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657 lines
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657 lines
28 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
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<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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<!--
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This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
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<title>Redirecting and Remapping with mod_rewrite - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
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<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" />
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<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
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</script>
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<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
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<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
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<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
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<div id="path">
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Rewrite</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Redirecting and Remapping with mod_rewrite</h1>
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<div class="toplang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/remapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
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<a href="../fr/rewrite/remapping.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
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</div>
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<p>This document supplements the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code>
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<a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">reference documentation</a>. It describes
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how you can use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> to redirect and remap
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request. This includes many examples of common uses of mod_rewrite,
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including detailed descriptions of how each works.</p>
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<div class="warning">Note that many of these examples won't work unchanged in your
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particular server configuration, so it's important that you understand
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them, rather than merely cutting and pasting the examples into your
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configuration.</div>
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</div>
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<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#old-to-new">From Old to New (internal)</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#old-to-new-extern">Rewriting From Old to New (external)</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#movehomedirs">Resource Moved to Another Server</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#static-to-dynamic">From Static to Dynamic</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#backward-compatibility">Backward Compatibility for file extension change</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#canonicalhost">Canonical Hostnames</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#multipledirs">Search for pages in more than one directory</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#archive-access-multiplexer">Redirecting to Geographically Distributed Servers</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#canonicalurl">Canonical URLs</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#moveddocroot">Moved <code>DocumentRoot</code></a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#fallback-resource">Fallback Resource</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#rewrite-query">Rewrite query string</a></li>
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</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">Module documentation</a></li><li><a href="intro.html">mod_rewrite introduction</a></li><li><a href="access.html">Controlling access</a></li><li><a href="vhosts.html">Virtual hosts</a></li><li><a href="proxy.html">Proxying</a></li><li><a href="rewritemap.html">Using RewriteMap</a></li><li><a href="advanced.html">Advanced techniques</a></li><li><a href="avoid.html">When not to use mod_rewrite</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="old-to-new" id="old-to-new">From Old to New (internal)</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#old-to-new" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Assume we have recently renamed the page
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<code>foo.html</code> to <code>bar.html</code> and now want
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to provide the old URL for backward compatibility. However,
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we want that users of the old URL even not recognize that
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the pages was renamed - that is, we don't want the address to
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change in their browser.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>We rewrite the old URL to the new one internally via the
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following rule:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
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RewriteRule "^<strong>/foo</strong>\.html$" "<strong>/bar</strong>.html" [PT]</pre>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="old-to-new-extern" id="old-to-new-extern">Rewriting From Old to New (external)</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#old-to-new-extern" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Assume again that we have recently renamed the page
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<code>foo.html</code> to <code>bar.html</code> and now want
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to provide the old URL for backward compatibility. But this
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time we want that the users of the old URL get hinted to
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the new one, i.e. their browsers Location field should
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change, too.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>We force a HTTP redirect to the new URL which leads to a
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change of the browsers and thus the users view:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
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RewriteRule "^<strong>/foo</strong>\.html$" "<strong>bar</strong>.html" [<strong>R</strong>]</pre>
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</dd>
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<dt>Discussion</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>In this example, as contrasted to the <a href="#old-to-new-intern">internal</a> example above, we can simply
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use the Redirect directive. mod_rewrite was used in that earlier
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example in order to hide the redirect from the client:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Redirect "/foo.html" "/bar.html"</pre>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="movehomedirs" id="movehomedirs">Resource Moved to Another Server</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#movehomedirs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>If a resource has moved to another server, you may wish to have
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URLs continue to work for a time on the old server while people
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update their bookmarks.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>You can use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html">mod_rewrite</a></code> to redirect these URLs
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to the new server, but you might also consider using the Redirect
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or RedirectMatch directive.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#With mod_rewrite
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RewriteEngine on
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RewriteRule "^/docs/(.+)" "http://new.example.com/docs/$1" [R,L]</pre>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#With RedirectMatch
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RedirectMatch "^/docs/(.*)" "http://new.example.com/docs/$1"</pre>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#With Redirect
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Redirect "/docs/" "http://new.example.com/docs/"</pre>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="static-to-dynamic" id="static-to-dynamic">From Static to Dynamic</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#static-to-dynamic" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>How can we transform a static page
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<code>foo.html</code> into a dynamic variant
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<code>foo.cgi</code> in a seamless way, i.e. without notice
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by the browser/user.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>We just rewrite the URL to the CGI-script and force the
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handler to be <strong>cgi-script</strong> so that it is
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executed as a CGI program.
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This way a request to <code>/~quux/foo.html</code>
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internally leads to the invocation of
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<code>/~quux/foo.cgi</code>.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
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RewriteBase "/~quux/"
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RewriteRule "^foo\.html$" "foo.cgi" [H=<strong>cgi-script</strong>]</pre>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="backward-compatibility" id="backward-compatibility">Backward Compatibility for file extension change</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#backward-compatibility" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>How can we make URLs backward compatible (still
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existing virtually) after migrating <code>document.YYYY</code>
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to <code>document.XXXX</code>, e.g. after translating a
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bunch of <code>.html</code> files to <code>.php</code>?</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>We rewrite the name to its basename and test for
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existence of the new extension. If it exists, we take
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that name, else we rewrite the URL to its original state.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># backward compatibility ruleset for
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# rewriting document.html to document.php
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# when and only when document.php exists
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<Directory "/var/www/htdocs">
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RewriteEngine on
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RewriteBase "/var/www/htdocs"
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RewriteCond "$1.php" -f
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RewriteCond "$1.html" !-f
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RewriteRule "^(.*).html$" "$1.php"
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</Directory></pre>
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</dd>
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<dt>Discussion</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This example uses an often-overlooked feature of mod_rewrite,
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by taking advantage of the order of execution of the ruleset. In
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particular, mod_rewrite evaluates the left-hand-side of the
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RewriteRule before it evaluates the RewriteCond directives.
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Consequently, $1 is already defined by the time the RewriteCond
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directives are evaluated. This allows us to test for the existence
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of the original (<code>document.html</code>) and target
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(<code>document.php</code>) files using the same base filename.</p>
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<p>This ruleset is designed to use in a per-directory context (In a
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<Directory> block or in a .htaccess file), so that the
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<code>-f</code> checks are looking at the correct directory path.
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You may need to set a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritebase">RewriteBase</a></code> directive to specify the
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directory base that you're working in.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="canonicalhost" id="canonicalhost">Canonical Hostnames</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#canonicalhost" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>The goal of this rule is to force the use of a particular
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hostname, in preference to other hostnames which may be used to
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reach the same site. For example, if you wish to force the use
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of <strong>www.example.com</strong> instead of
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<strong>example.com</strong>, you might use a variant of the
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following recipe.</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>The very best way to solve this doesn't involve mod_rewrite at all,
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but rather uses the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirect">Redirect</a></code>
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directive placed in a virtual host for the non-canonical
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hostname(s).</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><VirtualHost *:80>
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ServerName undesired.example.com
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ServerAlias example.com notthis.example.com
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Redirect "/" "http://www.example.com/"
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</VirtualHost>
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<VirtualHost *:80>
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ServerName www.example.com
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</VirtualHost></pre>
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<p>You can alternatively accomplish this using the
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<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#if"><If></a></code>
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directive: (<strong>2.4 and later</strong>)</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><If "%{HTTP_HOST} != 'www.example.com'">
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Redirect "/" "http://www.example.com/"
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</If></pre>
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<p>Or, for example, to redirect a portion of your site to HTTPS, you
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might do the following:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><If "%{SERVER_PROTOCOL} != 'HTTPS'">
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Redirect "/admin/" "https://www.example.com/admin/"
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</If></pre>
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<p>If, for whatever reason, you still want to use <code>mod_rewrite</code>
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- if, for example, you need this to work with a larger set of RewriteRules -
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you might use one of the recipes below.</p>
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<p>For sites running on a port other than 80:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^www\.example\.com" [NC]
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RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^$"
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RewriteCond "%{SERVER_PORT}" "!^80$"
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RewriteRule "^/?(.*)" "http://www.example.com:%{SERVER_PORT}/$1" [L,R,NE]</pre>
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<p>And for a site running on port 80</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^www\.example\.com" [NC]
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RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^$"
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RewriteRule "^/?(.*)" "http://www.example.com/$1" [L,R,NE]</pre>
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<p>
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If you wanted to do this generically for all domain names - that
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is, if you want to redirect <strong>example.com</strong> to
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<strong>www.example.com</strong> for all possible values of
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<strong>example.com</strong>, you could use the following
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recipe:</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^www\." [NC]
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RewriteCond "%{HTTP_HOST}" "!^$"
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RewriteRule "^/?(.*)" "http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/$1" [L,R,NE]</pre>
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<p>These rulesets will work either in your main server configuration
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file, or in a <code>.htaccess</code> file placed in the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> of the server.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="multipledirs" id="multipledirs">Search for pages in more than one directory</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#multipledirs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>A particular resource might exist in one of several places, and
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we want to look in those places for the resource when it is
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requested. Perhaps we've recently rearranged our directory
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structure, dividing content into several locations.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>The following ruleset searches in two directories to find the
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resource, and, if not finding it in either place, will attempt to
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just serve it out of the location requested.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
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# first try to find it in dir1/...
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# ...and if found stop and be happy:
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RewriteCond "%{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/<strong>dir1</strong>/%{REQUEST_URI}" -f
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RewriteRule "^(.+)" "%{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/<strong>dir1</strong>/$1" [L]
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# second try to find it in dir2/...
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# ...and if found stop and be happy:
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RewriteCond "%{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/<strong>dir2</strong>/%{REQUEST_URI}" -f
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RewriteRule "^(.+)" "%{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/<strong>dir2</strong>/$1" [L]
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# else go on for other Alias or ScriptAlias directives,
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# etc.
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RewriteRule "^" "-" [PT]</pre>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h2><a name="archive-access-multiplexer" id="archive-access-multiplexer">Redirecting to Geographically Distributed Servers</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#archive-access-multiplexer" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>Description:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>We have numerous mirrors of our website, and want to redirect
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people to the one that is located in the country where they are
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located.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt>Solution:</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Looking at the hostname of the requesting client, we determine
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which country they are coming from. If we can't do a lookup on their
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IP address, we fall back to a default server.</p>
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<p>We'll use a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code>
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directive to build a list of servers that we wish to use.</p>
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<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">HostnameLookups on
|
|
RewriteEngine on
|
|
RewriteMap multiplex "txt:/path/to/map.mirrors"
|
|
RewriteCond "%{REMOTE_HOST}" "([a-z]+)$" [NC]
|
|
RewriteRule "^/(.*)$" "${multiplex:<strong>%1</strong>|http://www.example.com/}$1" [R,L]</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="example"><p><code>
|
|
## map.mirrors -- Multiplexing Map<br />
|
|
<br />
|
|
de http://www.example.de/<br />
|
|
uk http://www.example.uk/<br />
|
|
com http://www.example.com/<br />
|
|
##EOF##
|
|
</code></p></div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Discussion</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="warning">This ruleset relies on
|
|
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostNameLookups</a></code>
|
|
being set <code>on</code>, which can be
|
|
a significant performance hit.</div>
|
|
|
|
<p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritecond">RewriteCond</a></code>
|
|
directive captures the last portion of the hostname of the
|
|
requesting client - the country code - and the following RewriteRule
|
|
uses that value to look up the appropriate mirror host in the map
|
|
file.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section">
|
|
<h2><a name="canonicalurl" id="canonicalurl">Canonical URLs</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#canonicalurl" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Description:</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>On some webservers there is more than one URL for a
|
|
resource. Usually there are canonical URLs (which are be
|
|
actually used and distributed) and those which are just
|
|
shortcuts, internal ones, and so on. Independent of which URL the
|
|
user supplied with the request, they should finally see the
|
|
canonical one in their browser address bar.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Solution:</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>We do an external HTTP redirect for all non-canonical
|
|
URLs to fix them in the location view of the Browser and
|
|
for all subsequent requests. In the example ruleset below
|
|
we replace <code>/puppies</code> and <code>/canines</code>
|
|
by the canonical <code>/dogs</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteRule "^/(puppies|canines)/(.*)" "/dogs/$2" [R]</pre>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Discussion:</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
This should really be accomplished with Redirect or RedirectMatch
|
|
directives:
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RedirectMatch "^/(puppies|canines)/(.*)" "/dogs/$2"</pre>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section">
|
|
<h2><a name="moveddocroot" id="moveddocroot">Moved <code>DocumentRoot</code></a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#moveddocroot" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Description:</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Usually the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
|
|
of the webserver directly relates to the URL "<code>/</code>".
|
|
But often this data is not really of top-level priority. For example,
|
|
you may wish for visitors, on first entering a site, to go to a
|
|
particular subdirectory <code>/about/</code>. This may be accomplished
|
|
using the following ruleset:</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Solution:</dt>
|
|
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>We redirect the URL <code>/</code> to
|
|
<code>/about/</code>:
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteEngine on
|
|
RewriteRule "^/$" "/about/" [<strong>R</strong>]</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that this can also be handled using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#redirectmatch">RedirectMatch</a></code> directive:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RedirectMatch "^/$" "http://example.com/about/"</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Note also that the example rewrites only the root URL. That is, it
|
|
rewrites a request for <code>http://example.com/</code>, but not a
|
|
request for <code>http://example.com/page.html</code>. If you have in
|
|
fact changed your document root - that is, if <strong>all</strong> of
|
|
your content is in fact in that subdirectory, it is greatly preferable
|
|
to simply change your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>
|
|
directive, or move all of the content up one directory,
|
|
rather than rewriting URLs.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section">
|
|
<h2><a name="fallback-resource" id="fallback-resource">Fallback Resource</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#fallback-resource" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Description:</dt>
|
|
<dd>You want a single resource (say, a certain file, like index.php) to
|
|
handle all requests that come to a particular directory, except those
|
|
that should go to an existing resource such as an image, or a css file.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Solution:</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>As of version 2.2.16, you should use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dir.html#fallbackresource">FallbackResource</a></code> directive for this:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Directory "/var/www/my_blog">
|
|
FallbackResource index.php
|
|
</Directory></pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>However, in earlier versions of Apache, or if your needs are more
|
|
complicated than this, you can use a variation of the following rewrite
|
|
set to accomplish the same thing:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Directory "/var/www/my_blog">
|
|
RewriteBase "/my_blog"
|
|
|
|
RewriteCond "/var/www/my_blog/%{REQUEST_FILENAME}" !-f
|
|
RewriteCond "/var/www/my_blog/%{REQUEST_FILENAME}" !-d
|
|
RewriteRule "^" "index.php" [PT]
|
|
</Directory></pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If, on the other hand, you wish to pass the requested URI as a query
|
|
string argument to index.php, you can replace that RewriteRule with:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">RewriteRule "(.*)" "index.php?$1" [PT,QSA]</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that these rulesets can be used in a <code>.htaccess</code>
|
|
file, as well as in a <Directory> block.</p>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl>
|
|
|
|
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section">
|
|
<h2><a name="rewrite-query" id="rewrite-query">Rewrite query string</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#rewrite-query" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Description:</dt>
|
|
<dd>You want to capture a particular value from a query string
|
|
and either replace it or incorporate it into another component
|
|
of the URL.</dd>
|
|
|
|
<dt>Solutions:</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p> Many of the solutions in this section will all use the same condition,
|
|
which leaves the matched value in the %2 backreference. %1 is the beginining
|
|
of the query string (up to the key of intererest), and %3 is the remainder. This
|
|
condition is a bit complex for flexibility and to avoid double '&&' in the
|
|
substitutions.</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>This solution removes the matching key and value:
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># Remove mykey=???
|
|
RewriteCond "%{QUERY_STRING}" "(.*(?:^|&))mykey=([^&]*)&?(.*)&?$"
|
|
RewriteRule "(.*)" "$1?%1%3"</pre>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>This solution uses the captured value in the URL substitution,
|
|
discarding the rest of the original query by appending a '?':
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># Copy from query string to PATH_INFO
|
|
RewriteCond "%{QUERY_STRING}" "(.*(?:^|&))mykey=([^&]*)&?(.*)&?$"
|
|
RewriteRule "(.*)" "$1/products/%2/?" [PT]</pre>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>This solution checks the captured value in a subsequent condition:
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># Capture the value of mykey in the query string
|
|
RewriteCond "%{QUERY_STRING}" "(.*(?:^|&))mykey=([^&]*)&?(.*)&?$"
|
|
RewriteCond "%2" !=not-so-secret-value
|
|
RewriteRule "(.*)" "-" [F]</pre>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>This solution shows the reverse of the previous ones, copying
|
|
path components (perhaps PATH_INFO) from the URL into the query string.
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># The desired URL might be /products/kitchen-sink, and the script expects
|
|
# /path?products=kitchen-sink.
|
|
RewriteRule "^/?path/([^/]+)/([^/]+)" "/path?$1=$2" [PT]</pre>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</dd>
|
|
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div></div>
|
|
<div class="bottomlang">
|
|
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/rewrite/remapping.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
|
<a href="../fr/rewrite/remapping.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
|
|
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
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