mirror of
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Attached is are diffs for CREATE/ALTER table doc I've
forgotten in my mailbox (sorry). Haven't tried to apply and
since I don't have working sgml stuff cannot check.
Jan
This commit is contained in:
Bruce Momjian
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml,v 1.19 2000/04/08 02:44:55 momjian Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml,v 1.20 2000/04/11 14:43:54 momjian Exp $
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Postgres documentation
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-->
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@@ -450,7 +450,15 @@ CREATE TABLE distributors (
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<synopsis>
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[ CONSTRAINT <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> ] { [
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NULL | NOT NULL ] | UNIQUE | PRIMARY KEY | CHECK <replaceable
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class="parameter">constraint</replaceable> } [, ...]
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class="parameter">constraint</replaceable> | REFERENCES
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<replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
|
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(<replaceable class="parameter">referenced column</replaceable>)
|
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[ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">match type</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
|
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[ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
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[ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
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[ INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable> ] }
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[, ...]
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</synopsis>
|
||||
</para>
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|
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@@ -900,7 +908,7 @@ ERROR: Cannot insert a duplicate key into a unique index.
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Only one PRIMARY KEY can be specified for a table.
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</para>
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</refsect3>
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||||
|
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<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-PRIMARYKEY-3">
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<title>
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Notes
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@@ -920,6 +928,278 @@ ERROR: Cannot insert a duplicate key into a unique index.
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</para>
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</refsect3>
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</refsect2>
|
||||
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<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-REFERENCES-1">
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<refsect2info>
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<date>2000-02-04</date>
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</refsect2info>
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<title>
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REFERENCES Constraint
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</title>
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<synopsis>
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[ CONSTRAINT <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> ] REFERENCES
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<replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter"> referenced column</replaceable> ) ]
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[ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ]
|
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[ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
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[ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
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[ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
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[ INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable> ]
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</synopsis>
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<para>
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The REFERENCES constraint specifies a rule that a column
|
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value is checked against the values of another column.
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REFERENCES can also be specified as part of
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a FOREIGN KEY table constraint.
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</para>
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<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-1">
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<title>Inputs</title>
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<para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>CONSTRAINT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">name</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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An arbitrary name for the constraint.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The table that contains the data to check against.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><replaceable class="parameter">referenced column</replaceable></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>
|
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The column in the <replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
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to check the data against. If this is not specified, the PRIMARY KEY of the
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<replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable> is used.
|
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</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The type of comparison to do between the table data. There are three
|
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types of matching, MATCH FULL, MATCH PARTIAL, and the unspecified match type
|
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used if no match type is specified.
|
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</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>
|
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The action to do when a referenced row in the referenced table is being
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deleted. There are the following actions.
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||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>CASCADE</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Delete any rows referencing the deleted row.
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||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>RESTRICT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Disallow deletion of rows being referenced.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET NULL</term>
|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>
|
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Set the referencing column values to NULL.
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</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET DEFAULT</term>
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<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to their default value.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>NO ACTION</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Do nothing.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The action to do when a referenced column in the referenced table is being
|
||||
updated to a new value. If the row is updated, but the referenced column
|
||||
is not changed, no action is done. There are the following actions.
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>CASCADE</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Update the value of the referencing column to the new value of the
|
||||
referenced column.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>RESTRICT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Disallow update of row being referenced.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET NULL</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to NULL.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET DEFAULT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to their default value.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>NO ACTION</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Do nothing.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term> [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE </term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Tells the trigger manager whether this constraint may be
|
||||
deferred to the end of transaction.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">check time</replaceable> has two possible values
|
||||
which specify the default time to check the constraint.
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>DEFERRED</term>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Check this constraint at the end of the transaction.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>IMMEDIATE</term>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Check this constraint after each statement.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-2">
|
||||
<refsect3info>
|
||||
<date>2000-02-04</date>
|
||||
</refsect3info>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
Outputs
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><replaceable>status</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><computeroutput>
|
||||
ERROR: <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> referential integrity violation - key referenced from
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">table</replaceable> not found in <replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
|
||||
</computeroutput></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
This error occurs at runtime if one tries to insert a value
|
||||
into a column which does not have a matching column in the
|
||||
referenced table.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-3">
|
||||
<title>Description</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The REFERENCES column constraint specifies that a column of a
|
||||
table must only contain values which match against values
|
||||
in a referenced column of a referenced table.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
A value added to this column are matched against the
|
||||
values of the referenced table and referenced column using
|
||||
the given match type.
|
||||
In addition, when the referenced column data is changed,
|
||||
actions are run upon this column's matching data.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-4">
|
||||
<refsect3info>
|
||||
<date>1998-09-11</date>
|
||||
</refsect3info>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
Notes
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Currently <productname>Postgres</productname> only supports
|
||||
MATCH FULL and an unspecified MATCH type.
|
||||
In addition, the referenced columns are supposed to be
|
||||
the columns of a UNIQUE constraint in the referenced table,
|
||||
however <productname>Postgres</productname> does not
|
||||
enforce this.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
</refsect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-TABLECONSTRAINT-1">
|
||||
@@ -930,6 +1210,14 @@ ERROR: Cannot insert a duplicate key into a unique index.
|
||||
<synopsis>
|
||||
[ CONSTRAINT name ] { PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE } ( <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> [, ...] )
|
||||
[ CONSTRAINT name ] CHECK ( <replaceable>constraint</replaceable> )
|
||||
[ CONSTRAINT name ] FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> [, ...] )
|
||||
REFERENCES <replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
|
||||
(<replaceable class="parameter">referenced column</replaceable> [, ...] )
|
||||
[ MATCH <match type> ]
|
||||
[ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
|
||||
[ INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable> ]
|
||||
</synopsis>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-TABLECONSTRAINT-1">
|
||||
@@ -1174,7 +1462,271 @@ CREATE TABLE distributors (
|
||||
information.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
</refsect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-REFERENCES-1">
|
||||
<refsect2info>
|
||||
<date>2000-02-04</date>
|
||||
</refsect2info>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
REFERENCES Constraint
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
<synopsis>
|
||||
[ CONSTRAINT <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> ]
|
||||
FOREIGN KEY ( <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> [, ...] ) REFERENCES
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable> [ ( <replaceable class="parameter">referenced column</replaceable> [, ...] ) ]
|
||||
[ MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable> ]
|
||||
[ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
|
||||
[ INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable> ]
|
||||
</synopsis>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The REFERENCES constraint specifies a rule that a column
|
||||
value is checked against the values of another column.
|
||||
REFERENCES can also be specified as part of
|
||||
a FOREIGN KEY table constraint.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-1">
|
||||
<title>Inputs</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>CONSTRAINT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">name</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
An arbitrary name for the constraint.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><replaceable class="PARAMETER">column</replaceable> [, ...]</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The names of one or more columns in the table.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The table that contains the data to check against.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><replaceable class="parameter">referenced column</replaceable> [, ...]</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
One or more column in the <replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
|
||||
to check the data against. If this is not specified, the PRIMARY KEY of the
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable> is used.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>MATCH <replaceable class="parameter">matchtype</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The type of comparison to do between the table data. There are three
|
||||
types of matching, MATCH FULL, MATCH PARTIAL, and the unspecified match type
|
||||
used if no match type is specified.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>ON DELETE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The action to do when a referenced row in the referenced table is being
|
||||
deleted. There are the following actions.
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>CASCADE</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Delete any rows referencing the deleted row.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>RESTRICT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Disallow deletion of rows being referenced.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET NULL</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to NULL.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET DEFAULT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to their default value.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>NO ACTION</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Do nothing.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>ON UPDATE <replaceable class="parameter">action</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The action to do when a referenced column in the referenced table is being
|
||||
updated to a new value. If the row is updated, but the referenced column
|
||||
is not changed, no action is done. There are the following actions.
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>CASCADE</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Update the value of the referencing column to the new value of the
|
||||
referenced column.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>RESTRICT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Disallow update of row being referenced.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET NULL</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to NULL.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>SET DEFAULT</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Set the referencing column values to their default value.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>NO ACTION</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Do nothing.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term> [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE </term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Tells the trigger manager whether this constraint may be
|
||||
deferred to the end of transaction.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>INITIALLY <replaceable class="parameter"> check time </replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">check time</replaceable> has two possible values
|
||||
which specify the default time to check the constraint.
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>DEFERRED</term>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Check this constraint at the end of the transaction.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>IMMEDIATE</term>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Check this constraint after each statement.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
<refsect3 id="R3-SQL-REFERENCES-2">
|
||||
<refsect3info>
|
||||
<date>2000-02-04</date>
|
||||
</refsect3info>
|
||||
<title>
|
||||
Outputs
|
||||
</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><replaceable>status</replaceable></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><computeroutput>
|
||||
ERROR: <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> referential integrity violation - key referenced from
|
||||
<replaceable class="parameter">table</replaceable> not found in <replaceable class="parameter">referenced table</replaceable>
|
||||
</computeroutput></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
This error occurs at runtime if one tries to insert a value
|
||||
into a column which does not have a matching column in the
|
||||
referenced table.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
<refsect3>
|
||||
<title>Description</title>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The FOREIGN KEY constraint specifies a rule that a group of one
|
||||
or more distinct columns of a table are related to a group
|
||||
of distinct columns in the referenced table.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
The FOREIGN KEY table constraint is similar to that for column constraints,
|
||||
with the additional capability of encompassing multiple columns.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
<para>
|
||||
Refer to the section on the FOREIGN KEY column constraint for more
|
||||
information.
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</refsect3>
|
||||
|
||||
</refsect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</refsect1>
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user