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334 lines
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
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-->
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<title>mod_session_dbd - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body>
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<div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_session_dbd</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_session_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>DBD/SQL based session support</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module<EFBFBD>Identifier:</a></th><td>session_dbd_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source<EFBFBD>File:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd.c</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.3 and later</td></tr></table>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Warning</h3>
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<p>The session modules make use of HTTP cookies, and as such can fall
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victim to Cross Site Scripting attacks, or expose potentially private
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information to clients. Please ensure that the relevant risks have
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been taken into account before enabling the session functionality on
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your server.</p>
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</div>
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<p>This submodule of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session.html">mod_session</a></code> provides support for the
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storage of user sessions within a SQL database using the
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> module.</p>
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<p>Sessions can either be <strong>anonymous</strong>, where the session is
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keyed by a unique UUID string stored on the browser in a cookie, or
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<strong>per user</strong>, where the session is keyed against the userid of
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the logged in user.</p>
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<p>SQL based sessions are hidden from the browser, and so offer a measure of
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privacy without the need for encryption.</p>
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<p>Different webservers within a server farm may choose to share a database,
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and so share sessions with one another.</p>
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<p>For more details on the session interface, see the documentation for
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the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session.html">mod_session</a></code> module.</p>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<ul id="toc">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdcookiename">SessionDBDCookieName</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdcookiename2">SessionDBDCookieName2</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdcookieremove">SessionDBDCookieRemove</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbddeletelabel">SessionDBDDeleteLabel</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdinsertlabel">SessionDBDInsertLabel</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdperuser">SessionDBDPerUser</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdselectlabel">SessionDBDSelectLabel</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sessiondbdupdatelabel">SessionDBDUpdateLabel</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Topics</h3>
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<ul id="topics">
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#dbdconfig">DBD Configuration</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#anonymous">Anonymous Sessions</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#peruser">Per User Sessions</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#housekeeping">Database Housekeeping</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3>
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<ul class="seealso">
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session.html">mod_session</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session_crypto.html">mod_session_crypto</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session_cookie.html">mod_session_cookie</a></code></li>
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<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code></li>
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</ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="dbdconfig" id="dbdconfig">DBD Configuration</a></h2>
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<p>Before the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session_dbd.html">mod_session_dbd</a></code> module can be configured to maintain a
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session, the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html">mod_dbd</a></code> module must be configured to make the various database queries
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available to the server.</p>
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<p>There are four queries required to keep a session maintained, to select an existing session,
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to update an existing session, to insert a new session, and to delete an expired or empty
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session. These queries are configured as per the example below.</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Sample DBD configuration</h3><p><code>
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DBDriver pgsql<br />
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DBDParams "dbname=apachesession user=apache password=xxxxx host=localhost"<br />
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DBDPrepareSQL "delete from session where key = %s" deletesession<br />
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DBDPrepareSQL "update session set value = %s, expiry = %lld where key = %s" updatesession<br />
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DBDPrepareSQL "insert into session (value, expiry, key) values (%s, %lld, %s)" insertsession<br />
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DBDPrepareSQL "select value from session where key = %s and (expiry = 0 or expiry > %lld)" selectsession<br />
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DBDPrepareSQL "delete from session where expiry != 0 and expiry < %lld" cleansession<br />
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</code></p></div>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="anonymous" id="anonymous">Anonymous Sessions</a></h2>
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<p>Anonymous sessions are keyed against a unique UUID, and stored on the
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browser within an HTTP cookie. This method is similar to that used by most
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application servers to store session information.</p>
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<p>To create a simple anonymous session and store it in a postgres database
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table called <var>apachesession</var>, and save the session ID in a cookie
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called <var>session</var>, configure the session as follows:</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>SQL based anonymous session</h3><p><code>
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Session On<br />
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SessionDBDCookieName session path=/<br />
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</code></p></div>
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<p>For more examples on how the session can be configured to be read
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from and written to by a CGI application, see the
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session.html">mod_session</a></code> examples section.</p>
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<p>For documentation on how the session can be used to store username
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and password details, see the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_form.html">mod_auth_form</a></code> module.</p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="peruser" id="peruser">Per User Sessions</a></h2>
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<p>Per user sessions are keyed against the username of a successfully
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authenticated user. It offers the most privacy, as no external handle
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to the session exists outside of the authenticated realm.</p>
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<p>Per user sessions work within a correctly configured authenticated
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environment, be that using basic authentication, digest authentication
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or SSL client certificates. Due to the limitations of who came first,
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the chicken or the egg, per user sessions cannot be used to store
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authentication credentials from a module like
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_form.html">mod_auth_form</a></code>.</p>
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<p>To create a simple per user session and store it in a postgres database
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table called <var>apachesession</var>, and with the session keyed to the
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userid, configure the session as follows:</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>SQL based per user session</h3><p><code>
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Session On<br />
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SessionDBDPerUser On<br />
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</code></p></div>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="housekeeping" id="housekeeping">Database Housekeeping</a></h2>
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<p>Over the course of time, the database can be expected to start accumulating
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expired sessions. At this point, the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_session_dbd.html">mod_session_dbd</a></code> module
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is not yet able to handle session expiry automatically.</p>
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<div class="warning"><h3>Warning</h3>
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<p>The administrator will need to set up an external process via cron to clean
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out expired sessions.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDCookieName" id="SessionDBDCookieName">SessionDBDCookieName</a> <a name="sessiondbdcookiename" id="sessiondbdcookiename">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Name and attributes for the RFC2109 cookie storing the session ID</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDCookieName <var>name</var> <var>attributes</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>none</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDCookieName</code> directive specifies the name and
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optional attributes of an RFC2109 compliant cookie inside which the session ID will
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be stored. RFC2109 cookies are set using the <code>Set-Cookie</code> HTTP header.
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</p>
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<p>An optional list of cookie attributes can be specified, as per the example below.
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These attributes are inserted into the cookie as is, and are not interpreted by
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Apache. Ensure that your attributes are defined correctly as per the cookie specification.
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</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Cookie with attributes</h3><p><code>
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Session On<br />
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SessionDBDCookieName session path=/private;domain=example.com;httponly;secure;version=1;<br />
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDCookieName2" id="SessionDBDCookieName2">SessionDBDCookieName2</a> <a name="sessiondbdcookiename2" id="sessiondbdcookiename2">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Name and attributes for the RFC2965 cookie storing the session ID</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDCookieName2 <var>name</var> <var>attributes</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>none</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDCookieName2</code> directive specifies the name and
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optional attributes of an RFC2965 compliant cookie inside which the session ID will
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be stored. RFC2965 cookies are set using the <code>Set-Cookie2</code> HTTP header.
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</p>
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<p>An optional list of cookie attributes can be specified, as per the example below.
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These attributes are inserted into the cookie as is, and are not interpreted by
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Apache. Ensure that your attributes are defined correctly as per the cookie specification.
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</p>
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<div class="example"><h3>Cookie2 with attributes</h3><p><code>
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Session On<br />
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SessionDBDCookieName2 session path=/private;domain=example.com;httponly;secure;version=1;<br />
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</code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDCookieRemove" id="SessionDBDCookieRemove">SessionDBDCookieRemove</a> <a name="sessiondbdcookieremove" id="sessiondbdcookieremove">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Control for whether session ID cookies should be removed from incoming HTTP headers</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDCookieRemove On|Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDCookieRemove On</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDCookieRemove</code> flag controls whether the cookies
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containing the session ID will be removed from the headers during request processing.</p>
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<p>In a reverse proxy situation where the Apache server acts as a server frontend for
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a backend origin server, revealing the contents of the session ID cookie to the backend
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could be a potential privacy violation. When set to on, the session ID cookie will be
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removed from the incoming HTTP headers.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDDeleteLabel" id="SessionDBDDeleteLabel">SessionDBDDeleteLabel</a> <a name="sessiondbddeletelabel" id="sessiondbddeletelabel">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The SQL query to use to remove sessions from the database</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDDeleteLabel <var>label</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDDeleteLabel deletesession</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDDeleteLabel</code> directive sets the default delete
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query label to be used to delete an expired or empty session. This label must have been previously
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defined using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdpreparesql">DBDPrepareSQL</a></code> directive.</p>
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||
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||
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDInsertLabel" id="SessionDBDInsertLabel">SessionDBDInsertLabel</a> <a name="sessiondbdinsertlabel" id="sessiondbdinsertlabel">Directive</a></h2>
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||
<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The SQL query to use to insert sessions into the database</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDInsertLabel <var>label</var></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDInsertLabel insertsession</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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||
</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDInsertLabel</code> directive sets the default insert
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query label to be used to load in a session. This label must have been previously defined using the
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdpreparesql">DBDPrepareSQL</a></code> directive.</p>
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<p>If an attempt to update the session affects no rows, this query will be called to insert the
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session into the database.</p>
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||
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||
</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDPerUser" id="SessionDBDPerUser">SessionDBDPerUser</a> <a name="sessiondbdperuser" id="sessiondbdperuser">Directive</a></h2>
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||
<table class="directive">
|
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enable a per user session</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDPerUser On|Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDPerUser Off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
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||
</table>
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<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDPerUser</code> flag enables a per user session keyed
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against the user's login name. If the user is not logged in, this directive will be
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ignored.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDSelectLabel" id="SessionDBDSelectLabel">SessionDBDSelectLabel</a> <a name="sessiondbdselectlabel" id="sessiondbdselectlabel">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The SQL query to use to select sessions from the database</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDSelectLabel <var>label</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDSelectLabel selectsession</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDSelectLabel</code> directive sets the default select
|
||
query label to be used to load in a session. This label must have been previously defined using the
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdpreparesql">DBDPrepareSQL</a></code> directive.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SessionDBDUpdateLabel" id="SessionDBDUpdateLabel">SessionDBDUpdateLabel</a> <a name="sessiondbdupdatelabel" id="sessiondbdupdatelabel">Directive</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The SQL query to use to update existing sessions in the database</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDUpdateLabel <var>label</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SessionDBDUpdateLabel updatesession</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_session_dbd</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">SessionDBDUpdateLabel</code> directive sets the default update
|
||
query label to be used to load in a session. This label must have been previously defined using the
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dbd.html#dbdpreparesql">DBDPrepareSQL</a></code> directive.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>If an attempt to update the session affects no rows, the insert query will be
|
||
called to insert the session into the database. If the database supports InsertOrUpdate,
|
||
override this query to perform the update in one query instead of two.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottomlang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_session_dbd.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
|
||
</div><div id="footer">
|
||
<p class="apache">Copyright 2008 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
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