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Nathan Bossart 9505175f2a Avoid overflow in Levenshtein distance calculations.
levenshtein() and levenshtein_less_equal() let the caller specify
the insertion, deletion, and substitution costs, and
fuzzystrmatch's corresponding SQL functions accept any 32-bit
integer for each.  Since the distances are calculated with 32-bit
arithmetic, large costs can cause overflows, thereby producing
nonsensical results.  Certain inputs to levenshtein_less_equal()
can even cause out-of-bounds writes.  To fix, use 64-bit arithmetic
instead, and error whenever the final result won't fit in the
returned 32-bit integer.

We may want to teach these functions to reject negative costs, too,
but that didn't seem appropriate for a security fix, and therefore
it is left as a future exercise.

Reported-by: Ben Morris in collaboration with Claude and Anthropic Research
Author: Nathan Bossart <nathandbossart@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com>
Security: CVE-2026-15742
Backpatch-through: 14
2026-08-10 06:38:36 -07:00
..
2017-09-14 22:22:59 -04:00