Set behavior of sprintf-like functions with overlapping source and destination

According to ISO C99, passing the same buffer as source and destination
to sprintf, snprintf, vsprintf, or vsnprintf has undefined behavior.
Until the commit

  commit 4e2f43f842
  Author: Zack Weinberg <zackw@panix.com>
  Date:   Wed Mar 7 14:32:03 2018 -0500

      Use PRINTF_FORTIFY instead of _IO_FLAGS2_FORTIFY (bug 11319)

a call to sprintf or vsprintf with overlapping buffers, for instance
vsprintf (buf, "%sTEXT", buf), would append `TEXT' into buf, while a
call to snprintf or vsnprintf would override the contents of buf.
After the aforementioned commit, the behavior of sprintf and vsprintf
changed (so that they also override the contents of buf).

This patch reverts this behavioral change, because it will likely break
applications that rely on the previous behavior, even though it is
undefined by ISO C.  As noted by Szabolcs Nagy, this is used in SPEC2017
507.cactuBSSN_r/src/PUGH/PughUtils.c:

  sprintf(mess,"  Size:");
  for (i=0;i<dim+1;i++)
  {
      sprintf(mess,"%s %d",mess,pughGH->GFExtras[dim]->nsize[i]);
  }

More important to notice is the fact that the overwriting of the
destination buffer is not the only behavior affected by the refactoring.
Before the refactoring, sprintf and vsprintf would use _IO_str_jumps,
whereas __sprintf_chk and __vsprintf_chk would use _IO_str_chk_jumps.
After the refactoring, all use _IO_str_chk_jumps, which would make
sprintf and vsprintf report buffer overflows and terminate the program.
This patch also reverts this behavior, by installing the appropriate
jump table for each *sprintf functions.

Apart from reverting the changes, this patch adds a test case that has
the old behavior hardcoded, so that regressions are noticed if something
else unintentionally changes the behavior.

Tested for powerpc64le.

debug/vsprintf_chk.c

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ ___vsprintf_chk (char *s, int flag, size_t slen, const char *format,
      can only come from read-only format strings.  */
   unsigned int mode = (flag > 0) ? PRINTF_FORTIFY : 0;
 
+  /* Regardless of the value of flag, let __vsprintf_internal know that
+     this is a call from *printf_chk.  */
+  mode |= PRINTF_CHK;
+
   if (slen == 0)
     __chk_fail ();