diff --git a/include/mbedtls/error.h b/include/mbedtls/error.h
index 186589ac5b..635f7cd842 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/error.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/error.h
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
  * MD        5   5
  * HKDF      5   1 (Started from top)
  * PKCS7     5   12 (Started from 0x5300)
- * SSL       5   2 (Started from 0x5F00)
+ * SSL       5   3 (Started from 0x5F00)
  * CIPHER    6   8 (Started from 0x6080)
  * SSL       6   22 (Started from top, plus 0x6000)
  * SSL       7   20 (Started from 0x7000, gaps at
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/ssl.h b/include/mbedtls/ssl.h
index 566ec0e196..c46216e2c0 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/ssl.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/ssl.h
@@ -166,6 +166,39 @@
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_VERSION_MISMATCH                  -0x5F00
 /** Invalid value in SSL config */
 #define MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_CONFIG                        -0x5E80
+/* Error space gap */
+/** Attempt to verify a certificate without an expected hostname.
+ * This is usually insecure.
+ *
+ * In TLS clients, when a client authenticates a server through its
+ * certificate, the client normally checks three things:
+ * - the certificate chain must be valid;
+ * - the chain must start from a trusted CA;
+ * - the certificate must cover the server name that is expected by the client.
+ *
+ * Omitting any of these checks is generally insecure, and can allow a
+ * malicious server to impersonate a legitimate server.
+ *
+ * The third check may be safely skipped in some unusual scenarios,
+ * such as networks where eavesdropping is a risk but not active attacks,
+ * or a private PKI where the client equally trusts all servers that are
+ * accredited by the root CA.
+ *
+ * You should call mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname() with the expected server name
+ * before starting a TLS handshake on a client (unless the client is
+ * set up to only use PSK-based authentication, which does not rely on the
+ * host name). If you have determined that server name verification is not
+ * required for security in your scenario, call mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname()
+ * with \p NULL as the server name.
+ *
+ * This error is raised if all of the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * - A TLS client is configured with the authentication mode
+ *   #MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED (default).
+ * - Certificate authentication is enabled.
+ * - The client does not call mbedtls_ssl_set_hostname().
+ */
+#define MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CERTIFICATE_VERIFICATION_WITHOUT_HOSTNAME  -0x5D80
 
 /*
  * Constants from RFC 8446 for TLS 1.3 PSK modes