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postgres/src/backend/parser
Tom Lane 0702c86a13 Ensure that whole-row junk Vars are always of composite type.
The EvalPlanQual machinery assumes that whole-row Vars generated for the
outputs of non-table RTEs will be of composite types.  However, for the
case where the RTE is a function call returning a scalar type, we were
doing the wrong thing, as a result of sharing code with a parser case
where the function's scalar output is wanted.  (Or at least, that's what
that case has done historically; it does seem a bit inconsistent.)

To fix, extend makeWholeRowVar's API so that it can support both use-cases.
This fixes Belinda Cussen's report of crashes during concurrent execution
of UPDATEs involving joins to the result of UNNEST() --- in READ COMMITTED
mode, we'd run the EvalPlanQual machinery after a conflicting row update
commits, and it was expecting to get a HeapTuple not a scalar datum from
the "wholerowN" variable referencing the function RTE.

Back-patch to 9.0 where the current EvalPlanQual implementation appeared.

In 9.1 and up, this patch also fixes failure to attach the correct
collation to the Var generated for a scalar-result case.  An example:
regression=# select upper(x.*) from textcat('ab', 'cd') x;
ERROR:  could not determine which collation to use for upper() function
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src/backend/parser/README

Parser
======

This directory does more than tokenize and parse SQL queries.  It also
creates Query structures for the various complex queries that are passed
to the optimizer and then executor.

parser.c	things start here
scan.l		break query into tokens
scansup.c	handle escapes in input strings
kwlookup.c	turn keywords into specific tokens
keywords.c	table of standard keywords (passed to kwlookup.c)
gram.y		parse the tokens and produce a "raw" parse tree
analyze.c	top level of parse analysis for optimizable queries
parse_agg.c	handle aggregates, like SUM(col1),  AVG(col2), ...
parse_clause.c	handle clauses like WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, ...
parse_coerce.c	handle coercing expressions to different data types
parse_collate.c	assign collation information in completed expressions
parse_cte.c	handle Common Table Expressions (WITH clauses)
parse_expr.c	handle expressions like col, col + 3, x = 3 or x = 4
parse_func.c	handle functions, table.column and column identifiers
parse_node.c	create nodes for various structures
parse_oper.c	handle operators in expressions
parse_param.c	handle Params (for the cases used in the core backend)
parse_relation.c support routines for tables and column handling
parse_target.c	handle the result list of the query
parse_type.c	support routines for data type handling
parse_utilcmd.c	parse analysis for utility commands (done at execution time)