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326 lines
13 KiB
HTML
<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter</TITLE>
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<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:darold@localhost.localdomain">
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<A NAME="__index__"></A>
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<!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#name">NAME</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#description">DESCRIPTION</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#abstract">ABSTRACT</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#requirement">REQUIREMENT</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#public methods">PUBLIC METHODS</A></LI>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#new hash_options">new HASH_OPTIONS</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#export_sql filename">export_sql FILENAME</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#public methods">PUBLIC METHODS</A></LI>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#_init hash_options">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_tables">_tables</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_views">_views</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_sql_type internal_type length">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_column_info table">_column_info TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_primary_key table">_primary_key TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_unique_key table">_unique_key TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_foreign_key table">_foreign_key TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_table_privilege table">_get_table_privilege TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_roles">_get_roles</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_indexes table">_get_indexes TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_sequences table">_get_sequences TABLE</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#_get_views">_get_views</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#author">AUTHOR</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#copyright">COPYRIGHT</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#bugs">BUGS</A></LI>
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<LI><A HREF="#see also">SEE ALSO</A></LI>
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</UL>
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<!-- INDEX END -->
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<HR>
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<P>
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<H1><A NAME="name">NAME</A></H1>
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<P>Ora2Pg - Oracle to PostgreSQL database schema converter</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></H1>
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<PRE>
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BEGIN {
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$ENV{ORACLE_HOME} = '/usr/local/oracle/oracle816';
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}</PRE>
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<PRE>
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use strict;</PRE>
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<PRE>
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use Ora2Pg;</PRE>
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<PRE>
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# Init the database connection
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my $dbsrc = 'dbi:Oracle:host=testdb.samse.fr;sid=TEST;port=1521';
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my $dbuser = 'system';
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my $dbpwd = 'manager';</PRE>
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<PRE>
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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);</PRE>
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<PRE>
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# Create the POSTGRESQL representation of all objects in the database
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$schema->export_schema("output.sql");</PRE>
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<PRE>
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exit(0);</PRE>
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<P>or if you only want to extract some tables:</P>
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<PRE>
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my @tables = ('tab1', 'tab2', 'tab3');
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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tables => \@tables, # Tables to extract
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debug => 1 # To show somethings when running
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);</PRE>
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<P>or if you only want to extract the 10 first tables:</P>
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<PRE>
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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max => 10 # 10 first tables to extract
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);</PRE>
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<P>or if you only want to extract tables 10 to 20:</P>
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<PRE>
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# Create an instance of the Ora2Pg perl module
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my $schema = new Ora2Pg (
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datasource => $dbsrc, # Database DBD datasource
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user => $dbuser, # Database user
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password => $dbpwd, # Database password
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min => 10 # Begin extraction at indice 10
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max => 20 # End extraction at indice 20
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);</PRE>
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<P>To know at which indices table can be found during extraction use the option:</P>
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<PRE>
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showtableid => 1</PRE>
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<P>To extract all views set the option type as follow:</P>
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<PRE>
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type => 'VIEW'</PRE>
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<P>Default is table schema extraction</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="description">DESCRIPTION</A></H1>
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<P>Ora2Pg is a perl OO module used to export an Oracle database schema
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to a PostgreSQL compatible schema.</P>
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<P>It simply connect to your Oracle database, extract its structure and
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generate a SQL script that you can load into your PostgreSQL database.</P>
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<P>I'm not a Oracle DBA so I don't really know something about its internal
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structure so you may find some incorrect things. Please tell me what is
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wrong and what can be better.</P>
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<P>It currently only dump the database schema, with primary, unique and
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foreign keys. I've tried to excluded internal system tables but perhaps
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not enougt, please let me know.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="abstract">ABSTRACT</A></H1>
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<P>The goal of the Ora2Pg perl module is to cover all part needed to export
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an Oracle database to a PostgreSQL database without other thing that provide
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the connection parameters to the Oracle database.</P>
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<P>Features must include:</P>
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<PRE>
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- Database schema export, with unique, primary and foreign key.
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- Grants/privileges export by user and group.
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- Indexes and unique indexes export.
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- Table or view selection (by name and max table) export.
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- Predefined function/trigger export (todo)
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- Data export (todo)
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- Sql query converter (todo)</PRE>
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<P>My knowledge regarding database is really poor especially for Oracle
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so contribution is welcome.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="requirement">REQUIREMENT</A></H1>
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<P>You just need the DBI and DBD::Oracle perl module to be installed</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="public methods">PUBLIC METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="new hash_options">new HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>Creates a new Ora2Pg object.</P>
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<P>Supported options are:</P>
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<PRE>
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- datasource : DBD datasource (required)
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- user : DBD user (optional with public access)
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- password : DBD password (optional with public access)
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- type : Type of data to extract, can be TABLE (default) or VIEW
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- debug : Print the current state of the parsing
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- tables : Extract only the given tables (arrayref)
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- showtableid : Display only the table indice during extraction
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- min : Indice to begin extraction. Default to 0
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- max : Indice to end extraction. Default to 0 mean no limits</PRE>
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<P>Attempt that this list should grow a little more because all initialization is
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done by this way.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="export_sql filename">export_sql FILENAME</A></H2>
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<P>Print SQL conversion output to a filename or
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to STDOUT if no file is given.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="public methods">PUBLIC METHODS</A></H1>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_init hash_options">_init HASH_OPTIONS</A></H2>
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<P>Initialize a Ora2Pg object instance with a connexion to the
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Oracle database.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_tables">_tables</A></H2>
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<P>This function is used to retrieve all table information.</P>
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<P>Set the main hash of the database structure $self->{tables}.
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Keys are the names of all tables retrieved from the current
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database. Each table information compose an array associated
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to the table_info key as array reference. In other way:</P>
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<PRE>
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{table_info} = [(OWNER,TYPE)];</PRE>
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<P>DBI TYPE can be TABLE, VIEW, SYSTEM TABLE, GLOBAL TEMPORARY, LOCAL TEMPORARY,
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ALIAS, SYNONYM or a data source specific type identifier. This only extract
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TABLE type.</P>
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<P>It also get the following informations in the DBI object to affect the
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main hash of the database structure :</P>
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<PRE>
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_name} = $sth->{NAME};
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$self->{tables}{$class_name}{field_type} = $sth->{TYPE};</PRE>
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<P>It also call these other private subroutine to affect the main hash
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of the database structure :</P>
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<PRE>
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{column_info}} = &_column_info($self, $class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{primary_key}} = &_primary_key($self, $class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{unique_key}} = &_unique_key($self, $class_name);
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@{$self->{tables}{$class_name}{foreign_key}} = &_foreign_key($self, $class_name);</PRE>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_views">_views</A></H2>
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<P>This function is used to retrieve all views information.</P>
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<P>Set the main hash of the views definition $self->{views}.
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Keys are the names of all views retrieved from the current
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database values are the text definition of the views.</P>
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<P>It then set the main hash as follow:</P>
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<PRE>
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# Definition of the view
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$self->{views}{$table}{text} = $view_infos{$table};
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# Grants defined on the views
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$self->{views}{$table}{grants} = when I find how...</PRE>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sql_data">_get_sql_data</A></H2>
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<P>Returns a string containing the entire SQL Schema definition compatible with PostgreSQL</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_sql_type internal_type length">_sql_type INTERNAL_TYPE LENGTH</A></H2>
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<P>This function return the PostgreSQL datatype corresponding to the
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Oracle internal type.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_column_info table">_column_info TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native column information.</P>
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<P>Return a list of array reference containing the following informations
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for each column the given a table</P>
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<P>[(
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column name,
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column type,
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column length,
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nullable column,
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default value
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)]</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_primary_key table">_primary_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native primary key column
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a list of all column name defined as primary key
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for the given table.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_unique_key table">_unique_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native unique key column
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a list of all column name defined as unique key
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for the given table.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_foreign_key table">_foreign_key TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native foreign key reference
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a list of hash of hash of array reference. Ouuf! Nothing very difficult.
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The first hash is composed of all foreign key name. The second hash just have
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two key known as 'local' and remote' corresponding to the local table where the
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foreign key is defined and the remote table where the key refer.</P>
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<P>The foreign key name is composed as follow:</P>
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<PRE>
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'local_table_name->remote_table_name'</PRE>
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<P>Foreign key data consist in two array representing at the same indice the local
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field and the remote field where the first one refer to the second.
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Just like this:</P>
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<PRE>
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{local}} = @local_columns;
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@{$link{$fkey_name}{remote}} = @remote_columns;</PRE>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_table_privilege table">_get_table_privilege TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native table grants
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a hash of array of all users and their grants on the
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given table.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_roles">_get_roles</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native roles/users
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a hash of all groups (roles) as an array of associated users.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_indexes table">_get_indexes TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native indexes
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information.</P>
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<P>Return an array of all indexes name which are not primary keys
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for the given table.</P>
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<P>Note: Indexes name must be created like this tablename_fieldname
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else they will not be retrieved or if tablename false in the output
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fieldname.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_sequences table">_get_sequences TABLE</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native sequence
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information.</P>
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<P>Return a hash of array of sequence name with MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE,
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INCREMENT and LAST_NUMBER for the given table.</P>
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<P>Not working yet.</P>
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<P>
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<H2><A NAME="_get_views">_get_views</A></H2>
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<P>This function implements a Oracle-native views information.</P>
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<P>Return a hash of array of sequence name with MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE,
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INCREMENT and LAST_NUMBER for the given table.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="author">AUTHOR</A></H1>
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<P>Gilles Darold <<A HREF="mailto:gilles@darold.net">gilles@darold.net</A>></P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="copyright">COPYRIGHT</A></H1>
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<P>Copyright (c) 2001 Gilles Darold - All rights reserved.</P>
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<P>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the same terms as Perl itself.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="bugs">BUGS</A></H1>
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<P>This perl module is in the same state as my knowledge regarding database,
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it can move and not be compatible with older version so I will do my best
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to give you official support for Ora2Pg. Your volontee to help construct
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it and your contribution are welcome.</P>
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<P>
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<HR>
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<H1><A NAME="see also">SEE ALSO</A></H1>
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<P><EM>DBI</EM>, <A HREF="/DBD/Oracle.html">the DBD::Oracle manpage</A></P>
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</BODY>
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