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postgres/contrib/pg_trgm/sql/pg_trgm.sql
Tom Lane 4a593043ee Put "excludeOnly" GIN scan keys at the end of the scankey array. 
Commit 4b754d6c1 introduced the concept of an excludeOnly scan key,
which cannot select matching index entries but can reject
non-matching tuples, for example a tsquery such as '!term'.  There are
poorly-documented assumptions that such scan keys do not appear as the
first scan key.  ginNewScanKey did nothing to ensure that, however,
with the result that certain GIN index searches could go into an
infinite loop while apparently-equivalent queries with the clauses in
a different order were fine.

Fix by teaching ginNewScanKey to place all excludeOnly scan keys
after all not-excludeOnly ones.  So far as we know at present,
it might be sufficient to avoid the case where the very first
scan key is excludeOnly; but I'm not very convinced that there
aren't other dependencies on the ordering.

Bug: #19031
Reported-by: Tim Wood <washwithcare@gmail.com>
Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/19031-0638148643d25548@postgresql.org
Backpatch-through: 13
2025-08-26 12:08:57 -04:00

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CREATE EXTENSION pg_trgm;
-- Check whether any of our opclasses fail amvalidate
SELECT amname, opcname
FROM pg_opclass opc LEFT JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = opcmethod
WHERE opc.oid >= 16384 AND NOT amvalidate(opc.oid);
--backslash is used in tests below, installcheck will fail if
--standard_conforming_string is off
set standard_conforming_strings=on;
-- reduce noise
set extra_float_digits = 0;
select show_trgm('');
select show_trgm('(*&^$@%@');
select show_trgm('a b c');
select show_trgm(' a b c ');
select show_trgm('aA bB cC');
select show_trgm(' aA bB cC ');
select show_trgm('a b C0*%^');
select similarity('wow','WOWa ');
select similarity('wow',' WOW ');
select similarity('---', '####---');
CREATE TABLE test_trgm(t text COLLATE "C");
\copy test_trgm from 'data/trgm.data'
select t,similarity(t,'qwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'qwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu1988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu1988' order by sml desc, t;
select t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988', t from test_trgm order by t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988' limit 2;
select count(*) from test_trgm where t ~ '[qwerty]{2}-?[qwerty]{2}';
create index trgm_idx on test_trgm using gist (t gist_trgm_ops);
set enable_seqscan=off;
select t,similarity(t,'qwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'qwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu1988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu1988' order by sml desc, t;
explain (costs off)
select t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988', t from test_trgm order by t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988' limit 2;
select t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988', t from test_trgm order by t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988' limit 2;
select count(*) from test_trgm where t ~ '[qwerty]{2}-?[qwerty]{2}';
drop index trgm_idx;
create index trgm_idx on test_trgm using gist (t gist_trgm_ops(siglen=0));
create index trgm_idx on test_trgm using gist (t gist_trgm_ops(siglen=2025));
create index trgm_idx on test_trgm using gist (t gist_trgm_ops(siglen=2024));
set enable_seqscan=off;
-- check index compatibility handling when opclass option is specified
alter table test_trgm alter column t type varchar(768);
alter table test_trgm alter column t type text;
select t,similarity(t,'qwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'qwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu1988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu1988' order by sml desc, t;
explain (costs off)
select t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988', t from test_trgm order by t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988' limit 2;
select t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988', t from test_trgm order by t <-> 'q0987wertyu0988' limit 2;
select count(*) from test_trgm where t ~ '[qwerty]{2}-?[qwerty]{2}';
drop index trgm_idx;
create index trgm_idx on test_trgm using gin (t gin_trgm_ops);
set enable_seqscan=off;
select t,similarity(t,'qwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'qwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu0988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu0988' order by sml desc, t;
select t,similarity(t,'gwertyu1988') as sml from test_trgm where t % 'gwertyu1988' order by sml desc, t;
select count(*) from test_trgm where t ~ '[qwerty]{2}-?[qwerty]{2}';
-- check handling of indexquals that generate no searchable conditions
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
-- ensure that pending-list items are handled correctly, too
create temp table t_test_trgm(t text COLLATE "C");
create index t_trgm_idx on t_test_trgm using gin (t gin_trgm_ops);
insert into t_test_trgm values ('qwerty99'), ('qwerty01');
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
explain (costs off)
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
-- run the same queries with sequential scan to check the results
set enable_bitmapscan=off;
set enable_seqscan=on;
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
select count(*) from test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qwerty%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t like '%99%' and t like '%qw%';
select count(*) from t_test_trgm where t %> '' and t %> '%qwerty%';
reset enable_bitmapscan;
create table test2(t text COLLATE "C");
insert into test2 values ('abcdef');
insert into test2 values ('quark');
insert into test2 values (' z foo bar');
insert into test2 values ('/123/-45/');
insert into test2 values ('line 1');
insert into test2 values ('%line 2');
insert into test2 values ('line 3%');
insert into test2 values ('%line 4%');
insert into test2 values ('%li%ne 5%');
insert into test2 values ('li_e 6');
create index test2_idx_gin on test2 using gin (t gin_trgm_ops);
set enable_seqscan=off;
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t like '%BCD%';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ilike '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t like '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t like '%bcd%';
select * from test2 where t like E'%\\bcd%';
select * from test2 where t ilike '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t ilike 'qua%';
select * from test2 where t like '%z foo bar%';
select * from test2 where t like ' z foo%';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ~ '[abc]{3}';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ~* 'DEF';
select * from test2 where t ~ '[abc]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'a[bc]+d';
select * from test2 where t ~ '(abc)*$';
select * from test2 where t ~* 'DEF';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'dEf';
select * from test2 where t ~* '^q';
select * from test2 where t ~* '[abc]{3}[def]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* 'ab[a-z]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* '(^| )qua';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'q.*rk$';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'q';
select * from test2 where t ~ '[a-z]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* '(a{10}|b{10}|c{10}){10}';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'qua(?!foo)';
select * from test2 where t ~ '/\d+/-\d';
-- test = operator
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t = 'abcdef';
select * from test2 where t = 'abcdef';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t = '%line%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line%';
select * from test2 where t = 'li_e 1';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 2';
select * from test2 where t = 'line 3%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 3%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 4%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 5%';
select * from test2 where t = '%li_ne 5%';
select * from test2 where t = '%li%ne 5%';
select * from test2 where t = 'line 6';
select * from test2 where t = 'li_e 6';
drop index test2_idx_gin;
create index test2_idx_gist on test2 using gist (t gist_trgm_ops);
set enable_seqscan=off;
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t like '%BCD%';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ilike '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t like '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t like '%bcd%';
select * from test2 where t like E'%\\bcd%';
select * from test2 where t ilike '%BCD%';
select * from test2 where t ilike 'qua%';
select * from test2 where t like '%z foo bar%';
select * from test2 where t like ' z foo%';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ~ '[abc]{3}';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t ~* 'DEF';
select * from test2 where t ~ '[abc]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'a[bc]+d';
select * from test2 where t ~ '(abc)*$';
select * from test2 where t ~* 'DEF';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'dEf';
select * from test2 where t ~* '^q';
select * from test2 where t ~* '[abc]{3}[def]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* 'ab[a-z]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* '(^| )qua';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'q.*rk$';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'q';
select * from test2 where t ~ '[a-z]{3}';
select * from test2 where t ~* '(a{10}|b{10}|c{10}){10}';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo bar';
select * from test2 where t ~ ' z foo';
select * from test2 where t ~ 'qua(?!foo)';
select * from test2 where t ~ '/\d+/-\d';
-- test = operator
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t = 'abcdef';
select * from test2 where t = 'abcdef';
explain (costs off)
select * from test2 where t = '%line%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line%';
select * from test2 where t = 'li_e 1';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 2';
select * from test2 where t = 'line 3%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 3%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 4%';
select * from test2 where t = '%line 5%';
select * from test2 where t = '%li_ne 5%';
select * from test2 where t = '%li%ne 5%';
select * from test2 where t = 'line 6';
select * from test2 where t = 'li_e 6';
-- Check similarity threshold (bug #14202)
CREATE TEMP TABLE restaurants (city text);
INSERT INTO restaurants SELECT 'Warsaw' FROM generate_series(1, 10000);
INSERT INTO restaurants SELECT 'Szczecin' FROM generate_series(1, 10000);
CREATE INDEX ON restaurants USING gist(city gist_trgm_ops);
-- Similarity of the two names (for reference).
SELECT similarity('Szczecin', 'Warsaw');
-- Should get only 'Warsaw' for either setting of set_limit.
EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF)
SELECT DISTINCT city, similarity(city, 'Warsaw'), show_limit()
FROM restaurants WHERE city % 'Warsaw';
SELECT set_limit(0.3);
SELECT DISTINCT city, similarity(city, 'Warsaw'), show_limit()
FROM restaurants WHERE city % 'Warsaw';
SELECT set_limit(0.5);
SELECT DISTINCT city, similarity(city, 'Warsaw'), show_limit()
FROM restaurants WHERE city % 'Warsaw';
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