mirror of
https://github.com/apache/httpd.git
synced 2025-04-18 22:24:07 +03:00
01055edef2
git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/trunk@1907148 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
427 lines
30 KiB
XML
427 lines
30 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head>
|
||
<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
|
||
<!--
|
||
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
|
||
This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
|
||
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
|
||
-->
|
||
<title>mod_privileges - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
|
||
<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
|
||
<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
|
||
<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/css/prettify.css" />
|
||
<script src="../style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript">
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<div id="page-header">
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
|
||
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</p>
|
||
<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
|
||
<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div id="path">
|
||
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.5</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
|
||
<div id="page-content">
|
||
<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_privileges</h1>
|
||
<div class="toplang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_privileges.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
||
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_privileges.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Support for Solaris privileges and for running virtual hosts
|
||
under different user IDs.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>privileges_module</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_privileges.c</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache 2.3 and up, on Solaris 10 and
|
||
OpenSolaris platforms</td></tr></table>
|
||
<h3>Summary</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p>This module enables different Virtual Hosts to run with different
|
||
Unix <var>User</var> and <var>Group</var> IDs, and with different
|
||
<a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">Solaris Privileges</a>. In particular, it offers a solution to the
|
||
problem of privilege separation between different Virtual Hosts, first
|
||
promised by the abandoned perchild MPM. It also offers other security
|
||
enhancements.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Unlike perchild, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_privileges.html">mod_privileges</a></code>
|
||
is not itself an MPM. It works <em>within</em> a processing model to
|
||
set privileges and User/Group <em>per request</em> in a running process.
|
||
It is therefore not compatible with a threaded MPM, and will refuse
|
||
to run under one.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_privileges.html">mod_privileges</a></code> raises security issues similar to
|
||
those of <a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>. But unlike suexec,
|
||
it applies not only to CGI programs but to the entire request processing
|
||
cycle, including in-process applications and subprocesses.
|
||
It is ideally suited to running PHP applications under <strong>mod_php</strong>,
|
||
which is also incompatible with threaded MPMs. It is also well-suited
|
||
to other in-process scripting applications such as <strong>mod_perl</strong>,
|
||
<strong>mod_python</strong>, and <strong>mod_ruby</strong>, and to
|
||
applications implemented in C as apache modules where privilege
|
||
separation is an issue.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="quickview"><h3>Topics</h3>
|
||
<ul id="topics">
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#security">Security Considerations</a></li>
|
||
</ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
|
||
<ul id="toc">
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#dtraceprivileges">DTracePrivileges</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#privilegesmode">PrivilegesMode</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostcgimode">VHostCGIMode</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostcgiprivs">VHostCGIPrivs</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostgroup">VHostGroup</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostprivs">VHostPrivs</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostsecure">VHostSecure</a></li>
|
||
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#vhostuser">VHostUser</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&list_id=144532&product=Apache%20httpd-2&query_format=specific&order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&component=mod_privileges">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&component=mod_privileges">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3>
|
||
<ul class="seealso">
|
||
<li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="section">
|
||
<h2><a name="security" id="security">Security Considerations</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#security" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_privileges.html">mod_privileges</a></code> introduces new security concerns
|
||
in situations where <strong>untrusted code</strong> may be run
|
||
<strong>within the webserver process</strong>. This applies to
|
||
untrusted modules, and scripts running under modules such as
|
||
mod_php or mod_perl. Scripts running externally (e.g. as CGI
|
||
or in an appserver behind mod_proxy or mod_jk) are NOT affected.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>The basic security concerns with mod_privileges are:</p>
|
||
<ul><li>Running as a system user introduces the same security issues
|
||
as mod_suexec, and near-equivalents such as cgiwrap and suphp.</li>
|
||
<li>A privileges-aware malicious user extension (module or script)
|
||
could escalate its privileges to anything available to the
|
||
httpd process in any virtual host. This introduces new risks
|
||
if (and only if) mod_privileges is compiled with the
|
||
<var>BIG_SECURITY_HOLE</var> option.</li>
|
||
<li>A privileges-aware malicious user extension (module or script)
|
||
could escalate privileges to set its user ID to another system
|
||
user (and/or group).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">PrivilegesMode</code> directive allows you to
|
||
select either <var>FAST</var> or <var>SECURE</var> mode. You can
|
||
mix modes, using <var>FAST</var> mode for trusted users and
|
||
fully-audited code paths, while imposing SECURE mode where an
|
||
untrusted user has scope to introduce code.</p>
|
||
<p>Before describing the modes, we should also introduce the target
|
||
use cases: Benign vs Hostile. In a benign situation, you want to
|
||
separate users for their convenience, and protect them and the server
|
||
against the risks posed by honest mistakes, but you trust your users
|
||
are not deliberately subverting system security. In a hostile
|
||
situation - e.g. commercial hosting - you may have users deliberately
|
||
attacking the system or each other.</p>
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>FAST mode</dt>
|
||
<dd>In <var>FAST</var> mode, requests are run in-process with the
|
||
selected uid/gid and privileges, so the overhead is negligible.
|
||
This is suitable for benign situations, but is not secure against an
|
||
attacker escalating privileges with an in-process module or script.</dd>
|
||
<dt>SECURE mode</dt>
|
||
<dd>A request in <var>SECURE</var> mode forks a subprocess, which
|
||
then drops privileges. This is a very similar case to running CGI
|
||
with suexec, but for the entire request cycle, and with the benefit
|
||
of fine-grained control of privileges.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
<p>You can select different <code class="directive">PrivilegesMode</code>s for
|
||
each virtual host, and even in a directory context within a virtual
|
||
host. <var>FAST</var> mode is appropriate where the user(s) are
|
||
trusted and/or have no privilege to load in-process code.
|
||
<var>SECURE</var> mode is appropriate to cases where untrusted code
|
||
might be run in-process. However, even in <var>SECURE</var> mode,
|
||
there is no protection against a malicious user who is able to
|
||
introduce privileges-aware code running <em>before the start of the
|
||
request-processing cycle.</em></p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DTracePrivileges" id="DTracePrivileges">DTracePrivileges</a> <a name="dtraceprivileges" id="dtraceprivileges">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#dtraceprivileges" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether the privileges required by dtrace are enabled.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>DTracePrivileges On|Off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>DTracePrivileges Off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>This server-wide directive determines whether Apache will run with
|
||
the <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">privileges</a> required to run
|
||
<a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/content/dtrace/">dtrace</a>.
|
||
Note that <var>DTracePrivileges On</var> will not in itself
|
||
activate DTrace, but <var>DTracePrivileges Off</var> will prevent
|
||
it working.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="PrivilegesMode" id="PrivilegesMode">PrivilegesMode</a> <a name="privilegesmode" id="privilegesmode">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#privilegesmode" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Trade off processing speed and efficiency vs security against
|
||
malicious privileges-aware code.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>PrivilegesMode FAST|SECURE|SELECTIVE</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>PrivilegesMode FAST</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table><p>This directive trades off performance vs security against
|
||
malicious, privileges-aware code. In <var>SECURE</var> mode, each request
|
||
runs in a secure subprocess, incurring a substantial performance penalty.
|
||
In <var>FAST</var> mode, the server is not protected against escalation
|
||
of privileges as discussed above.</p>
|
||
<p>This directive differs slightly between a <code><Directory></code>
|
||
context (including equivalents such as Location/Files/If) and a
|
||
top-level or <code><VirtualHost></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>At top-level, it sets a default that will be inherited by virtualhosts.
|
||
In a virtual host, FAST or SECURE mode acts on the entire
|
||
HTTP request, and any settings in a <code><Directory></code>
|
||
context will be <strong>ignored</strong>. A third pseudo-mode
|
||
SELECTIVE defers the choice of FAST vs SECURE to directives in a
|
||
<code><Directory></code> context.</p>
|
||
<p>In a <code><Directory></code> context, it is applicable only
|
||
where SELECTIVE mode was set for the VirtualHost. Only
|
||
FAST or SECURE can be set in this context (SELECTIVE would be
|
||
meaningless).</p>
|
||
<div class="warning"><h3>Warning</h3>
|
||
Where SELECTIVE mode is selected for a virtual host, the activation
|
||
of privileges must be deferred until <em>after</em> the mapping
|
||
phase of request processing has determined what
|
||
<code><Directory></code> context applies to the request.
|
||
This might give an attacker opportunities to introduce
|
||
code through a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code>
|
||
running at top-level or <code><VirtualHost></code> context
|
||
<em>before</em> privileges have been dropped and userid/gid set.
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostCGIMode" id="VHostCGIMode">VHostCGIMode</a> <a name="vhostcgimode" id="vhostcgimode">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostcgimode" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether the virtualhost can run
|
||
subprocesses, and the privileges available to subprocesses.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostCGIMode On|Off|Secure</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VHostCGIMode On</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Determines whether the virtual host is allowed to run fork and exec,
|
||
the <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">privileges</a> required to run subprocesses. If this is set to
|
||
<var>Off</var> the virtualhost is denied the privileges and will not
|
||
be able to run traditional CGI programs or scripts under the traditional
|
||
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>, nor similar external programs such as those
|
||
created by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ext_filter.html">mod_ext_filter</a></code> or
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritemap">RewriteMap</a></code> <var>prog</var>.
|
||
Note that it does not prevent CGI programs running under alternative
|
||
process and security models such as <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/mod_fcgid/">mod_fcgid</a>, which is a recommended solution in Solaris.</p>
|
||
<p>If set to <var>On</var> or <var>Secure</var>, the virtual host
|
||
is permitted to run external programs and scripts as above.
|
||
Setting <code class="directive">VHostCGIMode</code> <var>Secure</var> has
|
||
the effect of denying privileges to the subprocesses, as described
|
||
for <code class="directive">VHostSecure</code>.</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostCGIPrivs" id="VHostCGIPrivs">VHostCGIPrivs</a> <a name="vhostcgiprivs" id="vhostcgiprivs">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostcgiprivs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Assign arbitrary privileges to subprocesses created
|
||
by a virtual host.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostCGIPrivs [+-]?<var>privilege-name</var> [[+-]?privilege-name] ...</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM)
|
||
and when <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_privileges.html">mod_privileges</a></code> is compiled with the
|
||
<var>BIG_SECURITY_HOLE</var> compile-time option.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p><code class="directive">VHostCGIPrivs</code> can be used to assign arbitrary <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">privileges</a> to subprocesses created by a virtual host, as discussed
|
||
under <code class="directive">VHostCGIMode</code>. Each <var>privilege-name</var>
|
||
is the name of a Solaris privilege, such as <var>file_setid</var>
|
||
or <var>sys_nfs</var>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>A <var>privilege-name</var> may optionally be prefixed by
|
||
+ or -, which will respectively allow or deny a privilege.
|
||
If used with neither + nor -, all privileges otherwise assigned
|
||
to the virtualhost will be denied. You can use this to override
|
||
any of the default sets and construct your own privilege set.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
||
<p>This directive can open huge security holes in apache subprocesses,
|
||
up to and including running them with root-level powers. Do not
|
||
use it unless you fully understand what you are doing!</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostGroup" id="VHostGroup">VHostGroup</a> <a name="vhostgroup" id="vhostgroup">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostgroup" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the Group ID under which a virtual host runs.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostGroup <var>unix-groupid</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Inherits the group id specified in
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#group">Group</a></code></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">VHostGroup</code> directive sets the Unix group
|
||
under which the server will process requests to a virtualhost.
|
||
The group is set before the request is processed and reset afterwards
|
||
using <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">Solaris Privileges</a>. Since the setting applies to the
|
||
<em>process</em>, this is not compatible with threaded MPMs.</p>
|
||
<p><var>Unix-group</var> is one of:</p>
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>A group name</dt>
|
||
<dd>Refers to the given group by name.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>#</code> followed by a group number.</dt>
|
||
<dd>Refers to a group by its number.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
||
<p>This directive cannot be used to run apache as root!
|
||
Nevertheless, it opens potential security issues similar to
|
||
those discussed in the <a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>
|
||
documentation.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3>See also</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#group">Group</a></code></li>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostPrivs" id="VHostPrivs">VHostPrivs</a> <a name="vhostprivs" id="vhostprivs">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostprivs" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Assign arbitrary privileges to a virtual host.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostPrivs [+-]?<var>privilege-name</var> [[+-]?privilege-name] ...</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>None</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM)
|
||
and when <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_privileges.html">mod_privileges</a></code> is compiled with the
|
||
<var>BIG_SECURITY_HOLE</var> compile-time option.</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p><code class="directive">VHostPrivs</code> can be used to assign arbitrary <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">privileges</a> to a virtual host. Each <var>privilege-name</var>
|
||
is the name of a Solaris privilege, such as <var>file_setid</var>
|
||
or <var>sys_nfs</var>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p>A <var>privilege-name</var> may optionally be prefixed by
|
||
+ or -, which will respectively allow or deny a privilege.
|
||
If used with neither + nor -, all privileges otherwise assigned
|
||
to the virtualhost will be denied. You can use this to override
|
||
any of the default sets and construct your own privilege set.</p>
|
||
|
||
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
||
<p>This directive can open huge security holes in apache, up to
|
||
and including running requests with root-level powers. Do not
|
||
use it unless you fully understand what you are doing!</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostSecure" id="VHostSecure">VHostSecure</a> <a name="vhostsecure" id="vhostsecure">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostsecure" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Determines whether the server runs with enhanced security
|
||
for the virtualhost.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostSecure On|Off</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VHostSecure On</code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>Determines whether the virtual host processes requests with
|
||
security enhanced by removal of <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">Privileges</a> that are rarely needed in a webserver, but which are
|
||
available by default to a normal Unix user and may therefore
|
||
be required by modules and applications. It is recommended that
|
||
you retain the default (On) unless it prevents an application running.
|
||
Since the setting applies to the <em>process</em>, this is not
|
||
compatible with threaded MPMs.</p>
|
||
<div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
|
||
<p>If <code class="directive">VHostSecure</code> prevents an application
|
||
running, this may be a warning sign that the application should be
|
||
reviewed for security.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
|
||
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VHostUser" id="VHostUser">VHostUser</a> <a name="vhostuser" id="vhostuser">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#vhostuser" class="permalink">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="directive">
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the User ID under which a virtual host runs.</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VHostUser <var>unix-userid</var></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Inherits the userid specified in
|
||
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#user">User</a></code></code></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>virtual host</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Experimental</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_privileges</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available on Solaris 10 and OpenSolaris with
|
||
non-threaded MPMs (<code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> or custom MPM).</td></tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>The <code class="directive">VHostUser</code> directive sets the Unix userid
|
||
under which the server will process requests to a virtualhost.
|
||
The userid is set before the request is processed and reset afterwards
|
||
using <a href="http://sosc-dr.sun.com/bigadmin/features/articles/least_privilege.jsp">Solaris Privileges</a>. Since the setting applies to the
|
||
<em>process</em>, this is not compatible with threaded MPMs.</p>
|
||
<p><var>Unix-userid</var> is one of:</p>
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>A username</dt>
|
||
<dd>Refers to the given user by name.</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dt><code>#</code> followed by a user number.</dt>
|
||
<dd>Refers to a user by its number.</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
|
||
<p>This directive cannot be used to run apache as root!
|
||
Nevertheless, it opens potential security issues similar to
|
||
those discussed in the <a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>
|
||
documentation.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3>See also</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#user">User</a></code></li>
|
||
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="bottomlang">
|
||
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_privileges.html" title="English"> en </a> |
|
||
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_privileges.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
|
||
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="https://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
|
||
var comments_shortname = 'httpd';
|
||
var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_privileges.html';
|
||
(function(w, d) {
|
||
if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") {
|
||
d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>');
|
||
var s = d.createElement('script');
|
||
s.type = 'text/javascript';
|
||
s.async = true;
|
||
s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier;
|
||
(d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s);
|
||
}
|
||
else {
|
||
d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>');
|
||
}
|
||
})(window, document);
|
||
//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer">
|
||
<p class="apache">Copyright 2023 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
|
||
<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
|
||
if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') {
|
||
prettyPrint();
|
||
}
|
||
//--><!]]></script>
|
||
</body></html> |