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Add support for base64url encoding and decoding
This adds support for base64url encoding and decoding, a base64 variant which is safe to use in filenames and URLs. base64url replaces '+' in the base64 alphabet with '-' and '/' with '_', thus making it safe for URL addresses and file systems. Support for base64url was originally suggested by Przemysław Sztoch. Author: Florents Tselai <florents.tselai@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Aleksander Alekseev <aleksander@timescale.com> Reviewed-by: David E. Wheeler <david@justatheory.com> Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se> Reviewed-by: Chao Li (Evan) <li.evan.chao@gmail.com> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/70f2b6a8-486a-4fdb-a951-84cef35e22ab@sztoch.pl
This commit is contained in:
Daniel Gustafsson
@@ -2517,6 +2517,156 @@ SELECT decode(encode('\x1234567890abcdef00', 'escape'), 'escape');
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\x1234567890abcdef00
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(1 row)
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--
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-- base64url encoding/decoding
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--
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SET bytea_output TO hex;
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-- Simple encoding/decoding
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SELECT encode('\x69b73eff', 'base64url'); -- abc-_w
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encode
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--------
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abc-_w
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('abc-_w', 'base64url'); -- \x69b73eff
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decode
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------------
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\x69b73eff
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(1 row)
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-- Round-trip: decode(encode(x)) = x
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SELECT decode(encode('\x1234567890abcdef00', 'base64url'), 'base64url'); -- \x1234567890abcdef00
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decode
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----------------------
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\x1234567890abcdef00
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(1 row)
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-- Empty input
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SELECT encode('', 'base64url'); -- ''
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encode
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--------
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('', 'base64url'); -- ''
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decode
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--------
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\x
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(1 row)
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-- 1 byte input
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SELECT encode('\x01', 'base64url'); -- AQ
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encode
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--------
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AQ
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('AQ', 'base64url'); -- \x01
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decode
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--------
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\x01
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(1 row)
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-- 2 byte input
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SELECT encode('\x0102'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- AQI
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encode
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--------
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AQI
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('AQI', 'base64url'); -- \x0102
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decode
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--------
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\x0102
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(1 row)
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-- 3 byte input (no padding needed)
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SELECT encode('\x010203'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- AQID
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encode
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--------
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AQID
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('AQID', 'base64url'); -- \x010203
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decode
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----------
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\x010203
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(1 row)
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-- 4 byte input (results in 6 base64 chars)
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SELECT encode('\xdeadbeef'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- 3q2-7w
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encode
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--------
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3q2-7w
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('3q2-7w', 'base64url'); -- \xdeadbeef
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decode
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------------
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\xdeadbeef
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(1 row)
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-- Round-trip test for all lengths from 0–4
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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encode
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--------
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(1 row)
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x00', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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encode
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--------
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AA
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(1 row)
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x0001', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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encode
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--------
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AAE
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(1 row)
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x000102', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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encode
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--------
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AAEC
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(1 row)
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x00010203', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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encode
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--------
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AAECAw
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(1 row)
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-- Invalid inputs (should ERROR)
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-- invalid character '@'
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SELECT decode('QQ@=', 'base64url');
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ERROR: invalid symbol "@" found while decoding base64url sequence
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-- missing characters (incomplete group)
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SELECT decode('QQ', 'base64url'); -- ok (1 byte)
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decode
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--------
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\x41
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('QQI', 'base64url'); -- ok (2 bytes)
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decode
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--------
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\x4102
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(1 row)
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SELECT decode('QQIDQ', 'base64url'); -- ERROR: invalid base64url end sequence
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ERROR: invalid base64url end sequence
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HINT: Input data is missing padding, is truncated, or is otherwise corrupted.
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-- unexpected '=' at start
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SELECT decode('=QQQ', 'base64url');
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ERROR: unexpected "=" while decoding base64url sequence
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-- valid base64 padding in base64url (optional, but accepted)
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SELECT decode('abc-_w==', 'base64url'); -- should decode to \x69b73eff
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decode
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------------
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\x69b73eff
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(1 row)
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--
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-- get_bit/set_bit etc
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--
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@@ -799,6 +799,60 @@ SELECT decode(encode(('\x' || repeat('1234567890abcdef0001', 7))::bytea,
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SELECT encode('\x1234567890abcdef00', 'escape');
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SELECT decode(encode('\x1234567890abcdef00', 'escape'), 'escape');
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--
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-- base64url encoding/decoding
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--
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SET bytea_output TO hex;
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-- Simple encoding/decoding
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SELECT encode('\x69b73eff', 'base64url'); -- abc-_w
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SELECT decode('abc-_w', 'base64url'); -- \x69b73eff
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-- Round-trip: decode(encode(x)) = x
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SELECT decode(encode('\x1234567890abcdef00', 'base64url'), 'base64url'); -- \x1234567890abcdef00
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-- Empty input
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SELECT encode('', 'base64url'); -- ''
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SELECT decode('', 'base64url'); -- ''
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-- 1 byte input
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SELECT encode('\x01', 'base64url'); -- AQ
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SELECT decode('AQ', 'base64url'); -- \x01
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-- 2 byte input
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SELECT encode('\x0102'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- AQI
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SELECT decode('AQI', 'base64url'); -- \x0102
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-- 3 byte input (no padding needed)
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SELECT encode('\x010203'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- AQID
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SELECT decode('AQID', 'base64url'); -- \x010203
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-- 4 byte input (results in 6 base64 chars)
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SELECT encode('\xdeadbeef'::bytea, 'base64url'); -- 3q2-7w
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SELECT decode('3q2-7w', 'base64url'); -- \xdeadbeef
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-- Round-trip test for all lengths from 0–4
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x00', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x0001', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x000102', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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SELECT encode(decode(encode(E'\\x00010203', 'base64url'), 'base64url'), 'base64url');
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-- Invalid inputs (should ERROR)
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-- invalid character '@'
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SELECT decode('QQ@=', 'base64url');
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-- missing characters (incomplete group)
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SELECT decode('QQ', 'base64url'); -- ok (1 byte)
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SELECT decode('QQI', 'base64url'); -- ok (2 bytes)
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SELECT decode('QQIDQ', 'base64url'); -- ERROR: invalid base64url end sequence
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-- unexpected '=' at start
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SELECT decode('=QQQ', 'base64url');
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-- valid base64 padding in base64url (optional, but accepted)
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SELECT decode('abc-_w==', 'base64url'); -- should decode to \x69b73eff
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--
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-- get_bit/set_bit etc
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--
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