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<title>mod_access_compat - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.5</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/quickreference.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<div id="page-content">
<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_access_compat</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_access_compat.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
<a href="../es/mod/mod_access_compat.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_access_compat.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
<a href="../ja/mod/mod_access_compat.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a></p>
</div>
<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group authorizations based on host (name or IP
address)</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>access_compat_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_access_compat.c</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.3 as a compatibility module with
previous versions of Apache httpd 2.x. The directives provided by this module
have been deprecated by the new authz refactoring. Please see
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p>The directives provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code> are
used in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code>,
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#files">&lt;Files&gt;</a></code>, and
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location">&lt;Location&gt;</a></code> sections
as well as <code><a href="core.html#accessfilename">.htaccess</a>
</code> files to control access to particular parts of the server.
Access can be controlled based on the client hostname, IP address, or
other characteristics of the client request, as captured in <a href="../env.html">environment variables</a>. The <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are used to
specify which clients are or are not allowed access to the server,
while the <code class="directive"><a href="#order">Order</a></code>
directive sets the default access state, and configures how the
<code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives interact with each
other.</p>
<p>Both host-based access restrictions and password-based
authentication may be implemented simultaneously. In that case,
the <code class="directive"><a href="#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code> directive is used
to determine how the two sets of restrictions interact.</p>
<div class="warning"><h3>Note</h3>
<p>The directives provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_access_compat.html">mod_access_compat</a></code> have
been deprecated by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code>.
Mixing old directives like <code class="directive"><a href="#order">Order</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> with new ones like
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> is technically possible
but discouraged. This module was created to support
configurations containing only old directives to facilitate the 2.4 upgrade.
Please check the <a href="../upgrading.html">upgrading</a> guide for more
information.
</p>
</div>
<p>In general, access restriction directives apply to all
access methods (<code>GET</code>, <code>PUT</code>,
<code>POST</code>, etc). This is the desired behavior in most
cases. However, it is possible to restrict some methods, while
leaving other methods unrestricted, by enclosing the directives
in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limit">&lt;Limit&gt;</a></code> section.</p>
<div class="note"> <h3>Merging of configuration sections</h3>
<p>When any directive provided by this module is used in a new
configuration section, no directives provided by this module are
inherited from previous configuration sections.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#allow">Allow</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#deny">Deny</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#order">Order</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#satisfy">Satisfy</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&amp;list_id=144532&amp;product=Apache%20httpd-2&amp;query_format=specific&amp;order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&amp;component=mod_access_compat">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&amp;component=mod_access_compat">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3>
<ul class="seealso">
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html">mod_authz_core</a></code></li>
<li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Allow" id="Allow">Allow</a> <a name="allow" id="allow">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#allow" class="permalink">&para;</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls which hosts can access an area of the
server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Allow from all|<var>host</var>|env=[!]<var>env-variable</var>
[<var>host</var>|env=[!]<var>env-variable</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access_compat</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">Allow</code> directive affects which hosts can
access an area of the server. Access can be controlled by
hostname, IP address, IP address range, or by other
characteristics of the client request captured in environment
variables.</p>
<p>The first argument to this directive is always
<code>from</code>. The subsequent arguments can take three
different forms. If <code>Allow from all</code> is specified, then
all hosts are allowed access, subject to the configuration of the
<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#order">Order</a></code> directives as discussed
below. To allow only particular hosts or groups of hosts to access
the server, the <em>host</em> can be specified in any of the
following formats:</p>
<dl>
<dt>A (partial) domain-name</dt>
<dd>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from example.org
Allow from .net example.edu</pre>
<p>Hosts whose names match, or end in, this string are allowed
access. Only complete components are matched, so the above
example will match <code>foo.example.org</code> but it will not
match <code>fooexample.org</code>. This configuration will cause
Apache httpd to perform a double DNS lookup on the client IP
address, regardless of the setting of the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code> directive. It will do
a reverse DNS lookup on the IP address to find the associated
hostname, and then do a forward lookup on the hostname to assure
that it matches the original IP address. Only if the forward
and reverse DNS are consistent and the hostname matches will
access be allowed.</p></dd>
<dt>A full IP address</dt>
<dd>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from 10.1.2.3
Allow from 192.168.1.104 192.168.1.205</pre>
<p>An IP address of a host allowed access</p></dd>
<dt>A partial IP address</dt>
<dd>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from 10.1
Allow from 10 172.20 192.168.2</pre>
<p>The first 1 to 3 bytes of an IP address, for subnet
restriction.</p></dd>
<dt>A network/netmask pair</dt>
<dd>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from 10.1.0.0/255.255.0.0</pre>
<p>A network a.b.c.d, and a netmask w.x.y.z. For more
fine-grained subnet restriction.</p></dd>
<dt>A network/nnn CIDR specification</dt>
<dd>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from 10.1.0.0/16</pre>
<p>Similar to the previous case, except the netmask consists of
nnn high-order 1 bits.</p></dd>
</dl>
<p>Note that the last three examples above match exactly the
same set of hosts.</p>
<p>IPv6 addresses and IPv6 subnets can be specified as shown
below:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Allow from 2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea
Allow from 2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea/10</pre>
<p>The third format of the arguments to the
<code class="directive">Allow</code> directive allows access to the server
to be controlled based on the existence of an <a href="../env.html">environment variable</a>. When <code>Allow from
env=<var>env-variable</var></code> is specified, then the request is
allowed access if the environment variable <var>env-variable</var>
exists. When <code>Allow from env=!<var>env-variable</var></code> is
specified, then the request is allowed access if the environment
variable <var>env-variable</var> doesn't exist.
The server provides the ability to set environment
variables in a flexible way based on characteristics of the client
request using the directives provided by
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_setenvif.html">mod_setenvif</a></code>. Therefore, this directive can be
used to allow access based on such factors as the clients
<code>User-Agent</code> (browser type), <code>Referer</code>, or
other HTTP request header fields.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">SetEnvIf User-Agent ^KnockKnock/2\.0 let_me_in
&lt;Directory "/docroot"&gt;
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from env=let_me_in
&lt;/Directory&gt;</pre>
<p>In this case, browsers with a user-agent string beginning
with <code>KnockKnock/2.0</code> will be allowed access, and all
others will be denied.</p>
<div class="note"> <h3>Merging of configuration sections</h3>
<p>When any directive provided by this module is used in a new
configuration section, no directives provided by this module are
inherited from previous configuration sections.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Deny" id="Deny">Deny</a> <a name="deny" id="deny">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#deny" class="permalink">&para;</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls which hosts are denied access to the
server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Deny from all|<var>host</var>|env=[!]<var>env-variable</var>
[<var>host</var>|env=[!]<var>env-variable</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access_compat</td></tr>
</table>
<p>This directive allows access to the server to be restricted
based on hostname, IP address, or environment variables. The
arguments for the <code class="directive">Deny</code> directive are
identical to the arguments for the <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> directive.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Order" id="Order">Order</a> <a name="order" id="order">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#order" class="permalink">&para;</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls the default access state and the order in which
<code class="directive">Allow</code> and <code class="directive">Deny</code> are
evaluated.</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Order <var>ordering</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Order Deny,Allow</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access_compat</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">Order</code> directive, along with the
<code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and
<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives,
controls a three-pass access control system. The first pass
processes either all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives, as specified
by the <code class="directive">Order</code>
directive. The second pass parses the rest of the directives
(<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> or
<code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>). The third
pass applies to all requests which do not match either of the first
two.</p>
<p>Note that all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are
processed, unlike a typical firewall, where only the first match is
used. The last match is effective (also unlike a typical firewall).
Additionally, the order in which lines appear in the configuration
files is not significant -- all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> lines are processed as
one group, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> lines are considered as
another, and the default state is considered by itself.</p>
<p><em>Ordering</em> is one of:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>Allow,Deny</code></dt>
<dd>First, all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> directives are
evaluated; at least one must match, or the request is rejected.
Next, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>
directives are evaluated. If any matches, the request is rejected.
Last, any requests which do not match an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or a <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive are denied
by default.</dd>
<dt><code>Deny,Allow</code></dt>
<dd>First, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are
evaluated; if any match, the request is denied
<strong>unless</strong> it also matches an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> directive. Any
requests which do not match any <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are
permitted.</dd>
<dt><code>Mutual-failure</code></dt>
<dd>This order has the same effect as <code>Order
Allow,Deny</code> and is deprecated in its favor.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Keywords may only be separated by a comma; <em>no whitespace</em>
is allowed between them.</p>
<table class="bordered">
<tr>
<th>Match</th>
<th>Allow,Deny result</th>
<th>Deny,Allow result</th>
</tr><tr>
<th>Match Allow only</th>
<td>Request allowed</td>
<td>Request allowed</td>
</tr><tr>
<th>Match Deny only</th>
<td>Request denied</td>
<td>Request denied</td>
</tr><tr>
<th>No match</th>
<td>Default to second directive: Denied</td>
<td>Default to second directive: Allowed</td>
</tr><tr>
<th>Match both Allow &amp; Deny</th>
<td>Final match controls: Denied</td>
<td>Final match controls: Allowed</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>In the following example, all hosts in the example.org domain
are allowed access; all other hosts are denied access.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from example.org</pre>
<p>In the next example, all hosts in the example.org domain are
allowed access, except for the hosts which are in the
foo.example.org subdomain, who are denied access. All hosts not
in the example.org domain are denied access because the default
state is to <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>
access to the server.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Order Allow,Deny
Allow from example.org
Deny from foo.example.org</pre>
<p>On the other hand, if the <code class="directive">Order</code> in the
last example is changed to <code>Deny,Allow</code>, all hosts will
be allowed access. This happens because, regardless of the actual
ordering of the directives in the configuration file, the
<code>Allow from example.org</code> will be evaluated last and will
override the <code>Deny from foo.example.org</code>. All hosts not in
the <code>example.org</code> domain will also be allowed access
because the default state is <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>.</p>
<p>The presence of an <code class="directive">Order</code> directive can
affect access to a part of the server even in the absence of
accompanying <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>
and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>
directives because of its effect on the default access state. For
example,</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;Directory "/www"&gt;
Order Allow,Deny
&lt;/Directory&gt;</pre>
<p>will Deny all access to the <code>/www</code> directory
because the default access state is set to
<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>.</p>
<p>The <code class="directive">Order</code> directive controls the order of access
directive processing only within each phase of the server's
configuration processing. This implies, for example, that an
<code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive occurring in a
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location">&lt;Location&gt;</a></code> section will
always be evaluated after an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive occurring in a
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code> section or
<code>.htaccess</code> file, regardless of the setting of the
<code class="directive">Order</code> directive. For details on the merging
of configuration sections, see the documentation on <a href="../sections.html">How Directory, Location and Files sections
work</a>.</p>
<div class="note"> <h3>Merging of configuration sections</h3>
<p>When any directive provided by this module is used in a new
configuration section, no directives provided by this module are
inherited from previous configuration sections.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Satisfy" id="Satisfy">Satisfy</a> <a name="satisfy" id="satisfy">Directive</a> <a title="Permanent link" href="#satisfy" class="permalink">&para;</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Interaction between host-level access control and
user authentication</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Satisfy Any|All</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Satisfy All</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access_compat</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Access policy if both <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code> used. The parameter can be
either <code>All</code> or <code>Any</code>. This directive is only
useful if access to a particular area is being restricted by both
username/password <em>and</em> client host address. In this case
the default behavior (<code>All</code>) is to require that the client
passes the address access restriction <em>and</em> enters a valid
username and password. With the <code>Any</code> option the client will be
granted access if they either pass the host restriction or enter a
valid username and password. This can be used to password restrict
an area, but to let clients from particular addresses in without
prompting for a password.</p>
<p>For example, if you wanted to let people on your network have
unrestricted access to a portion of your website, but require that
people outside of your network provide a password, you could use a
configuration similar to the following:</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Require valid-user
Allow from 192.168.1
Satisfy Any</pre>
<p>
Another frequent use of the <code class="directive">Satisfy</code> directive
is to relax access restrictions for a subdirectory:
</p>
<pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;Directory "/var/www/private"&gt;
Require valid-user
&lt;/Directory&gt;
&lt;Directory "/var/www/private/public"&gt;
Allow from all
Satisfy Any
&lt;/Directory&gt;</pre>
<p>In the above example, authentication will be required for the
<code>/var/www/private</code> directory, but will not be required
for the <code>/var/www/private/public</code> directory.</p>
<p>Since version 2.0.51 <code class="directive">Satisfy</code> directives can
be restricted to particular methods by <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limit">&lt;Limit&gt;</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitexcept">&lt;LimitExcept&gt;</a></code> sections.</p>
<div class="note"> <h3>Merging of configuration sections</h3>
<p>When any directive provided by this module is used in a new
configuration section, no directives provided by this module are
inherited from previous configuration sections.</p>
</div>
<h3>See also</h3>
<ul>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code></li>
<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
</ul>
</div>
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