diff --git a/ext/rbu/rbu10.test b/ext/rbu/rbu10.test
index a7c63cf6db..aa4db8a29f 100644
--- a/ext/rbu/rbu10.test
+++ b/ext/rbu/rbu10.test
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ do_test 1.1 {
 #
 ifcapable fts3 {
   do_execsql_test 2.0 {
-    CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE ft USING fts4(a, b, languageid='langid');
+    create virtual TABLE ft USING fts4(a, b, languageid='langid');
   }
   do_test 2.1 {
     apply_rbu {
diff --git a/ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c b/ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c
index 1a13b6c4ad..0299e12ce1 100644
--- a/ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c
+++ b/ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c
@@ -1194,7 +1194,9 @@ static void rbuTableType(
   assert( p->rc==SQLITE_OK );
   p->rc = prepareFreeAndCollectError(p->dbMain, &aStmt[0], &p->zErrmsg, 
     sqlite3_mprintf(
-          "SELECT (sql LIKE 'create virtual%%'), rootpage"
+          "SELECT "
+          " (sql COLLATE nocase BETWEEN 'CREATE VIRTUAL' AND 'CREATE VIRTUAM'),"
+          " rootpage"
           "  FROM sqlite_schema"
           " WHERE name=%Q", zTab
   ));
@@ -2727,7 +2729,7 @@ static RbuState *rbuLoadState(sqlite3rbu *p){
         break;
 
       case RBU_STATE_OALSZ:
-        pRet->iOalSz = (u32)sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 1);
+        pRet->iOalSz = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 1);
         break;
 
       case RBU_STATE_PHASEONESTEP:
diff --git a/manifest b/manifest
index e02de3e5c8..a243702032 100644
--- a/manifest
+++ b/manifest
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-C Merge\srecent\strunk\schanges\sinto\sthe\sbegin-concurrent-pnu\sbranch.
-D 2021-08-03T16:49:31.193
+C Merge\srecent\strunk\senhancements\sinto\sthe\sbegin-concurrent-pnu\sbranch.
+D 2021-08-09T19:33:21.140
 F .fossil-settings/empty-dirs dbb81e8fc0401ac46a1491ab34a7f2c7c0452f2f06b54ebb845d024ca8283ef1
 F .fossil-settings/ignore-glob 35175cdfcf539b2318cb04a9901442804be81cd677d8b889fcc9149c21f239ea
 F LICENSE.md df5091916dbb40e6e9686186587125e1b2ff51f022cc334e886c19a0e9982724
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ F ext/misc/zipfile.c b7261ef6dbc2d18924ff80c40fb5d56c9ccfee3f822a7d3d43b7c87af3d
 F ext/misc/zorder.c b0ff58fa643afa1d846786d51ea8d5c4b6b35aa0254ab5a82617db92f3adda64
 F ext/rbu/rbu.c 801450b24eaf14440d8fd20385aacc751d5c9d6123398df41b1b5aa804bf4ce8
 F ext/rbu/rbu1.test c62904bd9526dcdc3496a21199aaf14ae191bbadbf67f076bf16be6b3f2115c2
-F ext/rbu/rbu10.test 0a201c32202143f23c81c0144503da339786fc20acb7a2fda11601b65659f314
+F ext/rbu/rbu10.test 06d2bc934a03a0978e750cc9c95b419d9b0bcbec1fc77128e33e377c3a73240b
 F ext/rbu/rbu11.test 5c834cf491086b45e071eabf71f708febc143e86a384a92de69e0b1a4cace144
 F ext/rbu/rbu12.test 29f8b2118f6c96fac3755bd6d2b55c2db24f878b1f11fbfbe294f3a230a3dcdc
 F ext/rbu/rbu13.test 1285298e3360ec74511764841b3c174dcfe21da2f618c22febf1a20abd0365c2
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ F ext/rbu/rbuvacuum.test 55e101e90168c2b31df6c9638fe73dc7f7cc666b6142266d1563697
 F ext/rbu/rbuvacuum2.test b8e5b51dc8b2c0153373d024c0936be3f66f9234acbd6d0baab0869d56b14e6b
 F ext/rbu/rbuvacuum3.test 8addd82e4b83b4c93fa47428eae4fd0dbf410f8512c186f38e348feb49ba03dc
 F ext/rbu/rbuvacuum4.test a78898e438a44803eb2bc897ba3323373c9f277418e2d6d76e90f2f1dbccfd10
-F ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c badb52388467f58e67ef104c5276d1ac68b316a30f8ccb2f74eac733625ae236
+F ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.c d020eda938e3ed1c5227a7e1425751a9870f5d143542d806f8098c8cfa2eafa0
 F ext/rbu/sqlite3rbu.h 1dc88ab7bd32d0f15890ea08d23476c4198d3da3056985403991f8c9cd389812
 F ext/rbu/test_rbu.c 03f6f177096a5f822d68d8e4069ad8907fe572c62ff2d19b141f59742821828a
 F ext/repair/README.md 92f5e8aae749a4dae14f02eea8e1bb42d4db2b6ce5e83dbcdd6b1446997e0c15
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ F spec.template 86a4a43b99ebb3e75e6b9a735d5fd293a24e90ca
 F sqlite.pc.in 42b7bf0d02e08b9e77734a47798d1a55a9e0716b
 F sqlite3.1 fc7ad8990fc8409983309bb80de8c811a7506786
 F sqlite3.pc.in 48fed132e7cb71ab676105d2a4dc77127d8c1f3a
-F src/alter.c 3ce23a6f06a789de05e0bfd581f9dd6367a50135def2688cfd0af78675cae676
+F src/alter.c 38975b971a4c36dbcc8004c74b492213a851ab368d29238c531a22636508a5d4
 F src/analyze.c abbaaf7dca79d1c31c713500324fc0b55bf3eeac5b7b07001452a3d0f210de4f
 F src/attach.c a514e81758ba7b3a3a0501faf70af6cfc509de8810235db726cfc9f25165e929
 F src/auth.c f4fa91b6a90bbc8e0d0f738aa284551739c9543a367071f55574681e0f24f8cf
@@ -493,27 +493,27 @@ F src/btmutex.c 8acc2f464ee76324bf13310df5692a262b801808984c1b79defb2503bbafadb6
 F src/btree.c 0003bd8a3a04dea14edc0343d37a1a2eeb44b297a2d6d37930417b09a2fbc8f1
 F src/btree.h 900067641b64d619e6e2a93bd115c952a52f41d3bee32e551e2a4ceee05fc431
 F src/btreeInt.h 1e9f10107a4ec5d2940ae5b859242ae83b81402986724bed08b8491a5ea64a4d
-F src/build.c 71d07b1b5eef2cb4ca3f0eafbb92d9faf56661db6e2dcc3a442f839bcd2c06fe
+F src/build.c a62affc85047dbba34df74bd938c6d6a8863d024cb2c0e8528c4bef7ae927f31
 F src/callback.c d0b853dd413255d2e337b34545e54d888ea02f20da5ad0e63585b389624c4a6c
 F src/complete.c a3634ab1e687055cd002e11b8f43eb75c17da23e
 F src/ctime.c 8159d5f706551861c18ec6c8f6bdf105e15ea00367f05d9ab65d31a1077facc1
 F src/date.c e0632f335952b32401482d099321bbf12716b29d6e72836b53ae49683ebae4bf
 F src/dbpage.c 8a01e865bf8bc6d7b1844b4314443a6436c07c3efe1d488ed89e81719047833a
 F src/dbstat.c 3aa79fc3aed7ce906e4ea6c10e85d657299e304f6049861fe300053ac57de36c
-F src/delete.c b43f0f4db586acf0b4078e3982485c26fbec984674df513d5ade48a08a323c5a
-F src/expr.c 0d541b9f9ecddf9d6d310f31922006f03509d7264ef53ac39c391b82a62383f9
+F src/delete.c 3ce6af6b64c8b476de51ccc32da0cb3142d42e65754e1d8118addf65b8bcba15
+F src/expr.c e98375fc63552cc8cdd36a41bdca3039cb603d9fe67abd9c9f40adae8405fbc5
 F src/fault.c 460f3e55994363812d9d60844b2a6de88826e007
-F src/fkey.c 7713a4e87755afbe85d1cb3e3e36b6a9989dc24a210a4e99bf2af9a9ae2851c2
+F src/fkey.c 1905af1821b88321e1bb9d6a69e704495b6844a9b6c29398d40117cc251e893c
 F src/func.c 016d367597b88bbac0f78979df343abf50b225f76a8f3780d258c6b5f4f6441a
 F src/global.c 5eba017ebbd887e2365e6e6e815e1619e41406b8946d17594e94116174787df5
 F src/hash.c 8d7dda241d0ebdafb6ffdeda3149a412d7df75102cecfc1021c98d6219823b19
 F src/hash.h 9d56a9079d523b648774c1784b74b89bd93fac7b365210157482e4319a468f38
 F src/hwtime.h cb1d7e3e1ed94b7aa6fde95ae2c2daccc3df826be26fc9ed7fd90d1750ae6144
 F src/in-operator.md 10cd8f4bcd225a32518407c2fb2484089112fd71
-F src/insert.c c6419bc4b447f3d4cdb7b1167690baaea3b796a80cea48e7cf26da65487d430d
+F src/insert.c 4ebff642574d3866316439b3dfce165f80e130e8969853c656d71b2afc5dd73c
 F src/legacy.c d7874bc885906868cd51e6c2156698f2754f02d9eee1bae2d687323c3ca8e5aa
 F src/loadext.c 0aa9e7f08e168e3874cb54984408e3976dafdf5616d511952c425b5ac088ea3e
-F src/main.c 46e139128fbcec8c20f32a49afd6b6f8593b2f76cf85ea63b27459c822fa3099
+F src/main.c 12ed31f370943d66d313baeb7969a15d8e6085f541ae613c1fbe0635bac5cab2
 F src/malloc.c cbc93cdd429c4594912017d92ab656e2579aca64dbd1c6888551275bed46f25b
 F src/mem0.c 6a55ebe57c46ca1a7d98da93aaa07f99f1059645
 F src/mem1.c c12a42539b1ba105e3707d0e628ad70e611040d8f5e38cf942cee30c867083de
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ F src/pager.h fdc30693c403aa9b4293d0b126346db7e450f8f0e5d2c1bb8355acb1cb8da6fd
 F src/parse.y 9aff0654f0a70f45324330d3eb89164add73258343382c046fdf603786f60e6b
 F src/pcache.c 385ff064bca69789d199a98e2169445dc16e4291fa807babd61d4890c3b34177
 F src/pcache.h 4f87acd914cef5016fae3030343540d75f5b85a1877eed1a2a19b9f284248586
-F src/pcache1.c 388304fd2d91c39591080b5e0f3c62cfba87db20370e7e0554062bfb29740e9f
+F src/pcache1.c 00541fef31d2798dc20308ee1fa46205b76ad1df2c871e9c9bfe9508e59ab54c
 F src/pragma.c af0f43789545622fd5377d71f6d4c0e7c9b9295a3f5d5b1242e4032d38ca12b5
 F src/pragma.h cc4eb73536553008c4442f3831fba7d4b069482750e960cddc3a7a22c7489d27
 F src/prepare.c 0d53d20532aada295c1690792a125adbd6435f5ce703ff0adf1b9b3605238b67
@@ -549,17 +549,17 @@ F src/printf.c 78fabb49b9ac9a12dd1c89d744abdc9b67fd3205e62967e158f78b965a29ec4b
 F src/random.c c6e61d041f230d46c658e6dfe7165fc1ecb0093d5fe28cfe74f389d261dc3af8
 F src/resolve.c 42b94d37a54200707a95566eff4f7e8a380e32d080016b699f23bd79a73a5028
 F src/rowset.c ba9515a922af32abe1f7d39406b9d35730ed65efab9443dc5702693b60854c92
-F src/select.c c265649aed27697c89fcb9390f872bd39a41d882d4bfe48bbbbcedc4d7de9e95
-F src/shell.c.in 24b99dae8818d1a234732d73f4d5b49f12b510bc62735a41c04e314fafae09e3
+F src/select.c 7706c492da75ac7cb6b00fd25df254ec450add02708ca43218ea9475ffca8ffd
+F src/shell.c.in f795a4ae3c35631f5edcfa754c7824ff1d8a75b23a07e22e664b50f82e826346
 F src/sqlite.h.in 838e545b26809e5b3e7af4ad8ec014a0f5761f3bf531857e001d256f150b9d1a
 F src/sqlite3.rc 5121c9e10c3964d5755191c80dd1180c122fc3a8
 F src/sqlite3ext.h e97f4e9b509408fea4c4e9bef5a41608dfac343b4d3c7a990dedde1e19af9510
-F src/sqliteInt.h e7c3298aafee4cc2dc4c12270ec18de24afb50132480acf8eb15b1eeec5afebc
+F src/sqliteInt.h 89c77974b522e1f336a5bc19e35e474be9144e5861d3760b10ef82b2d9c4d5af
 F src/sqliteLimit.h d7323ffea5208c6af2734574bae933ca8ed2ab728083caa117c9738581a31657
 F src/status.c 4b8bc2a6905163a38b739854a35b826c737333fab5b1f8e03fa7eb9a4799c4c1
 F src/table.c 0f141b58a16de7e2fbe81c308379e7279f4c6b50eb08efeec5892794a0ba30d1
 F src/tclsqlite.c 05663f6b5010b044eac0ef22fc8fb5ea3406d2502700a898261683258042c88b
-F src/test1.c bb6fe83c5a0e255930c14cc6f0b29414410661839fcdd95015abed823df636b4
+F src/test1.c 5d61bf9d984188b64ee7a4346856633ec5555028137f5f3a332bf5ef36c4a0a3
 F src/test2.c 3efb99ab7f1fc8d154933e02ae1378bac9637da5
 F src/test3.c 61798bb0d38b915067a8c8e03f5a534b431181f802659a6616f9b4ff7d872644
 F src/test4.c 7c4420e01c577b5c4add2cb03119743b1a357543d347773b9e717195ea967159
@@ -619,26 +619,26 @@ F src/trigger.c 3f612ce5f0858b6c23460a3c799d01f408b49b0b29d931d8b8e6fc224a8667de
 F src/update.c 440b9aae32b930fc8c40beff27cdc6060a2fc4c99d911e415f92bb8a4e6eab68
 F src/upsert.c 8789047a8f0a601ea42fa0256d1ba3190c13746b6ba940fe2d25643a7e991937
 F src/utf.c ee39565f0843775cc2c81135751ddd93eceb91a673ea2c57f61c76f288b041a0
-F src/util.c b18a971c8936e9299fecc00474269a11135989d6fe9bd91b1e52137d6f27bd8c
+F src/util.c e9fd5c474691a7c913dfc971f01cf6d3a3d5954db04e0764a6426f845505e692
 F src/vacuum.c a02ce4cb7c45741675bac31528b4bb7b8821727cf3306ade2b06361b4704b248
 F src/vdbe.c d17e7a89b8da8cd72c02c86808ab8b7406d0e9b104c1e793cf0df59744a409d0
 F src/vdbe.h 25dabb25c7e157b84e59260cfb5b466c3ac103ede9f36f4db371332c47601abe
 F src/vdbeInt.h 38206c8dd6b60ff03d9fd4f626b1b4fd0eef7cdc44f2fc2c1973b0f932a3f26b
 F src/vdbeapi.c aa5aaf2c37676b83af5724c6cd8207a3064ed46a217fd180957f75ac84f7a2a5
-F src/vdbeaux.c 6570e0d95dc7489775efa8a7cdccdc3c86a15a00281bda953edc26250009c78d
+F src/vdbeaux.c d27f21b5292f3fa693620396691ed735c20628c85d30dbd8e56b2f3e9dbb6779
 F src/vdbeblob.c 60a7694760e35b2bba166cf49eb6a1eb0b31581102b49de78008ca3032406065
 F src/vdbemem.c 53881aa0a7845922a075b3f375695588618098871a7a4120af4c297b80fa3e64
 F src/vdbesort.c cd5130f683706c1a43e165a74187745fb3351cb56052cf9dc91de820634bbde2
 F src/vdbetrace.c 666c6fd9f1b62be6999e072a45b913e3c2c3518bc60dfd4d54fe304130acb724
 F src/vdbevtab.c f99b275366c5fc5e2d99f734729880994ab9500bdafde7fae3b02d562b9d323c
-F src/vtab.c 75bdaec808be883b8bb69a1f0a479c3a359823c5a85a26497cd5d90d3c30b74b
+F src/vtab.c 88404ac1517903b3eb2abe256772ee95bb09f81ac0a17e13afe5d467df4de4ee
 F src/vxworks.h d2988f4e5a61a4dfe82c6524dd3d6e4f2ce3cdb9
 F src/wal.c e3a21abbd23d5c8f30fb03e545ba292d3640890968e62ef1604c4ff30c0f043a
 F src/wal.h 7ffe787437f20a098af347011967a6d3bb8e5c3dc645e6be59eff44d2b2c5297
 F src/walker.c 7342becedf3f8a26f9817f08436bdf8b56ad69af83705f6b9320a0ad3092c2ac
 F src/where.c 99b6e13664a7bd9a553c554978d0e253066995dade621f44cffa8928c8b493b5
 F src/whereInt.h 9248161dd004f625ce5d3841ca9b99fed3fc8d61522cf76340fc5217dbe1375b
-F src/wherecode.c ef36790a797fa679f58dbd51930e3ee7ef7cb6c906ae412032e4d319a36a2eef
+F src/wherecode.c 9b33f463a279feeee69622b747b0050f0b836eb8b5ac48599ba3a6bfbea798a7
 F src/whereexpr.c 3a9144a9d52e110efdc012a73b1574e7b2b4df4bf98949387cb620295eba0975
 F src/window.c 420167512050a0dfc0f0115b9f0c7d299da9759c9bb2ae83a61fb8d730a5707f
 F test/8_3_names.test ebbb5cd36741350040fd28b432ceadf495be25b2
@@ -1874,7 +1874,7 @@ F tool/mkshellc.tcl df5d249617f9cc94d5c48eb0401673eb3f31f383ecbc54e8a13ca3dd97e8
 F tool/mksourceid.c 36aa8020014aed0836fd13c51d6dc9219b0df1761d6b5f58ff5b616211b079b9
 F tool/mkspeedsql.tcl a1a334d288f7adfe6e996f2e712becf076745c97
 F tool/mksqlite3c-noext.tcl 4f7cfef5152b0c91920355cbfc1d608a4ad242cb819f1aea07f6d0274f584a7f
-F tool/mksqlite3c.tcl cf5686da672bc2e62cf868b7d53fc9a2aebf1b0e497164cbb9f647ec724ce0b2
+F tool/mksqlite3c.tcl bf9b40811aba68f73f2a8848fad9b1fb09fd54ab5b77e5227f18eea87ab60d92
 F tool/mksqlite3h.tcl 1f5e4a1dbbbc43c83cc6e74fe32c6c620502240b66c7c0f33a51378e78fc4edf
 F tool/mksqlite3internalh.tcl eb994013e833359137eb53a55acdad0b5ae1049b
 F tool/mkvsix.tcl b9e0777a213c23156b6542842c238479e496ebf5
@@ -1891,7 +1891,7 @@ F tool/showjournal.c 5bad7ae8784a43d2b270d953060423b8bd480818
 F tool/showlocks.c 9cc5e66d4ebbf2d194f39db2527ece92077e86ae627ddd233ee48e16e8142564
 F tool/showshm.c a0ab6ec32dd1f11218ca2a4018f8fb875b59414801ab8ceed8b2e69b7b45a809
 F tool/showstat4.c 0682ebea7abf4d3657f53c4a243f2e7eab48eab344ed36a94bb75dcd19a5c2a1
-F tool/showwal.c ad9d768f96ca6199ad3a8c9562d679680bd032dd01204ea3e5ea6fb931d81847
+F tool/showwal.c 0253c187ae16fdae9cde89e63e1dfcd3bb35e5416d066415f99e2f8cac6ab03d
 F tool/soak1.tcl 8d407956e1a45b485a8e072470a3e629a27037fe
 F tool/spaceanal.tcl 1b5be34c6223cb1af06da2a10fb77863eb869b1962d055820b0a11cf2336ab45
 F tool/speed-check.sh 8ba7c7c0dba37e664679974f5954f2282275271a5b92f890756e282df0bfc458
@@ -1936,7 +1936,7 @@ F vsixtest/vsixtest.tcl 6a9a6ab600c25a91a7acc6293828957a386a8a93
 F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.data 2ed517e100c66dc455b492e1a33350c1b20fbcdc
 F vsixtest/vsixtest.vcxproj.filters 37e51ffedcdb064aad6ff33b6148725226cd608e
 F vsixtest/vsixtest_TemporaryKey.pfx e5b1b036facdb453873e7084e1cae9102ccc67a0
-P 229107b196abe5ab458ce84361d4b1e40d9d077effab7ebe9caac475fb96f7c0 8b781dcaf68e0cf12a844708c82eee00193e340195cbca915d077e4846983bf3
-R 6e8a076deaa5f96183b2c50282f660d8
+P 2c25f25b22fe8e9c0da8a6ff5f2f117bd1716900c03acc8ed3ee8fce2286e15b d44f74f14a387960ce105913526b572f4a3d1935351c6aab10cee85946488a9e
+R c7a9f64e7c642ea0d9f63e5a904194e6
 U drh
-Z 7abb0669693129015ca62af888f39e55
+Z af6588b9e15a00d4124f4cbad636271b
diff --git a/manifest.uuid b/manifest.uuid
index fc805d5b02..2d3d2d3002 100644
--- a/manifest.uuid
+++ b/manifest.uuid
@@ -1 +1 @@
-2c25f25b22fe8e9c0da8a6ff5f2f117bd1716900c03acc8ed3ee8fce2286e15b
\ No newline at end of file
+514b3cef6b7403cde90dcc926d67355ad6340b79b6a1b06004d97bebfc4eaced
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/alter.c b/src/alter.c
index 0ca68c04f5..c059a62ecd 100644
--- a/src/alter.c
+++ b/src/alter.c
@@ -135,9 +135,7 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
   const char *zTabName;     /* Original name of the table */
   Vdbe *v;
   VTable *pVTab = 0;        /* Non-zero if this is a v-tab with an xRename() */
-  u32 savedDbFlags;         /* Saved value of db->mDbFlags */
 
-  savedDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;  
   if( NEVER(db->mallocFailed) ) goto exit_rename_table;
   assert( pSrc->nSrc==1 );
   assert( sqlite3BtreeHoldsAllMutexes(pParse->db) );
@@ -146,7 +144,6 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
   if( !pTab ) goto exit_rename_table;
   iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(pParse->db, pTab->pSchema);
   zDb = db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName;
-  db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin;
 
   /* Get a NULL terminated version of the new table name. */
   zName = sqlite3NameFromToken(db, pName);
@@ -287,7 +284,6 @@ void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
 exit_rename_table:
   sqlite3SrcListDelete(db, pSrc);
   sqlite3DbFree(db, zName);
-  db->mDbFlags = savedDbFlags;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -408,11 +404,9 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
   zCol = sqlite3DbStrNDup(db, (char*)pColDef->z, pColDef->n);
   if( zCol ){
     char *zEnd = &zCol[pColDef->n-1];
-    u32 savedDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
     while( zEnd>zCol && (*zEnd==';' || sqlite3Isspace(*zEnd)) ){
       *zEnd-- = '\0';
     }
-    db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin;
     /* substr() operations on characters, but addColOffset is in bytes. So we
     ** have to use printf() to translate between these units: */
     assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );
@@ -425,7 +419,6 @@ void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef){
       zTab
     );
     sqlite3DbFree(db, zCol);
-    db->mDbFlags = savedDbFlags;
   }
 
   v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
@@ -539,7 +532,6 @@ void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc){
     Column *pCol = &pNew->aCol[i];
     pCol->zCnName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pCol->zCnName);
     pCol->hName = sqlite3StrIHash(pCol->zCnName);
-    pCol->zCnColl = 0;
   }
   assert( !IsVirtual(pNew) );
   pNew->u.tab.pDfltList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pTab->u.tab.pDfltList, 0);
@@ -1506,7 +1498,7 @@ static void renameColumnFunc(
         sqlite3WalkSelect(&sWalker, pSelect);
       }
       if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto renameColumnFunc_done;
-    }else if( IsOrdinaryTable(sParse.pNewTable) ){
+    }else if( ALWAYS(IsOrdinaryTable(sParse.pNewTable)) ){
       /* A regular table */
       int bFKOnly = sqlite3_stricmp(zTable, sParse.pNewTable->zName);
       FKey *pFKey;
diff --git a/src/build.c b/src/build.c
index fc37d45bb6..925792aa6a 100644
--- a/src/build.c
+++ b/src/build.c
@@ -287,20 +287,22 @@ void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse *pParse){
 /*
 ** Run the parser and code generator recursively in order to generate
 ** code for the SQL statement given onto the end of the pParse context
-** currently under construction.  When the parser is run recursively
-** this way, the final OP_Halt is not appended and other initialization
-** and finalization steps are omitted because those are handling by the
-** outermost parser.
+** currently under construction.  Notes:
 **
-** Not everything is nestable.  This facility is designed to permit
-** INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations against the schema table.  Use
-** care if you decide to try to use this routine for some other purposes.
+**   *  The final OP_Halt is not appended and other initialization
+**      and finalization steps are omitted because those are handling by the
+**      outermost parser.
+**
+**   *  Built-in SQL functions always take precedence over application-defined
+**      SQL functions.  In other words, it is not possible to override a
+**      built-in function.
 */
 void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse *pParse, const char *zFormat, ...){
   va_list ap;
   char *zSql;
   char *zErrMsg = 0;
   sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
+  u32 savedDbFlags = db->mDbFlags;
   char saveBuf[PARSE_TAIL_SZ];
 
   if( pParse->nErr ) return;
@@ -319,7 +321,9 @@ void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse *pParse, const char *zFormat, ...){
   pParse->nested++;
   memcpy(saveBuf, PARSE_TAIL(pParse), PARSE_TAIL_SZ);
   memset(PARSE_TAIL(pParse), 0, PARSE_TAIL_SZ);
+  db->mDbFlags |= DBFLAG_PreferBuiltin;
   sqlite3RunParser(pParse, zSql, &zErrMsg);
+  db->mDbFlags = savedDbFlags;
   sqlite3DbFree(db, zErrMsg);
   sqlite3DbFree(db, zSql);
   memcpy(PARSE_TAIL(pParse), saveBuf, PARSE_TAIL_SZ);
@@ -684,8 +688,8 @@ void sqlite3ColumnSetExpr(
   assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );
   pList = pTab->u.tab.pDfltList;
   if( pCol->iDflt==0
-   || pList==0
-   || pList->nExpr<pCol->iDflt
+   || NEVER(pList==0)
+   || NEVER(pList->nExpr<pCol->iDflt)
   ){
     pCol->iDflt = pList==0 ? 1 : pList->nExpr+1;
     pTab->u.tab.pDfltList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pExpr);
@@ -702,12 +706,51 @@ void sqlite3ColumnSetExpr(
 */
 Expr *sqlite3ColumnExpr(Table *pTab, Column *pCol){
   if( pCol->iDflt==0 ) return 0;
-  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ) return 0;
-  if( pTab->u.tab.pDfltList==0 ) return 0;
-  if( pTab->u.tab.pDfltList->nExpr<pCol->iDflt ) return 0;
+  if( NEVER(IsVirtual(pTab)) ) return 0;
+  if( NEVER(pTab->u.tab.pDfltList==0) ) return 0;
+  if( NEVER(pTab->u.tab.pDfltList->nExpr<pCol->iDflt) ) return 0;
   return pTab->u.tab.pDfltList->a[pCol->iDflt-1].pExpr;
 }
 
+/*
+** Set the collating sequence name for a column.
+*/
+void sqlite3ColumnSetColl(
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  Column *pCol,
+  const char *zColl
+){
+  int nColl;
+  int n;
+  char *zNew;
+  assert( zColl!=0 );
+  n = sqlite3Strlen30(pCol->zCnName) + 1;
+  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HASTYPE ){
+    n += sqlite3Strlen30(pCol->zCnName+n) + 1;
+  }
+  nColl = sqlite3Strlen30(zColl) + 1;
+  zNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, pCol->zCnName, nColl+n);
+  if( zNew ){
+    pCol->zCnName = zNew;
+    memcpy(pCol->zCnName + n, zColl, nColl);
+    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_HASCOLL;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Return the collating squence name for a column
+*/
+const char *sqlite3ColumnColl(Column *pCol){
+  const char *z;
+  if( (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HASCOLL)==0 ) return 0;
+  z = pCol->zCnName;
+  while( *z ){ z++; }
+  if( pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HASTYPE ){
+    do{ z++; }while( *z );
+  }
+  return z+1;
+}
+
 /*
 ** Delete memory allocated for the column names of a table or view (the
 ** Table.aCol[] array).
@@ -720,7 +763,6 @@ void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTable){
     for(i=0; i<pTable->nCol; i++, pCol++){
       assert( pCol->zCnName==0 || pCol->hName==sqlite3StrIHash(pCol->zCnName) );
       sqlite3DbFree(db, pCol->zCnName);
-      sqlite3DbFree(db, pCol->zCnColl);
     }
     sqlite3DbFree(db, pTable->aCol);
     if( !IsVirtual(pTable) ){
@@ -1889,8 +1931,7 @@ void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse *pParse, Token *pToken){
 
   if( sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl) ){
     Index *pIdx;
-    sqlite3DbFree(db, p->aCol[i].zCnColl);
-    p->aCol[i].zCnColl = zColl;
+    sqlite3ColumnSetColl(db, &p->aCol[i], zColl);
   
     /* If the column is declared as "<name> PRIMARY KEY COLLATE <type>",
     ** then an index may have been created on this column before the
@@ -1899,12 +1940,11 @@ void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse *pParse, Token *pToken){
     for(pIdx=p->pIndex; pIdx; pIdx=pIdx->pNext){
       assert( pIdx->nKeyCol==1 );
       if( pIdx->aiColumn[0]==i ){
-        pIdx->azColl[0] = p->aCol[i].zCnColl;
+        pIdx->azColl[0] = sqlite3ColumnColl(&p->aCol[i]);
       }
     }
-  }else{
-    sqlite3DbFree(db, zColl);
   }
+  sqlite3DbFree(db, zColl);
 }
 
 /* Change the most recently parsed column to be a GENERATED ALWAYS AS
@@ -3559,7 +3599,7 @@ void sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse *pParse, int isDeferred){
   Table *pTab;
   FKey *pFKey;
   if( (pTab = pParse->pNewTable)==0 ) return;
-  if( IsVirtual(pTab) ) return;
+  if( NEVER(IsVirtual(pTab)) ) return;
   if( (pFKey = pTab->u.tab.pFKey)==0 ) return;
   assert( isDeferred==0 || isDeferred==1 ); /* EV: R-30323-21917 */
   pFKey->isDeferred = (u8)isDeferred;
@@ -4064,7 +4104,7 @@ void sqlite3CreateIndex(
       zExtra += nColl;
       nExtra -= nColl;
     }else if( j>=0 ){
-      zColl = pTab->aCol[j].zCnColl;
+      zColl = sqlite3ColumnColl(&pTab->aCol[j]);
     }
     if( !zColl ) zColl = sqlite3StrBINARY;
     if( !db->init.busy && !sqlite3LocateCollSeq(pParse, zColl) ){
diff --git a/src/delete.c b/src/delete.c
index 459e932b5e..0debce3cb8 100644
--- a/src/delete.c
+++ b/src/delete.c
@@ -188,13 +188,13 @@ Expr *sqlite3LimitWhere(
   }else{
     Index *pPk = sqlite3PrimaryKeyIndex(pTab);
     if( pPk->nKeyCol==1 ){
-      const char *zName = pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[0]].zName;
+      const char *zName = pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[0]].zCnName;
       pLhs = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName);
       pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, zName));
     }else{
       int i;
       for(i=0; i<pPk->nKeyCol; i++){
-        Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zName);
+        Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(db, TK_ID, pTab->aCol[pPk->aiColumn[i]].zCnName);
         pEList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pEList, p);
       }
       pLhs = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VECTOR, 0, 0);
diff --git a/src/expr.c b/src/expr.c
index 0f900c0c6c..34f14e3687 100644
--- a/src/expr.c
+++ b/src/expr.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
       ** a TK_COLUMN but was previously evaluated and cached in a register */
       int j = p->iColumn;
       if( j>=0 ){
-        const char *zColl = p->y.pTab->aCol[j].zCnColl;
+        const char *zColl = sqlite3ColumnColl(&p->y.pTab->aCol[j]);
         pColl = sqlite3FindCollSeq(db, ENC(db), zColl, 0);
       }
       break;
diff --git a/src/fkey.c b/src/fkey.c
index ee5aa5d98f..5888e558fb 100644
--- a/src/fkey.c
+++ b/src/fkey.c
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ int sqlite3FkLocateIndex(
           /* If the index uses a collation sequence that is different from
           ** the default collation sequence for the column, this index is
           ** unusable. Bail out early in this case.  */
-          zDfltColl = pParent->aCol[iCol].zCnColl;
+          zDfltColl = sqlite3ColumnColl(&pParent->aCol[iCol]);
           if( !zDfltColl ) zDfltColl = sqlite3StrBINARY;
           if( sqlite3StrICmp(pIdx->azColl[i], zDfltColl) ) break;
 
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ static Expr *exprTableRegister(
       pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
       pExpr->iTable = regBase + sqlite3TableColumnToStorage(pTab,iCol) + 1;
       pExpr->affExpr = pCol->affinity;
-      zColl = pCol->zCnColl;
+      zColl = sqlite3ColumnColl(pCol);
       if( zColl==0 ) zColl = db->pDfltColl->zName;
       pExpr = sqlite3ExprAddCollateString(pParse, pExpr, zColl);
     }else{
@@ -1422,8 +1422,8 @@ void sqlite3FkDelete(sqlite3 *db, Table *pTab){
   FKey *pNext;                    /* Copy of pFKey->pNextFrom */
 
   assert( !IsVirtual(pTab) );
-  assert( db==0 || sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pTab->pSchema) );
   for(pFKey=pTab->u.tab.pFKey; pFKey; pFKey=pNext){
+    assert( db==0 || sqlite3SchemaMutexHeld(db, 0, pTab->pSchema) );
 
     /* Remove the FK from the fkeyHash hash table. */
     if( !db || db->pnBytesFreed==0 ){
diff --git a/src/insert.c b/src/insert.c
index 06952586b0..0692198b1e 100644
--- a/src/insert.c
+++ b/src/insert.c
@@ -2843,7 +2843,8 @@ static int xferOptimization(
     if( pDestCol->affinity!=pSrcCol->affinity ){
       return 0;    /* Affinity must be the same on all columns */
     }
-    if( sqlite3_stricmp(pDestCol->zCnColl, pSrcCol->zCnColl)!=0 ){
+    if( sqlite3_stricmp(sqlite3ColumnColl(pDestCol), 
+                        sqlite3ColumnColl(pSrcCol))!=0 ){
       return 0;    /* Collating sequence must be the same on all columns */
     }
     if( pDestCol->notNull && !pSrcCol->notNull ){
diff --git a/src/main.c b/src/main.c
index 33ce3c3212..a09dc0a9be 100644
--- a/src/main.c
+++ b/src/main.c
@@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@ static int sqlite3Close(sqlite3 *db, int forceZombie){
 
   /* Convert the connection into a zombie and then close it.
   */
-  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE;
+  db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE;
   sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(db);
   return SQLITE_OK;
 }
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3 *db){
   ** or if the connection has not yet been closed by sqlite3_close_v2(),
   ** then just leave the mutex and return.
   */
-  if( db->magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE || connectionIsBusy(db) ){
+  if( db->eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE || connectionIsBusy(db) ){
     sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
     return;
   }
@@ -1392,7 +1392,7 @@ void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3 *db){
   sqlite3_free(db->auth.zAuthPW);
 #endif
 
-  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR;
+  db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_ERROR;
 
   /* The temp-database schema is allocated differently from the other schema
   ** objects (using sqliteMalloc() directly, instead of sqlite3BtreeSchema()).
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ void sqlite3LeaveMutexAndCloseZombie(sqlite3 *db){
   */
   sqlite3DbFree(db, db->aDb[1].pSchema);
   sqlite3_mutex_leave(db->mutex);
-  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED;
+  db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_CLOSED;
   sqlite3_mutex_free(db->mutex);
   assert( sqlite3LookasideUsed(db,0)==0 );
   if( db->lookaside.bMalloced ){
@@ -1790,7 +1790,7 @@ int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3 *db, int ms){
 */
 void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3 *db){
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_API_ARMOR
-  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) && (db==0 || db->magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE) ){
+  if( !sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(db) && (db==0 || db->eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE) ){
     (void)SQLITE_MISUSE_BKPT;
     return;
   }
@@ -3193,7 +3193,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
   sqlite3_mutex_enter(db->mutex);
   db->errMask = 0xff;
   db->nDb = 2;
-  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY;
+  db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_BUSY;
   db->aDb = db->aDbStatic;
   db->lookaside.bDisable = 1;
   db->lookaside.sz = 0;
@@ -3353,7 +3353,7 @@ static int openDatabase(
   db->aDb[1].zDbSName = "temp";
   db->aDb[1].safety_level = PAGER_SYNCHRONOUS_OFF;
 
-  db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN;
+  db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_OPEN;
   if( db->mallocFailed ){
     goto opendb_out;
   }
@@ -3420,7 +3420,7 @@ opendb_out:
     sqlite3_close(db);
     db = 0;
   }else if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
-    db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK;
+    db->eOpenState = SQLITE_STATE_SICK;
   }
   *ppDb = db;
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG
@@ -3769,7 +3769,7 @@ int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
   */ 
   if( pCol ){
     zDataType = sqlite3ColumnType(pCol,0);
-    zCollSeq = pCol->zCnColl;
+    zCollSeq = sqlite3ColumnColl(pCol);
     notnull = pCol->notNull!=0;
     primarykey  = (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0;
     autoinc = pTab->iPKey==iCol && (pTab->tabFlags & TF_Autoincrement)!=0;
diff --git a/src/pcache1.c b/src/pcache1.c
index 3eae6b63cd..286a98d36a 100644
--- a/src/pcache1.c
+++ b/src/pcache1.c
@@ -820,6 +820,9 @@ static void pcache1Cachesize(sqlite3_pcache *p, int nMax){
   if( pCache->bPurgeable ){
     PGroup *pGroup = pCache->pGroup;
     pcache1EnterMutex(pGroup);
+    if( nMax > 0xffff0000 - pGroup->nMaxPage + pCache->nMax ){
+      nMax = 0xffff0000 - pGroup->nMaxPage + pCache->nMax;
+    }
     pGroup->nMaxPage += (nMax - pCache->nMax);
     pGroup->mxPinned = pGroup->nMaxPage + 10 - pGroup->nMinPage;
     pCache->nMax = nMax;
@@ -838,7 +841,7 @@ static void pcache1Shrink(sqlite3_pcache *p){
   PCache1 *pCache = (PCache1*)p;
   if( pCache->bPurgeable ){
     PGroup *pGroup = pCache->pGroup;
-    int savedMaxPage;
+    unsigned int savedMaxPage;
     pcache1EnterMutex(pGroup);
     savedMaxPage = pGroup->nMaxPage;
     pGroup->nMaxPage = 0;
diff --git a/src/select.c b/src/select.c
index d358b32ec5..a186404760 100644
--- a/src/select.c
+++ b/src/select.c
@@ -2193,8 +2193,9 @@ void sqlite3SelectAddColumnTypeAndCollation(
     }
     if( pCol->affinity<=SQLITE_AFF_NONE ) pCol->affinity = aff;
     pColl = sqlite3ExprCollSeq(pParse, p);
-    if( pColl && pCol->zCnColl==0 ){
-      pCol->zCnColl = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pColl->zName);
+    if( pColl && (pCol->colFlags & COLFLAG_HASCOLL)==0 ){
+      assert( pTab->pIndex==0 );
+      sqlite3ColumnSetColl(db, pCol, pColl->zName);
     }
   }
   pTab->szTabRow = 1; /* Any non-zero value works */
diff --git a/src/shell.c.in b/src/shell.c.in
index 7e610fdeef..2ca88c02bb 100644
--- a/src/shell.c.in
+++ b/src/shell.c.in
@@ -11140,6 +11140,14 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       if( n<0 ) n = 0;
       sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE, sz, n);
       if( sz*n==0 ) data.shellFlgs &= ~SHFLG_Lookaside;
+    }else if( strcmp(z,"-threadsafe")==0 ){
+      int n;
+      n = (int)integerValue(cmdline_option_value(argc,argv,++i));
+      switch( n ){
+         case 0:  sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD);  break;
+         case 2:  sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD);   break;
+         default: sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED);    break;
+      }
 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_VFSTRACE
     }else if( strcmp(z,"-vfstrace")==0 ){
       extern int vfstrace_register(
@@ -11352,6 +11360,8 @@ int SQLITE_CDECL wmain(int argc, wchar_t **wargv){
       i+=2;
     }else if( strcmp(z,"-lookaside")==0 ){
       i+=2;
+    }else if( strcmp(z,"-threadsafe")==0 ){
+      i+=2;
     }else if( strcmp(z,"-mmap")==0 ){
       i++;
     }else if( strcmp(z,"-memtrace")==0 ){
diff --git a/src/sqliteInt.h b/src/sqliteInt.h
index 738f661e93..d1d596a77a 100644
--- a/src/sqliteInt.h
+++ b/src/sqliteInt.h
@@ -1543,8 +1543,8 @@ struct sqlite3 {
   u8 mTrace;                    /* zero or more SQLITE_TRACE flags */
   u8 noSharedCache;             /* True if no shared-cache backends */
   u8 nSqlExec;                  /* Number of pending OP_SqlExec opcodes */
+  u8 eOpenState;                /* Current condition of the connection */
   int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
-  u32 magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */
   FastPrng sPrng;               /* State of the per-connection PRNG */
   i64 nChange;                  /* Value returned by sqlite3_changes() */
   i64 nTotalChange;             /* Value returned by sqlite3_total_changes() */
@@ -1782,17 +1782,16 @@ struct sqlite3 {
 */
 #define ConstFactorOk(P) ((P)->okConstFactor)
 
-/*
-** Possible values for the sqlite.magic field.
-** The numbers are obtained at random and have no special meaning, other
-** than being distinct from one another.
+/* Possible values for the sqlite3.eOpenState field.
+** The numbers are randomly selected such that a minimum of three bits must
+** change to convert any number to another or to zero
 */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN     0xa029a697  /* Database is open */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED   0x9f3c2d33  /* Database is closed */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK     0x4b771290  /* Error and awaiting close */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY     0xf03b7906  /* Database currently in use */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR    0xb5357930  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
-#define SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE   0x64cffc7f  /* Close with last statement close */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_OPEN     0x76  /* Database is open */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_CLOSED   0xce  /* Database is closed */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_SICK     0xba  /* Error and awaiting close */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_BUSY     0x6d  /* Database currently in use */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_ERROR    0xd5  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
+#define SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE   0xa7  /* Close with last statement close */
 
 /*
 ** Each SQL function is defined by an instance of the following
@@ -2049,17 +2048,24 @@ struct Module {
 **                            or equal to the table column index.  It is
 **                            equal if and only if there are no VIRTUAL
 **                            columns to the left.
+**
+** Notes on zCnName:
+** The zCnName field stores the name of the column, the datatype of the
+** column, and the collating sequence for the column, in that order, all in
+** a single allocation.  Each string is 0x00 terminated.  The datatype
+** is only included if the COLFLAG_HASTYPE bit of colFlags is set and the
+** collating sequence name is only included if the COLFLAG_HASCOLL bit is
+** set.
 */
 struct Column {
-  char *zCnName;   /* Name of this column */
-  char *zCnColl;   /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
-  u8 notNull : 4;  /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
-  u8 eType : 4;    /* One of the standard types */
-  char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
-  u8 szEst;        /* Estimated size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
-  u8 hName;        /* Column name hash for faster lookup */
-  u16 iDflt;       /* 1-based index of DEFAULT.  0 means "none" */
-  u16 colFlags;    /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
+  char *zCnName;        /* Name of this column */
+  unsigned notNull :4;  /* An OE_ code for handling a NOT NULL constraint */
+  unsigned eType :4;    /* One of the standard types */
+  char affinity;        /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
+  u8 szEst;             /* Est size of value in this column. sizeof(INT)==1 */
+  u8 hName;             /* Column name hash for faster lookup */
+  u16 iDflt;            /* 1-based index of DEFAULT.  0 means "none" */
+  u16 colFlags;         /* Boolean properties.  See COLFLAG_ defines below */
 };
 
 /* Allowed values for Column.eType.
@@ -2093,6 +2099,7 @@ struct Column {
 #define COLFLAG_STORED    0x0040   /* GENERATED ALWAYS AS ... STORED */
 #define COLFLAG_NOTAVAIL  0x0080   /* STORED column not yet calculated */
 #define COLFLAG_BUSY      0x0100   /* Blocks recursion on GENERATED columns */
+#define COLFLAG_HASCOLL   0x0200   /* Has collating sequence name in zCnName */
 #define COLFLAG_GENERATED 0x0060   /* Combo: _STORED, _VIRTUAL */
 #define COLFLAG_NOINSERT  0x0062   /* Combo: _HIDDEN, _STORED, _VIRTUAL */
 
@@ -4419,6 +4426,8 @@ void sqlite3CollapseDatabaseArray(sqlite3*);
 void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
 void sqlite3ColumnSetExpr(Parse*,Table*,Column*,Expr*);
 Expr *sqlite3ColumnExpr(Table*,Column*);
+void sqlite3ColumnSetColl(sqlite3*,Column*,const char*zColl);
+const char *sqlite3ColumnColl(Column*);
 void sqlite3DeleteColumnNames(sqlite3*,Table*);
 void sqlite3GenerateColumnNames(Parse *pParse, Select *pSelect);
 int sqlite3ColumnsFromExprList(Parse*,ExprList*,i16*,Column**);
diff --git a/src/test1.c b/src/test1.c
index 22dfec9896..476da0114f 100644
--- a/src/test1.c
+++ b/src/test1.c
@@ -5348,37 +5348,6 @@ static int SQLITE_TCLAPI test_stmt_int(
   return TCL_OK;
 }
 
-/*
-** Usage:  sqlite_set_magic  DB  MAGIC-NUMBER
-**
-** Set the db->magic value.  This is used to test error recovery logic.
-*/
-static int SQLITE_TCLAPI sqlite_set_magic(
-  void * clientData,
-  Tcl_Interp *interp,
-  int argc,
-  char **argv
-){
-  sqlite3 *db;
-  if( argc!=3 ){
-    Tcl_AppendResult(interp, "wrong # args: should be \"", argv[0],
-         " DB MAGIC", 0);
-    return TCL_ERROR;
-  }
-  if( getDbPointer(interp, argv[1], &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
-  if( strcmp(argv[2], "SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN")==0 ){
-    db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN;
-  }else if( strcmp(argv[2], "SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED")==0 ){
-    db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED;
-  }else if( strcmp(argv[2], "SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY")==0 ){
-    db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY;
-  }else if( strcmp(argv[2], "SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR")==0 ){
-    db->magic = SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR;
-  }else if( Tcl_GetInt(interp, argv[2], (int*)&db->magic) ){
-    return TCL_ERROR;
-  }
-  return TCL_OK;
-}
 
 /*
 ** Usage:  sqlite3_interrupt  DB 
@@ -8354,7 +8323,6 @@ int Sqlitetest1_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
      { "breakpoint",                    (Tcl_CmdProc*)test_breakpoint       },
      { "sqlite3_key",                   (Tcl_CmdProc*)test_key              },
      { "sqlite3_rekey",                 (Tcl_CmdProc*)test_rekey            },
-     { "sqlite_set_magic",              (Tcl_CmdProc*)sqlite_set_magic      },
      { "sqlite3_interrupt",             (Tcl_CmdProc*)test_interrupt        },
      { "sqlite_delete_function",        (Tcl_CmdProc*)delete_function       },
      { "sqlite_delete_collation",       (Tcl_CmdProc*)delete_collation      },
diff --git a/src/util.c b/src/util.c
index 08c2949b17..89e3e56f1f 100644
--- a/src/util.c
+++ b/src/util.c
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ void sqlite3DequoteExpr(Expr *p){
 ** is always a no-op.
 */
 void sqlite3DequoteToken(Token *p){
-  int i;
+  unsigned int i;
   if( p->n<2 ) return;
   if( !sqlite3Isquote(p->z[0]) ) return;
   for(i=1; i<p->n-1; i++){
@@ -1399,13 +1399,13 @@ static void logBadConnection(const char *zType){
 ** used as an argument to sqlite3_errmsg() or sqlite3_close().
 */
 int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3 *db){
-  u32 magic;
+  u8 eOpenState;
   if( db==0 ){
     logBadConnection("NULL");
     return 0;
   }
-  magic = db->magic;
-  if( magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN ){
+  eOpenState = db->eOpenState;
+  if( eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_OPEN ){
     if( sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(db) ){
       testcase( sqlite3GlobalConfig.xLog!=0 );
       logBadConnection("unopened");
@@ -1416,11 +1416,11 @@ int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3 *db){
   }
 }
 int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3 *db){
-  u32 magic;
-  magic = db->magic;
-  if( magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK &&
-      magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN &&
-      magic!=SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY ){
+  u8 eOpenState;
+  eOpenState = db->eOpenState;
+  if( eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_SICK &&
+      eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_OPEN &&
+      eOpenState!=SQLITE_STATE_BUSY ){
     testcase( sqlite3GlobalConfig.xLog!=0 );
     logBadConnection("invalid");
     return 0;
diff --git a/src/vdbeaux.c b/src/vdbeaux.c
index 7b61d09340..1989a2f94f 100644
--- a/src/vdbeaux.c
+++ b/src/vdbeaux.c
@@ -3022,9 +3022,9 @@ int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe *p, int deferred){
 ** has made changes and is in autocommit mode, then commit those
 ** changes.  If a rollback is needed, then do the rollback.
 **
-** This routine is the only way to move the state of a VM from
-** SQLITE_MAGIC_RUN to SQLITE_MAGIC_HALT.  It is harmless to
-** call this on a VM that is in the SQLITE_MAGIC_HALT state.
+** This routine is the only way to move the sqlite3eOpenState of a VM from
+** SQLITE_STATE_RUN to SQLITE_STATE_HALT.  It is harmless to
+** call this on a VM that is in the SQLITE_STATE_HALT state.
 **
 ** Return an error code.  If the commit could not complete because of
 ** lock contention, return SQLITE_BUSY.  If SQLITE_BUSY is returned, it
diff --git a/src/vtab.c b/src/vtab.c
index c66a154678..86e13d3136 100644
--- a/src/vtab.c
+++ b/src/vtab.c
@@ -205,7 +205,8 @@ void sqlite3VtabUnlock(VTable *pVTab){
 
   assert( db );
   assert( pVTab->nRef>0 );
-  assert( db->magic==SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN || db->magic==SQLITE_MAGIC_ZOMBIE );
+  assert( db->eOpenState==SQLITE_STATE_OPEN
+       || db->eOpenState==SQLITE_STATE_ZOMBIE );
 
   pVTab->nRef--;
   if( pVTab->nRef==0 ){
diff --git a/src/wherecode.c b/src/wherecode.c
index f3589bb0ac..28b417c9ae 100644
--- a/src/wherecode.c
+++ b/src/wherecode.c
@@ -1241,8 +1241,9 @@ static void whereIndexExprTrans(
 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
     }else if( iRef>=0
        && (pTab->aCol[iRef].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL)!=0
-       && (pTab->aCol[iRef].zCnColl==0
-           || sqlite3StrICmp(pTab->aCol[iRef].zCnColl, sqlite3StrBINARY)==0)
+       && ((pTab->aCol[iRef].colFlags & COLFLAG_HASCOLL)==0
+           || sqlite3StrICmp(sqlite3ColumnColl(&pTab->aCol[iRef]),
+                                               sqlite3StrBINARY)==0)
     ){
       /* Check to see if there are direct references to generated columns
       ** that are contained in the index.  Pulling the generated column
diff --git a/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl b/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
index f9c40f6609..9d59e17b16 100644
--- a/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
+++ b/tool/mksqlite3c.tcl
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ foreach hdr {
   set available_hdr($hdr) 1
 }
 set available_hdr(sqliteInt.h) 0
+set available_hdr(os_common.h) 0
 set available_hdr(sqlite3session.h) 0
 
 # These headers should be copied into the amalgamation without modifying any
@@ -223,9 +224,7 @@ proc copy_file {filename} {
     if {[regexp {^\s*#\s*include\s+["<]([^">]+)[">]} $line all hdr]} {
       if {[info exists available_hdr($hdr)]} {
         if {$available_hdr($hdr)} {
-          if {$hdr!="os_common.h" && $hdr!="hwtime.h"} {
-            set available_hdr($hdr) 0
-          }
+          set available_hdr($hdr) 0
           section_comment "Include $hdr in the middle of $tail"
           copy_file $srcdir/$hdr
           section_comment "Continuing where we left off in $tail"
@@ -327,6 +326,7 @@ proc copy_file {filename} {
 #
 foreach file {
    sqliteInt.h
+   os_common.h
    ctime.c
 
    global.c
diff --git a/tool/showwal.c b/tool/showwal.c
index b214a288eb..bc7406dc1a 100644
--- a/tool/showwal.c
+++ b/tool/showwal.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ static void out_of_memory(void){
 ** Space to hold the content is obtained from malloc() and needs to be
 ** freed by the caller.
 */
-static unsigned char *getContent(int ofst, int nByte){
+static unsigned char *getContent(i64 ofst, int nByte){
   unsigned char *aData;
   aData = malloc(nByte);
   if( aData==0 ) out_of_memory();
@@ -204,10 +204,10 @@ static void print_decode_line(
 ** Print an entire page of content as hex
 */
 static void print_frame(int iFrame){
-  int iStart;
+  i64 iStart;
   unsigned char *aData;
-  iStart = 32 + (iFrame-1)*(pagesize+24);
-  fprintf(stdout, "Frame %d:   (offsets 0x%x..0x%x)\n",
+  iStart = 32 + (i64)(iFrame-1)*(pagesize+24);
+  fprintf(stdout, "Frame %d:   (offsets 0x%llx..0x%llx)\n",
           iFrame, iStart, iStart+pagesize+24);
   aData = getContent(iStart, pagesize+24);
   print_decode_line(aData, 0, 4, 0, "Page number");
@@ -224,10 +224,10 @@ static void print_frame(int iFrame){
 ** Summarize a single frame on a single line.
 */
 static void print_oneline_frame(int iFrame, Cksum *pCksum){
-  int iStart;
+  i64 iStart;
   unsigned char *aData;
   unsigned int s0, s1;
-  iStart = 32 + (iFrame-1)*(pagesize+24);
+  iStart = 32 + (i64)(iFrame-1)*(pagesize+24);
   aData = getContent(iStart, 24);
   extendCksum(pCksum, aData, 8, 0);
   extendCksum(pCksum, getContent(iStart+24, pagesize), pagesize, 0);
@@ -564,7 +564,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
       }else if( zLeft && zLeft[0]=='.' && zLeft[1]=='.' ){
         iEnd = strtol(&zLeft[2], 0, 0);
       }else if( zLeft && zLeft[0]=='b' ){
-        int ofst, nByte, hdrSize;
+        i64 ofst;
+        int nByte, hdrSize;
         unsigned char *a;
         if( iStart==1 ){
           hdrSize = 100;
@@ -572,10 +573,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv){
           nByte = pagesize-100;
         }else{
           hdrSize = 0;
-          ofst = (iStart-1)*pagesize;
+          ofst = (i64)(iStart-1)*pagesize;
           nByte = pagesize;
         }
-        ofst = 32 + hdrSize + (iStart-1)*(pagesize+24) + 24;
+        ofst = 32 + hdrSize + (i64)(iStart-1)*(pagesize+24) + 24;
         a = getContent(ofst, nByte);
         decode_btree_page(a, iStart, hdrSize, zLeft+1);
         free(a);