Add GetNamedDSA() and GetNamedDSHash().

Presently, the dynamic shared memory (DSM) registry only provides
GetNamedDSMSegment(), which allocates a fixed-size segment.  To use
the DSM registry for more sophisticated things like dynamic shared
memory areas (DSAs) or a hash table backed by a DSA (dshash), users
need to create a DSM segment that stores various handles and LWLock
tranche IDs and to write fairly complicated initialization code.
Furthermore, there is likely little variation in this
initialization code between libraries.

This commit introduces functions that simplify allocating a DSA or
dshash within the DSM registry.  These functions are very similar
to GetNamedDSMSegment().  Notable differences include the lack of
an initialization callback parameter and the prohibition of calling
the functions more than once for a given entry in each backend
(which should be trivially avoidable in most circumstances).  While
at it, this commit bumps the maximum DSM registry entry name length
from 63 bytes to 127 bytes.

Also note that even though one could presumably detach/destroy the
DSAs and dshashes created in the registry, such use-cases are not
yet well-supported, if for no other reason than the associated DSM
registry entries cannot be removed.  Adding such support is left as
a future exercise.

The test_dsm_registry test module contains tests for the new
functions and also serves as a complete usage example.

Reviewed-by: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
Reviewed-by: Sami Imseih <samimseih@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Florents Tselai <florents.tselai@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rahila Syed <rahilasyed90@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/aEC8HGy2tRQjZg_8%40nathan

src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c

@@ -531,6 +531,21 @@ dsa_attach(dsa_handle handle)
 	return area;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns whether the area with the given handle was already attached by the
+ * current process.  The area must have been created with dsa_create (not
+ * dsa_create_in_place).
+ */
+bool
+dsa_is_attached(dsa_handle handle)
+{
+	/*
+	 * An area handle is really a DSM segment handle for the first segment, so
+	 * we can just search for that.
+	 */
+	return dsm_find_mapping(handle) != NULL;
+}
+
 /*
  * Attach to an area that was created with dsa_create_in_place.  The caller
  * must somehow know the location in memory that was used when the area was