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Update information and query results for upcoming v6.2 release.

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Thomas G. Lockhart 1997-09-01 06:21:00 +00:00
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src/man/pgbuiltin.3
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
.\" This is -*-nroff-*-
.\" XXX standard disclaimer belongs here....
.\" $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/man/Attic/pgbuiltin.3,v 1.1 1997/08/26 17:39:32 momjian Exp $
.\" $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/man/Attic/pgbuiltin.3,v 1.2 1997/09/01 06:21:00 thomas Exp $
.TH PGBUILTIN INTRO 04/01/97 PostgreSQL PostgreSQL
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
This section describes the data types, functions and operators
@ -79,13 +79,11 @@ types are either unique to Postgres, such as open and closed paths, or have
several possibilities for formats, such as date and time types.
.SH "Syntax of date and time types"
Some date and time types share code for data input. For those types (currently
.IR datetime
and
.IR abstime
, and
.IR timespan
and
Most date and time types share code for data input. For those types (
.IR datetime ,
.IR abstime ,
.IR timestamp ,
.IR timespan and
.IR reltime )
the input can have any of a wide variety of styles. For numeric date representations,
European and US conventions can differ, and the proper interpretation is obtained
@ -232,6 +230,17 @@ where
Valid relative times are less than or equal to 68 years.)
In addition, the special relative time \*(lqUndefined RelTime\*(rq is
provided.
.SH "TIMESTAMP"
This is currently a limited-range absolute time which closely resembles the
.IR abstime
data type. It shares the general input parser with the other date/time types.
In future releases this type will absorb the capabilities of the datetime type
and will move toward SQL92 compliance.
.PP
timestamp is specified using the same syntax as for datetime.
.SH "TIME RANGES"
Time ranges are specified as:
.PP
@ -317,22 +326,23 @@ path is specified using the following syntax:
.nf
( x1 , y1 ) , ... , ( xn , yn )
.nf
x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn
( x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn )
.nf
( closed, n, x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn )
x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn
.sp
where
(x1,y1),...,(xn,yn) are points 1 through n
a leading "[" indicates an open path
a leading "(" indicates a closed path
a single leading "(" indicates a v6.0-compatible format
closed is an integer flag which is zero for an open path
n is the number of points in the path
.fi
.PP
Paths are output using the first syntax.
The last format is supplied to be backward compatible with v6.0 and earlier
path formats and will not be supported in future versions of Postgres.
Note that Postgres versions prior to
v6.1 used a format for paths which had a single leading parenthesis, a "closed" flag,
an integer count of the number of points, then the list of points followed by a
closing parenthesis. The built-in function upgradepath() is supplied to convert
paths dumped and reloaded from pre-v6.1 databases.
.SH "POLYGON"
Polygons are represented by sets of points. Polygons should probably be
considered
@ -346,18 +356,25 @@ polygon is specified using the following syntax:
.nf
( x1 , y1 ) , ... , ( xn , yn )
.nf
x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn
( x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn )
.nf
( x1 , ... , xn , y1 , ... , yn )
x1 , y1 , ... , xn , yn
.sp
where
(x1,y1),...,(xn,yn) are points 1 through n
a single leading "(" indicates a v6.0-compatible format
.fi
.PP
Polygons are output using the first syntax.
The last format is supplied to be backward compatible with v6.0 and earlier
path formats and will not be supported in future versions of Postgres.
a single leading "(" indicates a v6.0-compatible format
( x1 , ... , xn , y1 , ... , yn )
Note that Postgres versions prior to
v6.1 used a format for polygons which had a single leading parenthesis, the list
of x-axis coordinates, the list of y-axis coordinates, followed by a closing parenthesis.
The built-in function upgradepoly() is supplied to convert
polygons dumped and reloaded from pre-v6.1 databases.
.SH "CIRCLE"
Circles are represented by a center point and a radius.
.PP
@ -426,7 +443,19 @@ general
/ division
% modulus
@ absolute value
<===> distance between
geometric
@ A contained by (inside or on) B
~ A contains (around or on) B
@@ center of object
<-> distance between A and B
&& objects overlap
&< A overlaps B, but does not extend to right of B
&> A overlaps B, but does not extend to left of B
<< A is left of B
>> A is right of B
>^ A is above B
<^ A is below B
float8
^ exponentiation
@ -437,28 +466,28 @@ float8
; natural logarithm (in psql, protect with parentheses)
point
!< A is left of B
!> A is right of B
!^ A is above B
!| A is below B
\(eq|\(eq equality
===> point inside box
===` point on path
<< A is left of B
>> A is right of B
>^ A is above B
<^ A is below B
~\(eq A same as B (equality)
@ point inside (or on) path, box, circle, polygon
box
&& boxes overlap
&< box A overlaps box B, but does not extend to right of box B
&> box A overlaps box B, but does not extend to left of box B
<< A is left of B
>> A is right of B
>^ A is above B
<^ A is below B
\(eq area equal
< area less than
<\(eq area less or equal
>\(eq area greater or equal
> area greater than
>> A is right of B
~\(eq A same as B (equality)
@ A is contained in B
~\(eq box equality
~= A same as B
~ A contains B
@@ center of box
@ -468,9 +497,8 @@ polygon
&> A overlaps B but does not extend to left of B
<< A is left of B
>> A is right of B
~\(eq A same as B (equality)
@ A is contained by B
~\(eq equality
~= A same as B
~ A contains B
circle
@ -479,9 +507,10 @@ circle
&> A overlaps B but does not extend to left of B
<< A is left of B
>> A is right of B
>^ A is above B
<^ A is below B
~\(eq A same as B (equality)
@ A is contained by B
~\(eq equality
~= A same as B
~ A contains B
tinterval
@ -518,18 +547,19 @@ to return day of week and `epoch' to return seconds since 1970.
Functions:
abstime
datetime datetime(abstime) convert to datetime
bool isfinite(abstime) TRUE if this is a finite time
datetime datetime(abstime) convert to datetime
date
datetime datetime(date) convert to datetime
datetime datetime(date,time) convert to datetime
datetime
abstime abstime(datetime) convert to abstime
timespan age(datetime,datetime) date difference preserving months and years
float8 date_part(text,datetime) specified portion of date field
datetime date_trunc(text,datetime) truncate date at specified units
bool isfinite(datetime) TRUE if this is a finite time
abstime abstime(datetime) convert to abstime
reltime
timespan timespan(reltime) convert to timespan
@ -586,7 +616,7 @@ directly usable as C function prototypes.
.nf
result |left_type |right_type|operatr|func_name
---------+----------+----------+-------+-----------------
---------+----------+----------+-------+-------------------
_aclitem |_aclitem |aclitem |+ |aclinsert
_aclitem |_aclitem |aclitem |- |aclremove
abstime |abstime |reltime |+ |timepl
@ -638,10 +668,13 @@ bool |box |box |&> |box_overright
bool |box |box |< |box_lt
bool |box |box |<< |box_left
bool |box |box |<= |box_le
bool |box |box |<^ |box_below
bool |box |box |= |box_eq
bool |box |box |> |box_gt
bool |box |box |>= |box_ge
bool |box |box |>> |box_right
bool |box |box |>^ |box_above
bool |box |box |?# |box_overlap
bool |box |box |@ |box_contained
bool |box |box |~ |box_contain
bool |box |box |~= |box_same
@ -672,11 +705,9 @@ bool |char16 |char16 |>= |char16ge
bool |char16 |text |!~ |char16regexne
bool |char16 |text |!~* |char16icregexne
bool |char16 |text |!~~ |char16nlike
bool |char16 |text |!~~ |char16nlike
bool |char16 |text |~ |char16regexeq
bool |char16 |text |~* |char16icregexeq
bool |char16 |text |~~ |char16like
bool |char16 |text |~~ |char16like
bool |char2 |char2 |< |char2lt
bool |char2 |char2 |<= |char2le
bool |char2 |char2 |<> |char2ne
@ -713,22 +744,23 @@ bool |char8 |text |!~~ |char8nlike
bool |char8 |text |~ |char8regexeq
bool |char8 |text |~* |char8icregexeq
bool |char8 |text |~~ |char8like
bool |circle |circle |!^ |circle_above
bool |circle |circle |!\| |circle_below
bool |circle |circle |&& |circle_overlap
bool |circle |circle |&< |circle_overleft
bool |circle |circle |&> |circle_overright
bool |circle |circle |< |circle_eq
bool |circle |circle |< |circle_lt
bool |circle |circle |<< |circle_left
bool |circle |circle |<= |circle_eq
bool |circle |circle |<= |circle_le
bool |circle |circle |<> |circle_ne
bool |circle |circle |<^ |circle_below
bool |circle |circle |= |circle_eq
bool |circle |circle |> |circle_eq
bool |circle |circle |>= |circle_eq
bool |circle |circle |> |circle_gt
bool |circle |circle |>= |circle_ge
bool |circle |circle |>> |circle_right
bool |circle |circle |>^ |circle_above
bool |circle |circle |@ |circle_contained
bool |circle |circle |~ |circle_contain
bool |circle |circle |~= |circle_same
bool |circle |point |~ |circle_contain_pt
bool |date |date |< |date_lt
bool |date |date |<= |date_le
bool |date |date |<> |date_ne
@ -779,6 +811,15 @@ bool |int4 |int4 |> |int4gt
bool |int4 |int4 |>= |int4ge
bool |int4 |name |!!= |int4notin
bool |int4 |oid |= |int4eqoid
bool |line |box |?# |inter_lb
bool |lseg |box |?# |inter_sb
bool |lseg |box |@ |on_sb
bool |lseg |line |?# |inter_sl
bool |lseg |line |@ |on_sl
bool |lseg |lseg |= |lseg_eq
bool |lseg |lseg |?# |lseg_intersect
bool |lseg |lseg |?-\| |lseg_perp
bool |lseg |lseg |?\|\| |lseg_parallel
bool |money |money |< |cash_lt
bool |money |money |<= |cash_le
bool |money |money |<> |cash_ne
@ -823,13 +864,28 @@ bool |oidname |oidname |<> |oidnamene
bool |oidname |oidname |= |oidnameeq
bool |oidname |oidname |> |oidnamegt
bool |oidname |oidname |>= |oidnamege
bool |point |box |===> |on_pb
bool |point |path |===` |on_ppath
bool |point |point |!< |point_left
bool |point |point |!> |point_right
bool |point |point |!^ |point_above
bool |point |point |!\| |point_below
bool |point |point |=\|= |point_eq
bool |path |path |< |path_n_lt
bool |path |path |<= |path_n_le
bool |path |path |= |path_n_eq
bool |path |path |> |path_n_gt
bool |path |path |>= |path_n_ge
bool |path |path |?# |path_inter
bool |path |point |~ |path_contain_pt
bool |point |box |@ |on_pb
bool |point |circle |@ |pt_contained_circle
bool |point |line |@ |on_pl
bool |point |lseg |@ |on_ps
bool |point |path |@ |pt_contained_path
bool |point |path |@ |on_ppath
bool |point |point |<< |point_left
bool |point |point |<^ |point_below
bool |point |point |>> |point_right
bool |point |point |>^ |point_above
bool |point |point |?- |point_horiz
bool |point |point |?\| |point_vert
bool |point |point |~= |point_eq
bool |point |polygon |@ |pt_contained_poly
bool |polygon |point |~ |poly_contain_pt
bool |polygon |polygon |&& |poly_overlap
bool |polygon |polygon |&< |poly_overleft
bool |polygon |polygon |&> |poly_overright
@ -881,6 +937,7 @@ bool |tinterval |reltime |#= |intervalleneq
bool |tinterval |reltime |#> |intervallengt
bool |tinterval |reltime |#>= |intervallenge
bool |tinterval |tinterval |&& |intervalov
bool |tinterval |tinterval |< |intervalct
bool |tinterval |tinterval |<< |intervalct
bool |tinterval |tinterval |= |intervaleq
bool |varchar |text |!~ |textregexne
@ -895,20 +952,30 @@ bool |varchar |varchar |<> |varcharne
bool |varchar |varchar |= |varchareq
bool |varchar |varchar |> |varchargt
bool |varchar |varchar |>= |varcharge
box |box |box |# |box_intersect
box |box |point |* |box_mul
box |box |point |+ |box_add
box |box |point |- |box_sub
box |box |point |/ |box_div
char |char |char |* |charmul
char |char |char |+ |charpl
char |char |char |- |charmi
char |char |char |/ |chardiv
circle |circle |point |* |circle_mul_pt
circle |circle |point |+ |circle_add_pt
circle |circle |point |- |circle_sub_pt
circle |circle |point |/ |circle_div_pt
date |date |int4 |+ |date_pli
date |date |int4 |- |date_mii
datetime |datetime |timespan |+ |datetime_add_span
datetime |datetime |timespan |- |datetime_sub_span
datetime |datetime |timespan |+ |datetime_pl_span
datetime |datetime |timespan |- |datetime_mi_span
float4 |float4 |float4 |* |float4mul
float4 |float4 |float4 |+ |float4pl
float4 |float4 |float4 |- |float4mi
float4 |float4 |float4 |/ |float4div
float8 |box |box |<===> |box_distance
float8 |circle |circle |<===> |circle_distance
float8 |box |box |<-> |box_distance
float8 |circle |circle |<-> |circle_distance
float8 |circle |polygon |<-> |dist_cpoly
float8 |float4 |float8 |* |float48mul
float8 |float4 |float8 |+ |float48pl
float8 |float4 |float8 |- |float48mi
@ -922,15 +989,18 @@ float8 |float8 |float8 |+ |float8pl
float8 |float8 |float8 |- |float8mi
float8 |float8 |float8 |/ |float8div
float8 |float8 |float8 |^ |dpow
float8 |lseg |box |<===> |dist_sb
float8 |lseg |lseg |<===> |lseg_distance
float8 |path |path |<===> |path_distance
float8 |point |box |<===> |dist_pl
float8 |point |box |<===> |dist_ps
float8 |point |box |<===> |dist_pb
float8 |point |lseg |<===> |dist_ps
float8 |point |path |<===> |dist_ppth
float8 |point |point |<===> |point_distance
float8 |line |box |<-> |dist_lb
float8 |line |line |<-> |line_distance
float8 |lseg |box |<-> |dist_sb
float8 |lseg |line |<-> |dist_sl
float8 |lseg |lseg |<-> |lseg_distance
float8 |path |path |<-> |path_distance
float8 |point |box |<-> |dist_pl
float8 |point |box |<-> |dist_pb
float8 |point |lseg |<-> |dist_ps
float8 |point |path |<-> |dist_ppath
float8 |point |point |<-> |point_distance
float8 |polygon |polygon |<-> |poly_distance
int2 |int2 |int2 |% |int2mod
int2 |int2 |int2 |* |int2mul
int2 |int2 |int2 |+ |int2pl
@ -968,11 +1038,32 @@ money |money |float8 |* |cash_mul
money |money |float8 |/ |cash_div
money |money |money |+ |cash_pl
money |money |money |- |cash_mi
timespan |datetime |datetime |- |datetime_sub
timespan |timespan |timespan |+ |timespan_add
timespan |timespan |timespan |- |timespan_sub
path |path |path |+ |path_add
path |path |point |* |path_mul_pt
path |path |point |+ |path_add_pt
path |path |point |- |path_sub_pt
path |path |point |/ |path_div_pt
point |line |box |## |close_lb
point |lseg |box |## |close_sb
point |lseg |line |## |close_sl
point |lseg |lseg |# |lseg_interpt
point |point |box |## |close_pb
point |point |line |## |close_pl
point |point |lseg |## |close_ps
point |point |point |* |point_mul
point |point |point |+ |point_add
point |point |point |- |point_sub
point |point |point |/ |point_div
polygon |point |circle |<-> |dist_pc
text |bpchar |bpchar |\|\| |textcat
text |text |text |\|\| |textcat
text |varchar |varchar |\|\| |textcat
timespan |datetime |datetime |- |datetime_mi
timespan |timespan |timespan |+ |timespan_pl
timespan |timespan |timespan |- |timespan_mi
timespan |timespan |timespan |/ |timespan_div
tinterval|abstime |abstime |<#> |mktinterval
(446 rows)
.fi
.SH "LEFT UNARY OPERATORS"
@ -983,32 +1074,41 @@ This list was generated from the Postgres system catalogs with the query:
.nf
SELECT o.oprname AS left_unary,
right.typname AS operand,
result.typname AS return_type
FROM pg_operator o, pg_type right, pg_type result
t.typname AS operand,
r.typname AS return_type
FROM pg_operator o, pg_type t, pg_type r
WHERE o.oprkind = 'l' AND -- left unary
o.oprright = right.oid AND
o.oprresult = result.oid
o.oprright = t.oid AND
o.oprresult = r.oid
ORDER BY operand;
left_unary|operand |return_type
----------+---------+-----------
@@ |box |point
@@ |circle |point
@ |float4 |float4
- |float4 |float4
|/ |float8 |float8
\|/ |float8 |float8
@ |float8 |float8
; |float8 |float8
: |float8 |float8
% |float8 |float8
||/ |float8 |float8
\|\|/ |float8 |float8
- |float8 |float8
- |int2 |int2
!! |int4 |int4
- |int4 |int4
!! |int4 |int4
?- |lseg |bool
?\| |lseg |bool
@@ |lseg |point
?? |path |float8
# |path |int4
@@ |path |point
@@ |polygon |point
# |polygon |int4
- |timespan |timespan
| |tinterval|abstime
\| |tinterval|abstime
(24 rows)
.fi
.in
@ -1020,18 +1120,19 @@ This list was generated from the Postgres system catalogs with the query:
.nf
SELECT o.oprname AS right_unary,
left.typname AS operand,
result.typname AS return_type
FROM pg_operator o, pg_type left, pg_type result
t.typname AS operand,
r.typname AS return_type
FROM pg_operator o, pg_type t, pg_type r
WHERE o.oprkind = 'r' AND -- right unary
o.oprleft = left.oid AND
o.oprresult = result.oid
o.oprleft = t.oid AND
o.oprresult = r.oid
ORDER BY operand;
right_unary|operand|return_type
-----------+-------+-----------
% |float8 |float8
! |int4 |int4
(2 rows)
.fi
.in
@ -1054,6 +1155,7 @@ avg |float8
avg |int2
avg |int4
avg |money
avg |timespan
max |abstime
max |date
max |datetime
@ -1077,6 +1179,8 @@ sum |float8
sum |int2
sum |int4
sum |money
sum |timespan
(30 rows)
.fi
\fBcount\fR is also available, where \fBcount(*)\fR returns a count of all