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We log AccessExclusiveLocks for replay onto standby nodes, but because of timing issues on ProcArray it is possible to log a lock that is still held by a just committed transaction that is very soon to be removed. To avoid any timing issue we avoid applying locks made by transactions with InvalidXid. Simon Riggs, bug report Tom Lane, diagnosis Pavan Deolasee
src/backend/storage/ipc/README Cache Invalidation Synchronization Routines =========================================== Mon Jul 18 11:09:22 PDT 1988 W.KLAS The cache synchronization is done using a message queue. Every backend can register a message which then has to be read by all backends. A message read by all backends is removed from the queue automatically. If a message has been lost because the buffer was full, all backends that haven't read this message will be told that they have to reset their cache state. This is done at the time when they try to read the message queue. The message queue is implemented as a shared buffer segment. Actually, the queue is a circle to allow fast inserting, reading (invalidate data) and maintaining the buffer.