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While populating the pgbench_accounts table, plain COPY was unconditionally used. By changing it to COPY FREEZE, the time for VACUUM is significantly reduced, thus the total time of "pgbench -i" is also reduced. This only happens if pgbench runs against PostgreSQL 14 or later because COPY FREEZE in previous versions of PostgreSQL does not bring the benefit. Also if partitioning is used, COPY FREEZE cannot be used. In this case plain COPY will be used too. Author: Tatsuo Ishii Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20210308.143907.2014279678657453983.t-ishii@gmail.com Reviewed-by: Fabien COELHO, Laurenz Albe, Peter Geoghegan, Dean Rasheed
<!-- doc/src/sgml/README.links --> Linking within DocBook documents can be confusing, so here is a summary: Intra-document Linking ---------------------- <xref> use to get chapter/section number from the title of the target link, or xreflabel if defined at the target, or refentrytitle if target is a refentry; has no close tag http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/documentation/reference/html/xref.html linkend= controls the target of the link/xref, required endterm= for <xref>, allows the text of the link/xref to be taken from a different link target title <link> use to supply text for the link, only uses linkend, requires </link> http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/documentation/reference/html/link.html can be embedded inside of <command>, unlike <xref> External Linking ---------------- <ulink> like <link>, but uses a URL (not a document target); requires </ulink>; if no text is specified, the URL appears as the link text http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/documentation/reference/html/ulink.html url= used by <ulink> to specify the URL, required Guidelines ---------- - For an internal link, if you want to supply text, use <link>, else <xref>. - Specific nouns like GUC variables, SQL commands, and contrib modules usually have xreflabels. - For an external link, use <ulink>, with or without link text. - xreflabels added to tags prevent the chapter/section for id's from being referenced; only the xreflabel is accessible. Therefore, use xreflabels only when linking is common, and chapter/section information is unneeded.