diff --git a/ChangeLog.d/fix-Marvin-attack.txt b/ChangeLog.d/fix-Marvin-attack.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..017f7b1f80 --- /dev/null +++ b/ChangeLog.d/fix-Marvin-attack.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +Security + * Fix a timing side channel in RSA private operations. This side channel + could be sufficient for a local attacker to recover the plaintext. It + requires the attacker to send a large number of messages for decryption. + For details, see "Everlasting ROBOT: the Marvin Attack", Hubert Kario. + Reported by Hubert Kario, Red Hat. diff --git a/include/mbedtls/rsa.h b/include/mbedtls/rsa.h index df665240d1..be831f19dc 100644 --- a/include/mbedtls/rsa.h +++ b/include/mbedtls/rsa.h @@ -684,6 +684,10 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_oaep_encrypt(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, * It is the generic wrapper for performing a PKCS#1 decryption * operation. * + * \warning When \p ctx->padding is set to #MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15, + * mbedtls_rsa_rsaes_pkcs1_v15_decrypt() is called, which is an + * inherently dangerous function (CWE-242). + * * \note The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be * as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N (for example, * 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used) to be able to hold an @@ -720,6 +724,11 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, * \brief This function performs a PKCS#1 v1.5 decryption * operation (RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5-DECRYPT). * + * \warning This is an inherently dangerous function (CWE-242). Unless + * it is used in a side channel free and safe way (eg. + * implementing the TLS protocol as per 7.4.7.1 of RFC 5246), + * the calling code is vulnerable. + * * \note The output buffer length \c output_max_len should be * as large as the size \p ctx->len of \p ctx->N, for example, * 128 Bytes if RSA-1024 is used, to be able to hold an diff --git a/include/psa/crypto_values.h b/include/psa/crypto_values.h index 5e33f6bd50..a17879b948 100644 --- a/include/psa/crypto_values.h +++ b/include/psa/crypto_values.h @@ -1736,6 +1736,13 @@ 0) /** RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 encryption. + * + * \warning Calling psa_asymmetric_decrypt() with this algorithm as a + * parameter is considered an inherently dangerous function + * (CWE-242). Unless it is used in a side channel free and safe + * way (eg. implementing the TLS protocol as per 7.4.7.1 of + * RFC 5246), the calling code is vulnerable. + * */ #define PSA_ALG_RSA_PKCS1V15_CRYPT ((psa_algorithm_t) 0x07000200) diff --git a/library/rsa.c b/library/rsa.c index 1bf5d13ca6..638585b88e 100644 --- a/library/rsa.c +++ b/library/rsa.c @@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C) #include "mbedtls/rsa.h" +#include "bignum_core.h" #include "rsa_alt_helpers.h" #include "mbedtls/oid.h" #include "mbedtls/platform_util.h" @@ -969,6 +970,45 @@ cleanup: return ret; } +/* + * Unblind + * T = T * Vf mod N + */ +static int rsa_unblind(mbedtls_mpi *T, mbedtls_mpi *Vf, const mbedtls_mpi *N) +{ + int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ERROR_CORRUPTION_DETECTED; + const mbedtls_mpi_uint mm = mbedtls_mpi_core_montmul_init(N->p); + const size_t nlimbs = N->n; + const size_t tlimbs = mbedtls_mpi_core_montmul_working_limbs(nlimbs); + mbedtls_mpi RR, M_T; + + mbedtls_mpi_init(&RR); + mbedtls_mpi_init(&M_T); + + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_core_get_mont_r2_unsafe(&RR, N)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_grow(&M_T, tlimbs)); + + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_grow(T, nlimbs)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_grow(Vf, nlimbs)); + + /* T = T * Vf mod N + * Reminder: montmul(A, B, N) = A * B * R^-1 mod N + * Usually both operands are multiplied by R mod N beforehand (by calling + * `to_mont_rep()` on them), yielding a result that's also * R mod N (aka + * "in the Montgomery domain"). Here we only multiply one operand by R mod + * N, so the result is directly what we want - no need to call + * `from_mont_rep()` on it. */ + mbedtls_mpi_core_to_mont_rep(T->p, T->p, N->p, nlimbs, mm, RR.p, M_T.p); + mbedtls_mpi_core_montmul(T->p, T->p, Vf->p, nlimbs, N->p, nlimbs, mm, M_T.p); + +cleanup: + + mbedtls_mpi_free(&RR); + mbedtls_mpi_free(&M_T); + + return ret; +} + /* * Exponent blinding supposed to prevent side-channel attacks using multiple * traces of measurements to recover the RSA key. The more collisions are there, @@ -1016,23 +1056,14 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, /* Temporaries holding the blinded exponents for * the mod p resp. mod q computation (if used). */ mbedtls_mpi DP_blind, DQ_blind; - - /* Pointers to actual exponents to be used - either the unblinded - * or the blinded ones, depending on the presence of a PRNG. */ - mbedtls_mpi *DP = &ctx->DP; - mbedtls_mpi *DQ = &ctx->DQ; #else /* Temporary holding the blinded exponent (if used). */ mbedtls_mpi D_blind; - - /* Pointer to actual exponent to be used - either the unblinded - * or the blinded one, depending on the presence of a PRNG. */ - mbedtls_mpi *D = &ctx->D; #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */ /* Temporaries holding the initial input and the double * checked result; should be the same in the end. */ - mbedtls_mpi I, C; + mbedtls_mpi input_blinded, check_result_blinded; if (f_rng == NULL) { return MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA; @@ -1067,8 +1098,8 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, mbedtls_mpi_init(&TP); mbedtls_mpi_init(&TQ); #endif - mbedtls_mpi_init(&I); - mbedtls_mpi_init(&C); + mbedtls_mpi_init(&input_blinded); + mbedtls_mpi_init(&check_result_blinded); /* End of MPI initialization */ @@ -1078,8 +1109,6 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, goto cleanup; } - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_copy(&I, &T)); - /* * Blinding * T = T * Vi mod N @@ -1088,6 +1117,8 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi(&T, &T, &ctx->Vi)); MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi(&T, &T, &ctx->N)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_copy(&input_blinded, &T)); + /* * Exponent blinding */ @@ -1103,8 +1134,6 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi(&D_blind, &P1, &Q1)); MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi(&D_blind, &D_blind, &R)); MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi(&D_blind, &D_blind, &ctx->D)); - - D = &D_blind; #else /* * DP_blind = ( P - 1 ) * R + DP @@ -1115,8 +1144,6 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi(&DP_blind, &DP_blind, &ctx->DP)); - DP = &DP_blind; - /* * DQ_blind = ( Q - 1 ) * R + DQ */ @@ -1125,12 +1152,10 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi(&DQ_blind, &Q1, &R)); MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi(&DQ_blind, &DQ_blind, &ctx->DQ)); - - DQ = &DQ_blind; #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */ #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT) - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&T, &T, D, &ctx->N, &ctx->RN)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&T, &T, &D_blind, &ctx->N, &ctx->RN)); #else /* * Faster decryption using the CRT @@ -1139,8 +1164,8 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, * TQ = input ^ dQ mod Q */ - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&TP, &T, DP, &ctx->P, &ctx->RP)); - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&TQ, &T, DQ, &ctx->Q, &ctx->RQ)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&TP, &T, &DP_blind, &ctx->P, &ctx->RP)); + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&TQ, &T, &DQ_blind, &ctx->Q, &ctx->RQ)); /* * T = (TP - TQ) * (Q^-1 mod P) mod P @@ -1156,20 +1181,19 @@ int mbedtls_rsa_private(mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx, MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi(&T, &TQ, &TP)); #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */ + /* Verify the result to prevent glitching attacks. */ + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&check_result_blinded, &T, &ctx->E, + &ctx->N, &ctx->RN)); + if (mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi(&check_result_blinded, &input_blinded) != 0) { + ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED; + goto cleanup; + } + /* * Unblind * T = T * Vf mod N */ - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi(&T, &T, &ctx->Vf)); - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi(&T, &T, &ctx->N)); - - /* Verify the result to prevent glitching attacks. */ - MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod(&C, &T, &ctx->E, - &ctx->N, &ctx->RN)); - if (mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi(&C, &I) != 0) { - ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED; - goto cleanup; - } + MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(rsa_unblind(&T, &ctx->Vf, &ctx->N)); olen = ctx->len; MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK(mbedtls_mpi_write_binary(&T, output, olen)); @@ -1198,8 +1222,8 @@ cleanup: mbedtls_mpi_free(&TP); mbedtls_mpi_free(&TQ); #endif - mbedtls_mpi_free(&C); - mbedtls_mpi_free(&I); + mbedtls_mpi_free(&check_result_blinded); + mbedtls_mpi_free(&input_blinded); if (ret != 0 && ret >= -0x007f) { return MBEDTLS_ERROR_ADD(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_PRIVATE_FAILED, ret);