//
// Copyright (C) 2018 Codership Oy <info@codership.com>
//

/** @file client_state.hpp
 *
 *
 * Return value conventions:
 *
 * The calls which may alter either client_state or associated
 * transaction state will generally return zero on success and
 * non-zero on failure. More detailed error information is stored
 * into client state and persisted there until explicitly cleared.
 */

#ifndef WSREP_CLIENT_STATE_HPP
#define WSREP_CLIENT_STATE_HPP

#include "server_state.hpp"
#include "server_service.hpp"
#include "provider.hpp"
#include "transaction.hpp"
#include "client_id.hpp"
#include "client_service.hpp"
#include "mutex.hpp"
#include "lock.hpp"
#include "buffer.hpp"
#include "thread.hpp"

namespace wsrep
{
    class server_state;
    class provider;

    enum client_error
    {
        e_success,
        e_error_during_commit,
        e_deadlock_error,
        e_interrupted_error,
        e_size_exceeded_error,
        e_append_fragment_error,
        e_not_supported_error,
        e_timeout_error
    };

    static inline const char* to_c_string(enum client_error error)
    {
        switch (error)
        {
        case e_success:               return "success";
        case e_error_during_commit:   return "commit_error";
        case e_deadlock_error:        return "deadlock_error";
        case e_interrupted_error:     return "interrupted_error";
        case e_size_exceeded_error:   return "size_exceeded_error";
        case e_append_fragment_error: return "append_fragment_error";
        case e_not_supported_error:   return "not_supported_error";
        case e_timeout_error:         return "timeout_error";
        }
        return "unknown";
    }

    static inline std::string to_string(enum client_error error)
    {
        return to_c_string(error);
    }
    /**
     * Client State
     */
    class client_state
    {
    public:
        /**
         * Client mode enumeration.
         */
        enum mode
        {
            /** Locally operating client session. */
            m_local,
            /** High priority mode */
            m_high_priority,
            /** Client is in total order isolation mode */
            m_toi,
            /** Client is executing rolling schema upgrade */
            m_rsu
        };

        static const int n_modes_ = m_rsu + 1;
        /**
         * Client state enumeration.
         *
         */
        enum state
        {
            /**
             * Client session has not been initialized yet.
             */
            s_none,
            /**
             * Client is idle, the control is in the application which
             * uses the DBMS system.
             */
            s_idle,
            /**
             * The control of the client processing is inside the DBMS
             * system.
             */
            s_exec,
            /**
             * Client handler is sending result to client.
             */
            s_result,
            /**
             * The client session is terminating.
             */
            s_quitting
        };

        static const int state_max_ = s_quitting + 1;

        /**
         * Store variables related to global execution context.
         * This method should be called every time the thread
         * operating the client state changes.
         */
        void store_globals()
        {
            current_thread_id_ = wsrep::this_thread::get_id();
        }

        /**
         * Destructor.
         */
        virtual ~client_state()
        {
            assert(transaction_.active() == false);
        }

        /** @name Client session handling */
        /** @{ */
        /**
         * This method should be called when opening the client session.
         *
         * Initializes client id and changes the state to s_idle.
         */
        void open(wsrep::client_id);

        /**
         * This method should be called before closing the client session.
         *
         * The state is changed to s_quitting and any open transactions
         * are rolled back.
         */
        void close();

        /**
         * This method should be called after closing the client session
         * to clean up.
         *
         * The state is changed to s_none.
         */
        void cleanup();
        /** @} */

        /** @name Client command handling */
        /** @{ */
        /**
         * This mehod should be called before the processing of command
         * received from DBMS client starts.
         *
         * This method will wait until the possible synchronous
         * rollback for associated transaction has finished.
         * The method has a side effect of changing the client
         * context state to executing.
         *
         * @return Zero in case of success, non-zero in case of the
         *         associated transaction was BF aborted.
         */
        int before_command();

        /**
         * This method should be called before returning
         * a result to DBMS client.
         *
         * The method will check if the transaction associated to
         * the connection has been aborted. Rollback is performed
         * if needed. After the call, current_error() will return an error
         * code associated to the client state. If the error code is
         * not success, the transaction associated to the client state
         * has been aborted and rolled back.
         */
        void after_command_before_result();

        /**
         * Method which should be called after returning the
         * control back to DBMS client..
         *
         * The method will do the check if the transaction associated
         * to the connection has been aborted. If so, rollback is
         * performed and the transaction is left to aborted state.
         * The next call to before_command() will return an error and
         * the error state can be examined after after_command_before_resul()
         * is called.
         *
         * This method has a side effect of changing state to
         * idle.
         */
        void after_command_after_result();
        /** @} */

        /** @name Statement level operations */
        /** @{ */
        /**
         * Before statement execution operations.
         *
         * Check if server is synced and if dirty reads are allowed.
         *
         * @return Zero in case of success, non-zero if the statement
         *         is not allowed to be executed due to read or write
         *         isolation requirements.
         */
        int before_statement();

        /**
         * After statement execution operations.
         *
         * * Check for must_replay state
         * * Do rollback if requested
         */
        int after_statement();
        /** @} */

        /**
         * Perform cleanup after applying a transaction.
         */
        void after_applying()
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_high_priority);
            transaction_.after_applying();
        }

        /** @name Replication interface */
        /** @{ */
        /**
         * Start a new transaction with a transaction id.
         *
         * @todo This method should
         *       - Register the transaction on server level for bookkeeping
         *       - Isolation levels? Or part of the transaction?
         */
        int start_transaction(const wsrep::transaction_id& id)
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(mutex_);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.start_transaction(id);
        }

        /**
         * Append a key into transaction write set.
         */
        int append_key(const wsrep::key& key)
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_local);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.append_key(key);
        }

        /**
         * Append data into transaction write set.
         */
        int append_data(const wsrep::const_buffer& data)
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_local);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.append_data(data);
        }

        /** @} */

        /** @name Streaming replication interface */
        /** @{ */
        /**
         * This method should be called after every row operation.
         */
        int after_row()
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_local);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return (transaction_.streaming_context().fragment_size() ?
                    transaction_.after_row() : 0);
        }

        /**
         * Enable streaming replication.
         *
         * Currently it is not possible to change the fragment unit
         * for active streaming transaction.
         *
         * @param fragment_unit Desired fragment unit
         * @param fragment_size Desired fragment size
         *
         * @return Zero on success, non-zero if the streaming cannot be
         *         enabled.
         */
        int enable_streaming(
            enum wsrep::streaming_context::fragment_unit
            fragment_unit,
            size_t fragment_size);

        /**
         * Disable streaming for context.
         */
        void disable_streaming();

        void fragment_applied(wsrep::seqno seqno)
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_high_priority);
            transaction_.fragment_applied(seqno);
        }

        /**
         * Prepare write set meta data for ordering.
         * This method should be called before ordered commit or
         * rollback if the commit time meta data was not known
         * at the time of the start of the transaction.
         * This mostly applies to streaming replication.
         *
         * @param ws_handle Write set handle
         * @param ws_meta Write set meta data
         * @param is_commit Boolean to denote whether the operation
         *                  is commit or rollback.
         */
        int prepare_for_ordering(const wsrep::ws_handle& ws_handle,
                                 const wsrep::ws_meta& ws_meta,
                                 bool is_commit)
        {
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.prepare_for_ordering(
                ws_handle, ws_meta, is_commit);
        }
        /** @} */

        /** @name Applying interface */
        /** @{ */
        int start_transaction(const wsrep::ws_handle& wsh,
                              const wsrep::ws_meta& meta)
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(mutex_);
            assert(mode_ == m_high_priority);
            return transaction_.start_transaction(wsh, meta);
        }

        /** @name Commit ordering interface */
        /** @{ */
        int before_prepare()
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(mutex_);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.before_prepare(lock);
        }

        int after_prepare()
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(mutex_);
            assert(state_ == s_exec);
            return transaction_.after_prepare(lock);
        }

        int before_commit()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_exec || mode_ == m_local);
            return transaction_.before_commit();
        }

        int ordered_commit()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_exec || mode_ == m_local);
            return transaction_.ordered_commit();
        }

        int after_commit()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_exec || mode_ == m_local);
            return transaction_.after_commit();
        }
        /** @} */
        int before_rollback()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_idle ||
                   state_ == s_exec ||
                   state_ == s_result ||
                   state_ == s_quitting);
            return transaction_.before_rollback();
        }

        int after_rollback()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_idle ||
                   state_ == s_exec ||
                   state_ == s_result ||
                   state_ == s_quitting);
            return transaction_.after_rollback();
        }

        /**
         * This method should be called by the background rollbacker
         * thread after the rollback is complete. This will allow
         * the client to proceed with command execution.
         */
        void sync_rollback_complete()
        {
            assert(state_ == s_idle && mode_ == m_local &&
                   transaction_.state() == wsrep::transaction::s_aborted);
            cond_.notify_all();
        }
        /** @} */

        //
        // BF aborting
        //
        int bf_abort(wsrep::seqno bf_seqno)
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(mutex_);
            assert(mode_ == m_local);
            return transaction_.bf_abort(lock, bf_seqno);
        }

        //
        // Replaying
        //
        int start_replaying(const wsrep::ws_meta& ws_meta)
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_high_priority);
            return transaction_.start_replaying(ws_meta);
        }

        void adopt_transaction(const wsrep::transaction& transaction)
        {
            assert(mode_ == m_high_priority);
            transaction_.start_transaction(transaction.id());
            transaction_.streaming_context() = transaction.streaming_context();
        }

        /** @name Non-transactional operations */
        /** @{*/

        /**
         * Enter total order isolation critical section.
         *
         * @param key_array Array of keys
         * @param buffer Buffer containing the action to execute inside
         *               total order isolation section
         * @param flags  Provider flags for TOI operation
         *
         * @return Zero on success, non-zero otherwise.
         */
        int enter_toi(const wsrep::key_array& key_array,
                      const wsrep::const_buffer& buffer,
                      int flags);
        /**
         * Enter applying total order critical section.
         *
         * @param ws_meta Write set meta data
         */
        int enter_toi(const wsrep::ws_meta& ws_meta);

        /**
         * Return true if the client_state is under TOI operation.
         */
        bool in_toi() const
        {
            return (toi_meta_.seqno().is_undefined() == false);
        }

        /**
         * Return the mode where client entered into TOI mode.
         * The return value can be either m_local or
         * m_high_priority.
         */
        enum mode toi_mode() const
        {
            return toi_mode_;
        }
        /**
         * Leave total order isolation critical section.
         */
        int leave_toi();

        /**
         * Begin rolling schema upgrade operation.
         *
         * @param timeout Timeout in seconds to wait for committing
         *        connections to finish.
         */
        int begin_rsu(int timeout);

        /**
         * End rolling schema upgrade operation.
         */
        int end_rsu();

        /**
         * Begin non-blocking operation.
         */
        int begin_nbo(const wsrep::key_array&);

        /**
         * End non-blocking operation
         */
        int end_nbo();

        /**
         * Get reference to the client mutex.
         *
         * @return Reference to the client mutex.
         */
        wsrep::mutex& mutex() { return mutex_; }

        /**
         * Get server context associated the the client session.
         *
         * @return Reference to server context.
         */
        wsrep::server_state& server_state() const
        { return server_state_; }

        wsrep::client_service& client_service() const
        { return client_service_; }
        /**
         * Get reference to the Provider which is associated
         * with the client context.
         *
         * @return Reference to the provider.
         * @throw wsrep::runtime_error if no providers are associated
         *        with the client context.
         *
         * @todo Should be removed.
         */
        wsrep::provider& provider() const;

        /**
         * Get Client identifier.
         *
         * @return Client Identifier
         */
        client_id id() const { return id_; }

        /**
         * Get Client mode.
         *
         * @todo Enforce mutex protection if called from other threads.
         *
         * @return Client mode.
         */
        enum mode mode() const { return mode_; }

        /**
         * Get Client state.
         *
         * @todo Enforce mutex protection if called from other threads.
         *
         * @return Client state
         */
        enum state state() const { return state_; }

        /**
         * Return a const reference to the transaction associated
         * with the client state.
         */
        const wsrep::transaction& transaction() const
        {
            return transaction_;
        }

        const wsrep::ws_meta& toi_meta() const
        {
            return toi_meta_;
        }

        /**
         * Do sync wait operation. If the method fails, current_error()
         * can be inspected about the reason of error.
         *
         * @param Sync wait timeout in seconds.
         *
         * @return Zero on success, non-zero on error.
         */
        int sync_wait(int timeout);

        /**
         * Return the current sync wait GTID.
         *
         * Sync wait GTID is updated on each sync_wait() call and
         * reset to wsrep::gtid::undefined() in after_command_after_result()
         * method. The variable can thus be used to check if a sync wait
         * has been performend for the current client command.
         */
        const wsrep::gtid& sync_wait_gtid() const
        {
            return sync_wait_gtid_;
        }
        /**
         * Return the last written GTID.
         */
        const wsrep::gtid& last_written_gtid() const
        {
            return last_written_gtid_;
        }

        /**
         * Set debug logging level.
         *
         * Levels:
         * 0 - Debug logging is disabled
         * 1..n - Debug logging with increasing verbosity.
         */
        void debug_log_level(int level) { debug_log_level_ = level; }

        /**
         * Return current debug logging level. The return value
         * is a maximum of client state and server state debug log
         * levels.
         *
         * @return Current debug log level.
         */
        int debug_log_level() const
        {
            return std::max(debug_log_level_,
                            server_state_.debug_log_level());
        }

        //
        // Error handling
        //

        /**
         * Reset the current error state.
         *
         * @todo There should be some protection about when this can
         *       be done.
         */
        void reset_error()
        {
            current_error_ = wsrep::e_success;
        }

        /**
         * Return current error code.
         *
         * @return Current error code.
         */
        enum wsrep::client_error current_error() const
        {
            return current_error_;
        }

        enum wsrep::provider::status current_error_status() const
        {
            return current_error_status_;
        }
    protected:
        /**
         * Client context constuctor. This is protected so that it
         * can be called from derived class constructors only.
         */
        client_state(wsrep::mutex& mutex,
                     wsrep::condition_variable& cond,
                     wsrep::server_state& server_state,
                     wsrep::client_service& client_service,
                     const client_id& id,
                     enum mode mode)
            : owning_thread_id_(wsrep::this_thread::get_id())
            , current_thread_id_(owning_thread_id_)
            , mutex_(mutex)
            , cond_(cond)
            , server_state_(server_state)
            , client_service_(client_service)
            , id_(id)
            , mode_(mode)
            , toi_mode_()
            , state_(s_none)
            , state_hist_()
            , transaction_(*this)
            , toi_meta_()
            , allow_dirty_reads_()
            , sync_wait_gtid_()
            , last_written_gtid_()
            , debug_log_level_(0)
            , current_error_(wsrep::e_success)
            , current_error_status_(wsrep::provider::success)
        { }

    private:
        client_state(const client_state&);
        client_state& operator=(client_state&);

        friend class client_state_switch;
        friend class high_priority_context;
        friend class client_toi_mode;
        friend class transaction;

        void update_last_written_gtid(const wsrep::gtid&);
        void debug_log_state(const char*) const;
        void state(wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex>& lock, enum state state);
        void mode(wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex>& lock, enum mode mode);

        // Override current client error status. Optionally provide
        // an error status from the provider if the error was caused
        // by the provider call.
        void override_error(enum wsrep::client_error error,
                            enum wsrep::provider::status status =
                            wsrep::provider::success);

        wsrep::thread::id owning_thread_id_;
        wsrep::thread::id current_thread_id_;
        wsrep::mutex& mutex_;
        wsrep::condition_variable& cond_;
        wsrep::server_state& server_state_;
        wsrep::client_service& client_service_;
        wsrep::client_id id_;
        enum mode mode_;
        enum mode toi_mode_;
        enum state state_;
        std::vector<enum state> state_hist_;
        wsrep::transaction transaction_;
        wsrep::ws_meta toi_meta_;
        bool allow_dirty_reads_;
        wsrep::gtid sync_wait_gtid_;
        wsrep::gtid last_written_gtid_;
        int debug_log_level_;
        enum wsrep::client_error current_error_;
        enum wsrep::provider::status current_error_status_;
    };

    static inline const char* to_c_string(
        enum wsrep::client_state::state state)
    {
        switch (state)
        {
        case wsrep::client_state::s_none: return "none";
        case wsrep::client_state::s_idle: return "idle";
        case wsrep::client_state::s_exec: return "exec";
        case wsrep::client_state::s_result: return "result";
        case wsrep::client_state::s_quitting: return "quit";
        }
        return "unknown";
    }

    static inline std::string to_string(enum wsrep::client_state::state state)
    {
        return to_c_string(state);
    }

    static inline const char* to_c_string(enum wsrep::client_state::mode mode)
    {
        switch (mode)
        {
        case wsrep::client_state::m_local: return "local";
        case wsrep::client_state::m_high_priority: return "high priority";
        case wsrep::client_state::m_toi: return "toi";
        case wsrep::client_state::m_rsu: return "rsu";
        }
        return "unknown";
    }

    static inline std::string to_string(enum wsrep::client_state::mode mode)
    {
        return to_c_string(mode);
    }

    /**
     * Utility class to switch the client state to high priority
     * mode. The client is switched back to the original mode
     * when the high priority context goes out of scope.
     */
    class high_priority_context
    {
    public:
        high_priority_context(wsrep::client_state& client)
            : client_(client)
            , orig_mode_(client.mode_)
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(client.mutex_);
            client.mode(lock, wsrep::client_state::m_high_priority);
        }
        virtual ~high_priority_context()
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(client_.mutex_);
            assert(client_.mode() == wsrep::client_state::m_high_priority);
            client_.mode(lock, orig_mode_);
        }
    private:
        wsrep::client_state& client_;
        enum wsrep::client_state::mode orig_mode_;
    };

    /**
     *
     */
    class client_toi_mode
    {
    public:
        client_toi_mode(wsrep::client_state& client)
            : client_(client)
            , orig_mode_(client.mode_)
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(client.mutex_);
            client.mode(lock, wsrep::client_state::m_toi);
        }
        ~client_toi_mode()
        {
            wsrep::unique_lock<wsrep::mutex> lock(client_.mutex_);
            assert(client_.mode() == wsrep::client_state::m_toi);
            client_.mode(lock, orig_mode_);
        }
    private:
        wsrep::client_state& client_;
        enum wsrep::client_state::mode orig_mode_;
    };

}

#endif // WSREP_CLIENT_STATE_HPP