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MERGE performs actions that modify rows in the target table using a source table or query. MERGE provides a single SQL statement that can conditionally INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE rows -- a task that would otherwise require multiple PL statements. For example, MERGE INTO target AS t USING source AS s ON t.tid = s.sid WHEN MATCHED AND t.balance > s.delta THEN UPDATE SET balance = t.balance - s.delta WHEN MATCHED THEN DELETE WHEN NOT MATCHED AND s.delta > 0 THEN INSERT VALUES (s.sid, s.delta) WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN DO NOTHING; MERGE works with regular tables, partitioned tables and inheritance hierarchies, including column and row security enforcement, as well as support for row and statement triggers and transition tables therein. MERGE is optimized for OLTP and is parameterizable, though also useful for large scale ETL/ELT. MERGE is not intended to be used in preference to existing single SQL commands for INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE since there is some overhead. MERGE can be used from PL/pgSQL. MERGE does not support targetting updatable views or foreign tables, and RETURNING clauses are not allowed either. These limitations are likely fixable with sufficient effort. Rewrite rules are also not supported, but it's not clear that we'd want to support them. Author: Pavan Deolasee <pavan.deolasee@gmail.com> Author: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org> Author: Amit Langote <amitlangote09@gmail.com> Author: Simon Riggs <simon.riggs@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <peter.eisentraut@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <robertmhaas@gmail.com> (earlier versions) Reviewed-by: Japin Li <japinli@hotmail.com> Reviewed-by: Justin Pryzby <pryzby@telsasoft.com> Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@enterprisedb.com> Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu <zyu@yugabyte.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANP8+jKitBSrB7oTgT9CY2i1ObfOt36z0XMraQc+Xrz8QB0nXA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzkJdBuxj9PO=2QaO9-3h3xGbQPZ34kJH=HukRekwM-GZg@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20201231134736.GA25392@alvherre.pgsql
# Generating dummy probes If Postgres isn't configured with dtrace enabled, we need to generate dummy probes for the entries in probes.d, that do nothing. This is accomplished in Unix via the sed script `Gen_dummy_probes.sed`. We used to use this in MSVC builds using the perl utility `psed`, which mimicked sed. However, that utility disappeared from Windows perl distributions and so we converted the sed script to a perl script to be used in MSVC builds. We still keep the sed script as the authoritative source for generating these dummy probes because except on Windows perl is not a hard requirement when building from a tarball. So, if you need to change the way dummy probes are generated, first change the sed script, and when it's working generate the perl script. This can be accomplished by using the perl utility s2p. s2p is no longer part of the perl core, so it might not be on your system, but it is available on CPAN and also in many package systems. e.g. on Fedora it can be installed using `cpan App::s2p` or `dnf install perl-App-s2p`. The Makefile contains a recipe for regenerating Gen_dummy_probes.pl, so all you need to do is once you have s2p installed is `make Gen_dummy_probes.pl` Note that in a VPATH build this will generate the file in the vpath tree, not the source tree.