <a href="programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a> as well as other
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support programs included with the server is available on the
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<a href="programs/">Server and Supporting Programs</a> page.
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There is also documentation on all the <a href="mod/">modules</a> included with the Apache distribution
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and the <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> that they
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provide.</p>
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</div></div><div id="footer"><p class="apache">Maintained by the <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs-project/">Apache HTTP Server Documentation Project</a></p><p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div></body></html> |