postgres/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * miscinit.c
 *	  miscellaneous initialization support stuff
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/init/miscinit.c,v 1.143 2005/06/28 05:09:02 tgl Exp $
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UTIME_H
#include <utime.h>
#endif

#include "catalog/pg_authid.h"
#include "libpq/libpq-be.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "storage/fd.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h"
#include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"


ProcessingMode Mode = InitProcessing;

/* Note: we rely on these to initialize as zeroes */
static char directoryLockFile[MAXPGPATH];
static char socketLockFile[MAXPGPATH];


/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *		ignoring system indexes support stuff
 *
 * NOTE: "ignoring system indexes" means we do not use the system indexes
 * for lookups (either in hardwired catalog accesses or in planner-generated
 * plans).	We do, however, still update the indexes when a catalog
 * modification is made.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static bool isIgnoringSystemIndexes = false;

/*
 * IsIgnoringSystemIndexes
 *		True if ignoring system indexes.
 */
bool
IsIgnoringSystemIndexes(void)
{
	return isIgnoringSystemIndexes;
}

/*
 * IgnoreSystemIndexes
 *		Set true or false whether PostgreSQL ignores system indexes.
 */
void
IgnoreSystemIndexes(bool mode)
{
	isIgnoringSystemIndexes = mode;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *		system index reindexing support
 *
 * When we are busy reindexing a system index, this code provides support
 * for preventing catalog lookups from using that index.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static Oid	currentlyReindexedHeap = InvalidOid;
static Oid	currentlyReindexedIndex = InvalidOid;

/*
 * ReindexIsProcessingHeap
 *		True if heap specified by OID is currently being reindexed.
 */
bool
ReindexIsProcessingHeap(Oid heapOid)
{
	return heapOid == currentlyReindexedHeap;
}

/*
 * ReindexIsProcessingIndex
 *		True if index specified by OID is currently being reindexed.
 */
bool
ReindexIsProcessingIndex(Oid indexOid)
{
	return indexOid == currentlyReindexedIndex;
}

/*
 * SetReindexProcessing
 *		Set flag that specified heap/index are being reindexed.
 */
void
SetReindexProcessing(Oid heapOid, Oid indexOid)
{
	Assert(OidIsValid(heapOid) && OidIsValid(indexOid));
	/* Reindexing is not re-entrant. */
	if (OidIsValid(currentlyReindexedIndex))
		elog(ERROR, "cannot reindex while reindexing");
	currentlyReindexedHeap = heapOid;
	currentlyReindexedIndex = indexOid;
}

/*
 * ResetReindexProcessing
 *		Unset reindexing status.
 */
void
ResetReindexProcessing(void)
{
	currentlyReindexedHeap = InvalidOid;
	currentlyReindexedIndex = InvalidOid;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *				database path / name support stuff
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */

void
SetDatabasePath(const char *path)
{
	if (DatabasePath)
	{
		free(DatabasePath);
		DatabasePath = NULL;
	}
	/* use strdup since this is done before memory contexts are set up */
	if (path)
	{
		DatabasePath = strdup(path);
		AssertState(DatabasePath);
	}
}

/*
 * Set data directory, but make sure it's an absolute path.  Use this,
 * never set DataDir directly.
 */
void
SetDataDir(const char *dir)
{
	char	   *new;

	AssertArg(dir);

	/* If presented path is relative, convert to absolute */
	new = make_absolute_path(dir);

	if (DataDir)
		free(DataDir);
	DataDir = new;
}

/*
 * If the given pathname isn't already absolute, make it so, interpreting
 * it relative to the current working directory.
 *
 * Also canonicalizes the path.  The result is always a malloc'd copy.
 *
 * Note: it is probably unwise to use this in running backends, since they
 * have chdir'd to a database-specific subdirectory; the results would not be
 * consistent across backends.  Currently this is used only during postmaster
 * or standalone-backend startup.
 */
char *
make_absolute_path(const char *path)
{
	char	   *new;

	/* Returning null for null input is convenient for some callers */
	if (path == NULL)
		return NULL;

	if (!is_absolute_path(path))
	{
		char	   *buf;
		size_t		buflen;

		buflen = MAXPGPATH;
		for (;;)
		{
			buf = malloc(buflen);
			if (!buf)
				ereport(FATAL,
						(errcode(ERRCODE_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
						 errmsg("out of memory")));

			if (getcwd(buf, buflen))
				break;
			else if (errno == ERANGE)
			{
				free(buf);
				buflen *= 2;
				continue;
			}
			else
			{
				free(buf);
				elog(FATAL, "could not get current working directory: %m");
			}
		}

		new = malloc(strlen(buf) + strlen(path) + 2);
		if (!new)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
					 errmsg("out of memory")));
		sprintf(new, "%s/%s", buf, path);
		free(buf);
	}
	else
	{
		new = strdup(path);
		if (!new)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
					 errmsg("out of memory")));
	}

	/* Make sure punctuation is canonical, too */
	canonicalize_path(new);

	return new;
}


/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *	Role ID things
 *
 * The authenticated user is determined at connection start and never
 * changes.  The session user can be changed only by SET SESSION
 * AUTHORIZATION.  The current user may change when "setuid" functions
 * are implemented.  Conceptually there is a stack, whose bottom
 * is the session user.  You are yourself responsible to save and
 * restore the current user id if you need to change it.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static Oid AuthenticatedUserId = InvalidOid;
static Oid SessionUserId = InvalidOid;
static Oid CurrentUserId = InvalidOid;

static bool AuthenticatedUserIsSuperuser = false;

/*
 * This function is relevant for all privilege checks.
 */
Oid
GetUserId(void)
{
	AssertState(OidIsValid(CurrentUserId));
	return CurrentUserId;
}


void
SetUserId(Oid roleid)
{
	AssertArg(OidIsValid(roleid));
	CurrentUserId = roleid;
}


/*
 * This value is only relevant for informational purposes.
 */
Oid
GetSessionUserId(void)
{
	AssertState(OidIsValid(SessionUserId));
	return SessionUserId;
}


void
SetSessionUserId(Oid roleid)
{
	AssertArg(OidIsValid(roleid));
	SessionUserId = roleid;
	/* Current user defaults to session user. */
	if (!OidIsValid(CurrentUserId))
		CurrentUserId = roleid;
}


void
InitializeSessionUserId(const char *rolename)
{
	HeapTuple	roleTup;
	Datum		datum;
	bool		isnull;
	Oid			roleid;

	/*
	 * Don't do scans if we're bootstrapping, none of the system catalogs
	 * exist yet, and they should be owned by postgres anyway.
	 */
	AssertState(!IsBootstrapProcessingMode());

	/* call only once */
	AssertState(!OidIsValid(AuthenticatedUserId));

	roleTup = SearchSysCache(AUTHNAME,
							 PointerGetDatum(rolename),
							 0, 0, 0);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(roleTup))
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
				 errmsg("role \"%s\" does not exist", rolename)));

	roleid = HeapTupleGetOid(roleTup);

	AuthenticatedUserId = roleid;
	AuthenticatedUserIsSuperuser = ((Form_pg_authid) GETSTRUCT(roleTup))->rolsuper;

	SetSessionUserId(roleid);	/* sets CurrentUserId too */

	/* Record username and superuser status as GUC settings too */
	SetConfigOption("session_authorization", rolename,
					PGC_BACKEND, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
	SetConfigOption("is_superuser",
					AuthenticatedUserIsSuperuser ? "on" : "off",
					PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);

	/*
	 * Set up user-specific configuration variables.  This is a good place
	 * to do it so we don't have to read pg_authid twice during session
	 * startup.
	 */
	datum = SysCacheGetAttr(AUTHNAME, roleTup,
							Anum_pg_authid_rolconfig, &isnull);
	if (!isnull)
	{
		ArrayType  *a = DatumGetArrayTypeP(datum);

		ProcessGUCArray(a, PGC_S_USER);
	}

	ReleaseSysCache(roleTup);
}


void
InitializeSessionUserIdStandalone(void)
{
	/* This function should only be called in a single-user backend. */
	AssertState(!IsUnderPostmaster);

	/* call only once */
	AssertState(!OidIsValid(AuthenticatedUserId));

	AuthenticatedUserId = BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID;
	AuthenticatedUserIsSuperuser = true;

	SetSessionUserId(BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID);
}


/*
 * Change session auth ID while running
 *
 * Only a superuser may set auth ID to something other than himself.  Note
 * that in case of multiple SETs in a single session, the original userid's
 * superuserness is what matters.  But we set the GUC variable is_superuser
 * to indicate whether the *current* session userid is a superuser.
 */
void
SetSessionAuthorization(Oid roleid, bool is_superuser)
{
	/* Must have authenticated already, else can't make permission check */
	AssertState(OidIsValid(AuthenticatedUserId));

	if (roleid != AuthenticatedUserId &&
		!AuthenticatedUserIsSuperuser)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
			  errmsg("permission denied to set session authorization")));

	SetSessionUserId(roleid);
	SetUserId(roleid);

	SetConfigOption("is_superuser",
					is_superuser ? "on" : "off",
					PGC_INTERNAL, PGC_S_OVERRIDE);
}


/*
 * Get user name from user oid
 */
char *
GetUserNameFromId(Oid roleid)
{
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	char	   *result;

	tuple = SearchSysCache(AUTHOID,
						   ObjectIdGetDatum(roleid),
						   0, 0, 0);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
				 errmsg("invalid role OID: %u", roleid)));

	result = pstrdup(NameStr(((Form_pg_authid) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->rolname));

	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
	return result;
}


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *				Interlock-file support
 *
 * These routines are used to create both a data-directory lockfile
 * ($DATADIR/postmaster.pid) and a Unix-socket-file lockfile ($SOCKFILE.lock).
 * Both kinds of files contain the same info:
 *
 *		Owning process' PID
 *		Data directory path
 *
 * By convention, the owning process' PID is negated if it is a standalone
 * backend rather than a postmaster.  This is just for informational purposes.
 * The path is also just for informational purposes (so that a socket lockfile
 * can be more easily traced to the associated postmaster).
 *
 * A data-directory lockfile can optionally contain a third line, containing
 * the key and ID for the shared memory block used by this postmaster.
 *
 * On successful lockfile creation, a proc_exit callback to remove the
 * lockfile is automatically created.
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

/*
 * proc_exit callback to remove a lockfile.
 */
static void
UnlinkLockFile(int status, Datum filename)
{
	char	   *fname = (char *) DatumGetPointer(filename);

	if (fname != NULL)
	{
		if (unlink(fname) != 0)
		{
			/* Should we complain if the unlink fails? */
		}
		free(fname);
	}
}

/*
 * Create a lockfile.
 *
 * filename is the name of the lockfile to create.
 * amPostmaster is used to determine how to encode the output PID.
 * isDDLock and refName are used to determine what error message to produce.
 */
static void
CreateLockFile(const char *filename, bool amPostmaster,
			   bool isDDLock, const char *refName)
{
	int			fd;
	char		buffer[MAXPGPATH + 100];
	int			ntries;
	int			len;
	int			encoded_pid;
	pid_t		other_pid;
	pid_t		my_pid = getpid();

	/*
	 * We need a loop here because of race conditions.	But don't loop
	 * forever (for example, a non-writable $PGDATA directory might cause
	 * a failure that won't go away).  100 tries seems like plenty.
	 */
	for (ntries = 0;; ntries++)
	{
		/*
		 * Try to create the lock file --- O_EXCL makes this atomic.
		 *
		 * Think not to make the file protection weaker than 0600.  See
		 * comments below.
		 */
		fd = open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
		if (fd >= 0)
			break;				/* Success; exit the retry loop */

		/*
		 * Couldn't create the pid file. Probably it already exists.
		 */
		if ((errno != EEXIST && errno != EACCES) || ntries > 100)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not create lock file \"%s\": %m",
							filename)));

		/*
		 * Read the file to get the old owner's PID.  Note race condition
		 * here: file might have been deleted since we tried to create it.
		 */
		fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY, 0600);
		if (fd < 0)
		{
			if (errno == ENOENT)
				continue;		/* race condition; try again */
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not open lock file \"%s\": %m",
							filename)));
		}
		if ((len = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1)) < 0)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not read lock file \"%s\": %m",
							filename)));
		close(fd);

		buffer[len] = '\0';
		encoded_pid = atoi(buffer);

		/* if pid < 0, the pid is for postgres, not postmaster */
		other_pid = (pid_t) (encoded_pid < 0 ? -encoded_pid : encoded_pid);

		if (other_pid <= 0)
			elog(FATAL, "bogus data in lock file \"%s\": \"%s\"",
				 filename, buffer);

		/*
		 * Check to see if the other process still exists
		 *
		 * If the PID in the lockfile is our own PID or our parent's PID,
		 * then the file must be stale (probably left over from a previous
		 * system boot cycle).  We need this test because of the likelihood
		 * that a reboot will assign exactly the same PID as we had in the
		 * previous reboot.  Also, if there is just one more process launch
		 * in this reboot than in the previous one, the lockfile might mention
		 * our parent's PID.  We can reject that since we'd never be launched
		 * directly by a competing postmaster.  We can't detect grandparent
		 * processes unfortunately, but if the init script is written carefully
		 * then all but the immediate parent shell will be root-owned processes
		 * and so the kill test will fail with EPERM.
		 *
		 * We can treat the EPERM-error case as okay because that error implies
		 * that the existing process has a different userid than we do, which
		 * means it cannot be a competing postmaster.  A postmaster cannot
		 * successfully attach to a data directory owned by a userid other
		 * than its own.  (This is now checked directly in checkDataDir(),
		 * but has been true for a long time because of the restriction that
		 * the data directory isn't group- or world-accessible.)  Also,
		 * since we create the lockfiles mode 600, we'd have failed above
		 * if the lockfile belonged to another userid --- which means that
		 * whatever process kill() is reporting about isn't the one that
		 * made the lockfile.  (NOTE: this last consideration is the only
		 * one that keeps us from blowing away a Unix socket file belonging
		 * to an instance of Postgres being run by someone else, at least
		 * on machines where /tmp hasn't got a stickybit.)
		 *
		 * Windows hasn't got getppid(), but doesn't need it since it's not
		 * using real kill() either...
		 *
		 * Normally kill() will fail with ESRCH if the given PID doesn't
		 * exist.  BeOS returns EINVAL for some silly reason, however.
		 */
		if (other_pid != my_pid
#ifndef WIN32
			&& other_pid != getppid()
#endif
			)
		{
			if (kill(other_pid, 0) == 0 ||
				(errno != ESRCH &&
#ifdef __BEOS__
				 errno != EINVAL &&
#endif
				 errno != EPERM))
			{
				/* lockfile belongs to a live process */
				ereport(FATAL,
						(errcode(ERRCODE_LOCK_FILE_EXISTS),
						 errmsg("lock file \"%s\" already exists",
								filename),
						 isDDLock ?
						 (encoded_pid < 0 ?
						  errhint("Is another postgres (PID %d) running in data directory \"%s\"?",
								  (int) other_pid, refName) :
						  errhint("Is another postmaster (PID %d) running in data directory \"%s\"?",
								  (int) other_pid, refName)) :
						 (encoded_pid < 0 ?
						  errhint("Is another postgres (PID %d) using socket file \"%s\"?",
								  (int) other_pid, refName) :
						  errhint("Is another postmaster (PID %d) using socket file \"%s\"?",
								  (int) other_pid, refName))));
			}
		}

		/*
		 * No, the creating process did not exist.	However, it could be
		 * that the postmaster crashed (or more likely was kill -9'd by a
		 * clueless admin) but has left orphan backends behind.  Check for
		 * this by looking to see if there is an associated shmem segment
		 * that is still in use.
		 */
		if (isDDLock)
		{
			char	   *ptr;
			unsigned long id1,
						id2;

			ptr = strchr(buffer, '\n');
			if (ptr != NULL &&
				(ptr = strchr(ptr + 1, '\n')) != NULL)
			{
				ptr++;
				if (sscanf(ptr, "%lu %lu", &id1, &id2) == 2)
				{
					if (PGSharedMemoryIsInUse(id1, id2))
						ereport(FATAL,
								(errcode(ERRCODE_LOCK_FILE_EXISTS),
							   errmsg("pre-existing shared memory block "
									  "(key %lu, ID %lu) is still in use",
									  id1, id2),
							   errhint("If you're sure there are no old "
								"server processes still running, remove "
									   "the shared memory block with "
										"the command \"ipcclean\", \"ipcrm\", "
										"or just delete the file \"%s\".",
									   filename)));
				}
			}
		}

		/*
		 * Looks like nobody's home.  Unlink the file and try again to
		 * create it.  Need a loop because of possible race condition
		 * against other would-be creators.
		 */
		if (unlink(filename) < 0)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not remove old lock file \"%s\": %m",
							filename),
					 errhint("The file seems accidentally left over, but "
					   "it could not be removed. Please remove the file "
							 "by hand and try again.")));
	}

	/*
	 * Successfully created the file, now fill it.
	 */
	snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d\n%s\n",
			 amPostmaster ? (int) my_pid : -((int) my_pid),
			 DataDir);
	errno = 0;
	if (write(fd, buffer, strlen(buffer)) != strlen(buffer))
	{
		int			save_errno = errno;

		close(fd);
		unlink(filename);
		/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
		errno = save_errno ? save_errno : ENOSPC;
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
			  errmsg("could not write lock file \"%s\": %m", filename)));
	}
	if (close(fd))
	{
		int			save_errno = errno;

		unlink(filename);
		errno = save_errno;
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
			  errmsg("could not write lock file \"%s\": %m", filename)));
	}

	/*
	 * Arrange for automatic removal of lockfile at proc_exit.
	 */
	on_proc_exit(UnlinkLockFile, PointerGetDatum(strdup(filename)));
}

void
CreateDataDirLockFile(const char *datadir, bool amPostmaster)
{
	char		lockfile[MAXPGPATH];

	snprintf(lockfile, sizeof(lockfile), "%s/postmaster.pid", datadir);
	CreateLockFile(lockfile, amPostmaster, true, datadir);
	/* Save name of lockfile for RecordSharedMemoryInLockFile */
	strcpy(directoryLockFile, lockfile);
}

void
CreateSocketLockFile(const char *socketfile, bool amPostmaster)
{
	char		lockfile[MAXPGPATH];

	snprintf(lockfile, sizeof(lockfile), "%s.lock", socketfile);
	CreateLockFile(lockfile, amPostmaster, false, socketfile);
	/* Save name of lockfile for TouchSocketLockFile */
	strcpy(socketLockFile, lockfile);
}

/*
 * TouchSocketLockFile -- mark socket lock file as recently accessed
 *
 * This routine should be called every so often to ensure that the lock file
 * has a recent mod or access date.  That saves it
 * from being removed by overenthusiastic /tmp-directory-cleaner daemons.
 * (Another reason we should never have put the socket file in /tmp...)
 */
void
TouchSocketLockFile(void)
{
	/* Do nothing if we did not create a socket... */
	if (socketLockFile[0] != '\0')
	{
		/*
		 * utime() is POSIX standard, utimes() is a common alternative; if
		 * we have neither, fall back to actually reading the file (which
		 * only sets the access time not mod time, but that should be
		 * enough in most cases).  In all paths, we ignore errors.
		 */
#ifdef HAVE_UTIME
		utime(socketLockFile, NULL);
#else							/* !HAVE_UTIME */
#ifdef HAVE_UTIMES
		utimes(socketLockFile, NULL);
#else							/* !HAVE_UTIMES */
		int			fd;
		char		buffer[1];

		fd = open(socketLockFile, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0);
		if (fd >= 0)
		{
			read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
			close(fd);
		}
#endif   /* HAVE_UTIMES */
#endif   /* HAVE_UTIME */
	}
}

/*
 * Append information about a shared memory segment to the data directory
 * lock file (if we have created one).
 *
 * This may be called multiple times in the life of a postmaster, if we
 * delete and recreate shmem due to backend crash.	Therefore, be prepared
 * to overwrite existing information.  (As of 7.1, a postmaster only creates
 * one shm seg at a time; but for the purposes here, if we did have more than
 * one then any one of them would do anyway.)
 */
void
RecordSharedMemoryInLockFile(unsigned long id1, unsigned long id2)
{
	int			fd;
	int			len;
	char	   *ptr;
	char		buffer[BLCKSZ];

	/*
	 * Do nothing if we did not create a lockfile (probably because we are
	 * running standalone).
	 */
	if (directoryLockFile[0] == '\0')
		return;

	fd = open(directoryLockFile, O_RDWR | PG_BINARY, 0);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ereport(LOG,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not open file \"%s\": %m",
						directoryLockFile)));
		return;
	}
	len = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 100);
	if (len < 0)
	{
		ereport(LOG,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not read from file \"%s\": %m",
						directoryLockFile)));
		close(fd);
		return;
	}
	buffer[len] = '\0';

	/*
	 * Skip over first two lines (PID and path).
	 */
	ptr = strchr(buffer, '\n');
	if (ptr == NULL ||
		(ptr = strchr(ptr + 1, '\n')) == NULL)
	{
		elog(LOG, "bogus data in \"%s\"", directoryLockFile);
		close(fd);
		return;
	}
	ptr++;

	/*
	 * Append key information.	Format to try to keep it the same length
	 * always (trailing junk won't hurt, but might confuse humans).
	 */
	sprintf(ptr, "%9lu %9lu\n", id1, id2);

	/*
	 * And rewrite the data.  Since we write in a single kernel call, this
	 * update should appear atomic to onlookers.
	 */
	len = strlen(buffer);
	errno = 0;
	if (lseek(fd, (off_t) 0, SEEK_SET) != 0 ||
		(int) write(fd, buffer, len) != len)
	{
		/* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
		if (errno == 0)
			errno = ENOSPC;
		ereport(LOG,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not write to file \"%s\": %m",
						directoryLockFile)));
		close(fd);
		return;
	}
	if (close(fd))
	{
		ereport(LOG,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not write to file \"%s\": %m",
						directoryLockFile)));
	}
}


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *				Version checking support
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

/*
 * Determine whether the PG_VERSION file in directory `path' indicates
 * a data version compatible with the version of this program.
 *
 * If compatible, return. Otherwise, ereport(FATAL).
 */
void
ValidatePgVersion(const char *path)
{
	char		full_path[MAXPGPATH];
	FILE	   *file;
	int			ret;
	long		file_major,
				file_minor;
	long		my_major = 0,
				my_minor = 0;
	char	   *endptr;
	const char *version_string = PG_VERSION;

	my_major = strtol(version_string, &endptr, 10);
	if (*endptr == '.')
		my_minor = strtol(endptr + 1, NULL, 10);

	snprintf(full_path, sizeof(full_path), "%s/PG_VERSION", path);

	file = AllocateFile(full_path, "r");
	if (!file)
	{
		if (errno == ENOENT)
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
					 errmsg("\"%s\" is not a valid data directory",
							path),
					 errdetail("File \"%s\" is missing.", full_path)));
		else
			ereport(FATAL,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
				   errmsg("could not open file \"%s\": %m", full_path)));
	}

	ret = fscanf(file, "%ld.%ld", &file_major, &file_minor);
	if (ret != 2)
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not a valid data directory",
						path),
				 errdetail("File \"%s\" does not contain valid data.",
						   full_path),
				 errhint("You may need to initdb.")));

	FreeFile(file);

	if (my_major != file_major || my_minor != file_minor)
		ereport(FATAL,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
				 errmsg("database files are incompatible with server"),
				 errdetail("The data directory was initialized by PostgreSQL version %ld.%ld, "
						 "which is not compatible with this version %s.",
						   file_major, file_minor, version_string)));
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *				Library preload support
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

typedef void (*func_ptr) ();

/*
 * process any libraries that should be preloaded and
 * optionally pre-initialized
 */
void
process_preload_libraries(char *preload_libraries_string)
{
	char	   *rawstring;
	List	   *elemlist;
	ListCell   *l;

	if (preload_libraries_string == NULL)
		return;

	/* Need a modifiable copy of string */
	rawstring = pstrdup(preload_libraries_string);

	/* Parse string into list of identifiers */
	if (!SplitIdentifierString(rawstring, ',', &elemlist))
	{
		/* syntax error in list */
		pfree(rawstring);
		list_free(elemlist);
		ereport(LOG,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
				 errmsg("invalid list syntax for parameter \"preload_libraries\"")));
		return;
	}

	foreach(l, elemlist)
	{
		char	   *tok = (char *) lfirst(l);
		char	   *sep = strstr(tok, ":");
		char	   *filename = NULL;
		char	   *funcname = NULL;
		func_ptr	initfunc;

		if (sep)
		{
			/*
			 * a colon separator implies there is an initialization
			 * function that we need to run in addition to loading the
			 * library
			 */
			size_t		filename_len = sep - tok;
			size_t		funcname_len = strlen(tok) - filename_len - 1;

			filename = (char *) palloc(filename_len + 1);
			memcpy(filename, tok, filename_len);
			filename[filename_len] = '\0';

			funcname = (char *) palloc(funcname_len + 1);
			strcpy(funcname, sep + 1);
		}
		else
		{
			/*
			 * no separator -- just load the library
			 */
			filename = pstrdup(tok);
			funcname = NULL;
		}

		canonicalize_path(filename);
		initfunc = (func_ptr) load_external_function(filename, funcname,
													 true, NULL);
		if (initfunc)
			(*initfunc) ();

		if (funcname)
			ereport(LOG,
					(errmsg("preloaded library \"%s\" with initialization function \"%s\"",
							filename, funcname)));
		else
			ereport(LOG,
					(errmsg("preloaded library \"%s\"",
							filename)));

		pfree(filename);
		if (funcname)
			pfree(funcname);
	}

	pfree(rawstring);
	list_free(elemlist);
}