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This patch includes a lot of minor cleanups to the SGML documentation,
including: - replacing all the appropriate usages of <citetitle>PostgreSQL ...</citetitle> with &cite-user;, &cite-admin;, and so on - fix an omission in the EXECUTE documentation - add some more text to the EXPLAIN documentation - improve the PL/PgSQL RETURN NEXT documentation (more work to do here) - minor markup fixes Neil Conway
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/arch-dev.sgml,v 2.16 2001/11/21 05:53:40 thomas Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/arch-dev.sgml,v 2.17 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<chapter id="overview">
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<chapter id="overview">
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@ -478,8 +478,8 @@ current context are performed.
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<para>
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<para>
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For information on the syntax and creation of rules in the
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For information on the syntax and creation of rules in the
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> system refer to
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> system refer to the
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<citetitle>The PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle>.
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&cite-user;.
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</para>
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</para>
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<sect2>
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<sect2>
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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Documentation of the system catalogs, directed toward PostgreSQL developers
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Documentation of the system catalogs, directed toward PostgreSQL developers
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml,v 2.64 2002/12/17 17:41:30 momjian Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml,v 2.65 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<chapter id="catalogs">
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<chapter id="catalogs">
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@ -288,9 +288,9 @@
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<para>
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<para>
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New aggregate functions are registered with the <command>CREATE
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New aggregate functions are registered with the <command>CREATE
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AGGREGATE</command> command. See the <citetitle>Programmer's
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AGGREGATE</command> command. See the &cite-programmer; for more
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Guide</citetitle> for more information about writing aggregate
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information about writing aggregate functions and the meaning of
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functions and the meaning of the transition functions, etc.
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the transition functions, etc.
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</para>
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</para>
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</sect1>
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</sect1>
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@ -1446,8 +1446,8 @@
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The <structname>pg_database</structname> catalog stores information
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The <structname>pg_database</structname> catalog stores information
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about the available databases. Databases are created with the
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about the available databases. Databases are created with the
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<command>CREATE DATABASE</command> command. Consult the
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<command>CREATE DATABASE</command> command. Consult the
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<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for details about the
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&cite-admin; for details about the meaning of some of the
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meaning of some of the parameters.
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parameters.
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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@ -1791,8 +1791,8 @@
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<para>
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<para>
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This catalog defines groups and stores what users belong to what
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This catalog defines groups and stores what users belong to what
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groups. Groups are created with the <command>CREATE
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groups. Groups are created with the <command>CREATE
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GROUP</command> command. Consult the <citetitle>Administrator's
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GROUP</command> command. Consult the &cite-admin; for information
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Guide</citetitle> for information about user permission management.
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about user permission management.
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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@ -2022,8 +2022,7 @@
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<structname>pg_language</structname> registers call interfaces or
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<structname>pg_language</structname> registers call interfaces or
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languages in which you can write functions or stored procedures.
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languages in which you can write functions or stored procedures.
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See under <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</command> and in the
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See under <command>CREATE LANGUAGE</command> and in the
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<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more information
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&cite-programmer; for more information about language handlers.
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about language handlers.
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</para>
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</para>
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<table>
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<table>
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@ -2298,8 +2297,7 @@
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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Operator classes are described at length in the
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Operator classes are described at length in the &cite-programmer;.
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<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle>.
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</para>
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</para>
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<table>
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<table>
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@ -2387,9 +2385,8 @@
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<title>pg_operator</title>
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<title>pg_operator</title>
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<para>
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<para>
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See <command>CREATE OPERATOR</command> and the
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See <command>CREATE OPERATOR</command> and the &cite-programmer;
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<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for details on these
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for details on these operator parameters.
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operator parameters.
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</para>
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</para>
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<table>
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<table>
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@ -2559,8 +2556,8 @@
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<para>
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<para>
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This catalog stores information about functions (or procedures).
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This catalog stores information about functions (or procedures).
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The description of <command>CREATE FUNCTION</command> and the
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The description of <command>CREATE FUNCTION</command> and the
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<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> contain more information
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&cite-programmer; contain more information about the meaning of
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about the meaning of some fields.
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some fields.
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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@ -2832,8 +2829,8 @@
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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The <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> contains detailed
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The &cite-admin; contains detailed information about user and
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information about user and permission management.
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permission management.
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/charset.sgml,v 2.30 2002/11/15 03:11:15 momjian Exp $ -->
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<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/charset.sgml,v 2.31 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $ -->
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<chapter id="charset">
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<chapter id="charset">
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<title>Localization</>
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<title>Localization</>
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@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
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<productname>PostgreSQL</> speak their preferred language well.
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<productname>PostgreSQL</> speak their preferred language well.
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If messages in your language is currently not available or fully
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If messages in your language is currently not available or fully
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translated, your assistance would be appreciated. If you want to
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translated, your assistance would be appreciated. If you want to
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help, refer to the <citetitle>Developer's Guide</> or write to the
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help, refer to the &cite-developer; or write to the developers'
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developers' mailing list.
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mailing list.
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</para>
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</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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</sect1>
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.43 2003/01/06 03:18:26 momjian Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.44 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<chapter id="client-authentication">
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<chapter id="client-authentication">
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@ -110,8 +110,7 @@ hostssl <replaceable>database</replaceable> <replaceable>user</replaceable> <
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This record matches connection attempts using TCP/IP networks.
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This record matches connection attempts using TCP/IP networks.
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Note that TCP/IP connections are disabled unless the server is
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Note that TCP/IP connections are disabled unless the server is
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started with the <option>-i</option> option or the
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started with the <option>-i</option> option or the
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<literal>tcpip_socket</> <filename>postgresql.conf</>
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<varname>tcpip_socket</> configuration parameter is enabled.
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configuration parameter is enabled.
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</para>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -129,9 +128,8 @@ hostssl <replaceable>database</replaceable> <replaceable>user</replaceable> <
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<para>
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<para>
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To be able make use of this option the server must be built
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To be able make use of this option the server must be built
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with SSL support enabled. Furthermore, SSL must be enabled by
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with SSL support enabled. Furthermore, SSL must be enabled by
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enabling the option <literal>ssl</literal> in
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enabling the <varname>ssl</varname> configuration parameter
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<filename>postgresql.conf</filename> (see <xref
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(see <xref linkend="runtime-config"> for more information).
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linkend="runtime-config">).
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</para>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -191,8 +189,8 @@ hostssl <replaceable>database</replaceable> <replaceable>user</replaceable> <
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must be zero for the record to match. (Of course IP addresses
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must be zero for the record to match. (Of course IP addresses
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can be spoofed but this consideration is beyond the scope of
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can be spoofed but this consideration is beyond the scope of
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.) If you machine supports
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<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.) If you machine supports
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IPv6, the default <filename>pg_hba.conf</> will have an IPv6
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IPv6, the default <filename>pg_hba.conf</> file will have an
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entry for <literal>localhost</>. You can add your own IPv6
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IPv6 entry for <literal>localhost</>. You can add your own IPv6
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entries to the file. IPv6 entries are used only for IPv6
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entries to the file. IPv6 entries are used only for IPv6
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connections.
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connections.
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</para>
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</para>
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@ -486,17 +484,18 @@ local db1,db2,@demodbs all md5
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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<literal>trust</> authentication is appropriate and very convenient
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<literal>trust</> authentication is appropriate and very
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for local connections on a single-user workstation. It is usually
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convenient for local connections on a single-user workstation. It
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<emphasis>not</> appropriate by itself on a multiuser machine.
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is usually <emphasis>not</> appropriate by itself on a multiuser
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However, you may be able to use <literal>trust</> even on a multiuser
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machine. However, you may be able to use <literal>trust</> even
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machine, if you restrict access to the postmaster's socket file using
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on a multiuser machine, if you restrict access to the postmaster's
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file-system permissions. To do this, set the parameter
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socket file using file-system permissions. To do this, set the
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<varname>unix_socket_permissions</varname> (and possibly
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<varname>unix_socket_permissions</varname> (and possibly
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<varname>unix_socket_group</varname>) in <filename>postgresql.conf</>,
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<varname>unix_socket_group</varname>) configuration parameters as
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as described in <xref linkend="runtime-config-general">. Or you could
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described in <xref linkend="runtime-config-general">. Or you
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set <varname>unix_socket_directory</varname> to place the socket file
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could set the <varname>unix_socket_directory</varname>
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in a suitably restricted directory.
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configuration parameter to place the socket file in a suitably
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restricted directory.
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</para>
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</para>
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<para>
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<para>
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml,v 1.22 2002/09/21 18:32:52 petere Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/dfunc.sgml,v 1.23 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<sect2 id="dfunc">
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<sect2 id="dfunc">
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@ -318,9 +318,8 @@ ld <other flags> -H512 -T512 -o foo.so -e _nostart \e
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-bI:.../lib/postgres.exp -bE:foo.exp foo.o \e
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-bI:.../lib/postgres.exp -bE:foo.exp foo.o \e
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-lm -lc 2>/dev/null
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-lm -lc 2>/dev/null
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.fi
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.fi
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You should look at the <citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Manual</>
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You should look at the &cite-user; for an explanation of
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for an explanation of this
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this procedure.
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procedure.
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-->
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-->
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ecpg.sgml,v 1.40 2002/11/15 03:11:16 momjian Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ecpg.sgml,v 1.41 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<chapter id="ecpg">
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<chapter id="ecpg">
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@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ ECPG = ecpg
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FETCH <optional><replaceable>direction</></> <optional><replaceable>amount</></> IN|FROM <replaceable>cursor</replaceable>
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FETCH <optional><replaceable>direction</></> <optional><replaceable>amount</></> IN|FROM <replaceable>cursor</replaceable>
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</synopsis>
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</synopsis>
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<indexterm><primary>Oracle</></>
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<indexterm><primary>Oracle</></>
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<application>Oracle</application>, however, does not use the
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<productname>Oracle</productname>, however, does not use the
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keywords <literal>IN</literal> or <literal>FROM</literal>. This
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keywords <literal>IN</literal> or <literal>FROM</literal>. This
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feature cannot be added since it would create parsing conflicts.
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feature cannot be added since it would create parsing conflicts.
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</para>
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</para>
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/extend.sgml,v 1.18 2002/11/03 01:31:32 momjian Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/extend.sgml,v 1.19 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
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-->
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<chapter id="extend">
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<chapter id="extend">
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@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/extend.sgml,v 1.18 2002/11/03 01:31:32 momj
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</mediaobject>
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</mediaobject>
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</figure>
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</figure>
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The <citetitle>Developer's Guide</citetitle> gives a more detailed explanation
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The &cite-developer; gives a more detailed explanation of these
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of these catalogs and their columns. However,
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catalogs and their columns. However,
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<xref linkend="EXTEND-CATALOGS">
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<xref linkend="EXTEND-CATALOGS">
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shows the major entities and their relationships
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shows the major entities and their relationships
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in the system catalogs. (Columns that do not refer
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in the system catalogs. (Columns that do not refer
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@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
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<!--
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<!--
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml,v 1.19 2002/01/07 02:29:12 petere Exp $
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml,v 1.20 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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-->
|
-->
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|
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<sect1 id="history">
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<sect1 id="history">
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<title>A Short History of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname></title>
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<title>A Brief History of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname></title>
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|
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<para>
|
<para>
|
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The object-relational database management system now known as
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The object-relational database management system now known as
|
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@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/history.sgml,v 1.19 2002/01/07 02:29:12 pet
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released in June 1990 with the new rule system.
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released in June 1990 with the new rule system.
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Version 3 appeared in 1991 and added support for multiple
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Version 3 appeared in 1991 and added support for multiple
|
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storage managers, an improved query executor, and a
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storage managers, an improved query executor, and a
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rewritten rewrite rule system. For the most part, subsequent
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rewritten rule system. For the most part, subsequent
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releases until <productname>Postgres95</productname> (see below)
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releases until <productname>Postgres95</productname> (see below)
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focused on portability and reliability.
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focused on portability and reliability.
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</para>
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</para>
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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<!--
|
<!--
|
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$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/info.sgml,v 1.17 2002/11/15 03:11:16 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/info.sgml,v 1.18 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
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||||||
-->
|
-->
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|
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<sect1 id="resources">
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<sect1 id="resources">
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@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/info.sgml,v 1.17 2002/11/15 03:11:16 momjia
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|||||||
Information for <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
|
Information for <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
|
||||||
developers. This is intended for those who are contributing to
|
developers. This is intended for those who are contributing to
|
||||||
the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> project; application
|
the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> project; application
|
||||||
development information appears in the <citetitle>Programmer's
|
development information appears in the &cite-programmer;.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle>.
|
|
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</para>
|
</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -88,8 +87,8 @@ $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/info.sgml,v 1.17 2002/11/15 03:11:16 momjia
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<term>man pages</term>
|
<term>man pages</term>
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<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The <citetitle>Reference Manual</citetitle>'s pages in the
|
The &cite-reference;'s pages in the traditional Unix man
|
||||||
traditional Unix man format. There is no difference in content.
|
format. There is no difference in content.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/installation.sgml,v 1.127 2002/12/11 22:27:26 momjian Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/installation.sgml,v 1.128 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="installation">
|
<chapter id="installation">
|
||||||
<title><![%standalone-include[<productname>PostgreSQL</>]]>
|
<title><![%standalone-include[<productname>PostgreSQL</>]]>
|
||||||
@ -656,8 +656,8 @@ JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
|
|||||||
internal header files and the server header files are installed
|
internal header files and the server header files are installed
|
||||||
into private directories under
|
into private directories under
|
||||||
<varname>includedir</varname>.
|
<varname>includedir</varname>.
|
||||||
See the <citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for
|
See the &cite-programmer; for information about how to get at
|
||||||
information about how to get at the header files for each interface.
|
the header files for each interface.
|
||||||
Finally, a private subdirectory will also be created, if appropriate,
|
Finally, a private subdirectory will also be created, if appropriate,
|
||||||
under <varname>libdir</varname> for dynamically loadable modules.
|
under <varname>libdir</varname> for dynamically loadable modules.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
@ -1311,8 +1311,7 @@ export MANPATH
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The following is a quick summary of how to get <productname>PostgreSQL</> up and
|
The following is a quick summary of how to get <productname>PostgreSQL</> up and
|
||||||
running once installed. The <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</>
|
running once installed. The &cite-admin; contains more information.
|
||||||
contains more information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<procedure>
|
<procedure>
|
||||||
@ -1418,12 +1417,11 @@ kill `cat /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The <citetitle>Tutorial</> should be your first reading if you
|
The &cite-tutorial; should be your first reading if you are
|
||||||
are completely new to <acronym>SQL</> databases.
|
completely new to <acronym>SQL</> databases. If you are
|
||||||
If you are familiar with database concepts then you want to
|
familiar with database concepts then you want to proceed with
|
||||||
proceed with the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle>,
|
the &cite-admin;, which contains information about how to set up
|
||||||
which contains information about how to set up the database
|
the database server, database users, and authentication.
|
||||||
server, database users, and authentication.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1431,8 +1429,7 @@ kill `cat /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Usually, you will want to modify your computer so that it will
|
Usually, you will want to modify your computer so that it will
|
||||||
automatically start the database server whenever it boots. Some
|
automatically start the database server whenever it boots. Some
|
||||||
suggestions for this are in the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
suggestions for this are in the &cite-admin;.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle>.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1441,7 +1438,7 @@ kill `cat /usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid`
|
|||||||
Run the regression tests against the installed server (using the
|
Run the regression tests against the installed server (using the
|
||||||
sequential test method). If you didn't run the tests before
|
sequential test method). If you didn't run the tests before
|
||||||
installation, you should definitely do it now. This is also
|
installation, you should definitely do it now. This is also
|
||||||
explained in the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle>.
|
explained in the &cite-admin;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/Attic/jdbc.sgml,v 1.41 2002/11/15 03:11:16 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/Attic/jdbc.sgml,v 1.42 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="jdbc">
|
<chapter id="jdbc">
|
||||||
@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ java Finder
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Also, the client authentication setup in the
|
Also, the client authentication setup in the
|
||||||
<filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> file may need to be configured.
|
<filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> file may need to be configured.
|
||||||
Refer to the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for
|
Refer to the &cite-admin; for details. The
|
||||||
details. The <acronym>JDBC</acronym> Driver supports the trust,
|
<acronym>JDBC</acronym> Driver supports the trust, ident,
|
||||||
ident, password, md5, and crypt authentication methods.
|
password, md5, and crypt authentication methods.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</sect2>
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
</sect1>
|
</sect1>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml,v 1.105 2003/01/07 04:25:29 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/libpq.sgml,v 1.106 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="libpq">
|
<chapter id="libpq">
|
||||||
@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ strings overlap.
|
|||||||
escape a character, it is converted into the three digit octal number
|
escape a character, it is converted into the three digit octal number
|
||||||
equal to the decimal <acronym>ASCII</acronym> value, and preceded by
|
equal to the decimal <acronym>ASCII</acronym> value, and preceded by
|
||||||
two backslashes. The single quote (') and backslash (\) characters have
|
two backslashes. The single quote (') and backslash (\) characters have
|
||||||
special alternate escape sequences. See the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>
|
special alternate escape sequences. See the &cite-user;
|
||||||
for more information. <function>PQescapeBytea
|
for more information. <function>PQescapeBytea
|
||||||
</function> performs this operation, escaping only the minimally
|
</function> performs this operation, escaping only the minimally
|
||||||
required characters.
|
required characters.
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/notation.sgml,v 1.20 2002/10/24 17:48:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/notation.sgml,v 1.21 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect1 id="notation">
|
<sect1 id="notation">
|
||||||
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/notation.sgml,v 1.20 2002/10/24 17:48:54 pe
|
|||||||
We use <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/</filename> as the root
|
We use <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/</filename> as the root
|
||||||
directory of the installation and <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/data</filename>
|
directory of the installation and <filename>/usr/local/pgsql/data</filename>
|
||||||
as the directory with the database files. These directories may vary
|
as the directory with the database files. These directories may vary
|
||||||
on your site, details can be derived in the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle>.
|
on your site, details can be derived in the &cite-admin;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml,v 1.13 2003/01/15 16:40:24 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml,v 1.14 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="plpgsql">
|
<chapter id="plpgsql">
|
||||||
@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ END;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Developing in <application>PL/pgSQL</application> is pretty
|
Developing in <application>PL/pgSQL</application> is pretty
|
||||||
straight forward, especially if you have developed in other
|
straight forward, especially if you have developed in other
|
||||||
database procedural languages, such as Oracle's
|
database procedural languages, such as <productname>Oracle</>'s
|
||||||
<application>PL/SQL</application>. One good way to develop in
|
<application>PL/SQL</application>. One good way to develop in
|
||||||
<application>PL/pgSQL</> is to simply use the text editor of your
|
<application>PL/pgSQL</> is to simply use the text editor of your
|
||||||
choice to create your functions, and in another window, use
|
choice to create your functions, and in another window, use
|
||||||
@ -1155,84 +1155,109 @@ GET DIAGNOSTICS <replaceable>variable</replaceable> = <replaceable>item</replace
|
|||||||
<title>Returning from a function</title>
|
<title>Returning from a function</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
There are two commands available that allow you to return data
|
||||||
|
from a function: <command>RETURN</command> and <command>RETURN
|
||||||
|
NEXT</command>.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<sect3>
|
||||||
|
<title><command>RETURN</></title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
RETURN <replaceable>expression</replaceable>;
|
RETURN <replaceable>expression</replaceable>;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<command>RETURN</command> with an expression is used to return
|
<command>RETURN</command> with an expression is used to return
|
||||||
from a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function that does not return a
|
from a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function that does not return a
|
||||||
set. The function terminates and the value of
|
set. The function terminates and the value of
|
||||||
<replaceable>expression</replaceable> is returned to the caller.
|
<replaceable>expression</replaceable> is returned to the caller.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
To return a composite (row) value, you must write a record or row
|
To return a composite (row) value, you must write a record or row
|
||||||
variable as the <replaceable>expression</replaceable>. When
|
variable as the <replaceable>expression</replaceable>. When
|
||||||
returning a scalar type, any expression can be used.
|
returning a scalar type, any expression can be used.
|
||||||
The expression's result will be automatically cast into the
|
The expression's result will be automatically cast into the
|
||||||
function's return type as described for assignments.
|
function's return type as described for assignments.
|
||||||
(If you have declared the function to return <type>void</>,
|
</para>
|
||||||
then the expression can be omitted, and will be ignored in any case.)
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The return value of a function cannot be left undefined. If
|
The return value of a function cannot be left undefined. If
|
||||||
control reaches the end of the top-level block of the function
|
control reaches the end of the top-level block of the function
|
||||||
without hitting a <command>RETURN</command> statement, a run-time
|
without hitting a <command>RETURN</command> statement, a run-time
|
||||||
error will occur.
|
error will occur. Note that if you have declared the function to
|
||||||
</para>
|
return <type>void</type>, a <command>RETURN</command> statement
|
||||||
|
must still be specified; however, the expression following
|
||||||
|
<command>RETURN</command> is optional, and will be ignored in
|
||||||
|
any case.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<sect3>
|
||||||
When a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function is declared to return
|
<title><command>RETURN NEXT</></title>
|
||||||
<literal>SETOF</literal> <replaceable>sometype</>, the procedure
|
|
||||||
to follow is slightly different. In that case, the individual
|
|
||||||
items to return are specified in <command>RETURN NEXT</command>
|
|
||||||
commands, and then a final <command>RETURN</command> command with
|
|
||||||
no arguments is used to indicate that the function has finished
|
|
||||||
executing. <command>RETURN NEXT</command> can be used with both
|
|
||||||
scalar and composite data types; in the later case, an entire
|
|
||||||
"table" of results will be returned. Functions that use
|
|
||||||
<command>RETURN NEXT</command> should be called in the following
|
|
||||||
fashion:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
|
||||||
SELECT * FROM some_func();
|
|
||||||
</programlisting>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
That is, the function is used as a table source in a FROM clause.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
RETURN NEXT <replaceable>expression</replaceable>;
|
RETURN NEXT <replaceable>expression</replaceable>;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<command>RETURN NEXT</command> does not actually return from the
|
<para>
|
||||||
function; it simply saves away the value of the expression (or
|
When a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function is declared to return
|
||||||
record or row variable, as appropriate for the data type being
|
<literal>SETOF</literal> <replaceable>sometype</>, the procedure
|
||||||
returned). Execution then continues with the next statement in
|
to follow is slightly different. In that case, the individual
|
||||||
the <application>PL/pgSQL</> function. As successive
|
items to return are specified in <command>RETURN NEXT</command>
|
||||||
<command>RETURN NEXT</command> commands are executed, the result
|
commands, and then a final <command>RETURN</command> command
|
||||||
set is built up. A final <command>RETURN</command>, which need
|
with no arguments is used to indicate that the function has
|
||||||
have no argument, causes control to exit the function.
|
finished executing. <command>RETURN NEXT</command> can be used
|
||||||
</para>
|
with both scalar and composite data types; in the later case, an
|
||||||
|
entire <quote>table</quote> of results will be returned.
|
||||||
|
Functions that use <command>RETURN NEXT</command> should be
|
||||||
|
called in the following fashion:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<note>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
<para>
|
SELECT * FROM some_func();
|
||||||
The current implementation of <command>RETURN NEXT</command> for
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
<application>PL/pgSQL</> stores the entire result set before
|
|
||||||
returning from the function, as discussed above. That means that
|
That is, the function is used as a table source in a FROM
|
||||||
if a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function produces a very large result set,
|
clause.
|
||||||
performance may be poor: data will be written to disk to avoid
|
</para>
|
||||||
memory exhaustion, but the function itself will not return until
|
|
||||||
the entire result set has been generated. A future version of
|
<para>
|
||||||
<application>PL/pgSQL</> may allow users to allow users to define set-returning
|
<command>RETURN NEXT</command> does not actually return from the
|
||||||
functions that do not have this limitation. Currently, the point
|
function; it simply saves away the value of the expression (or
|
||||||
at which data begins being written to disk is controlled by the
|
record or row variable, as appropriate for the data type being
|
||||||
<varname>SORT_MEM</> configuration variable. Administrators who
|
returned). Execution then continues with the next statement in
|
||||||
have sufficient memory to store larger result sets in memory
|
the <application>PL/pgSQL</> function. As successive
|
||||||
should consider increasing this parameter.
|
<command>RETURN NEXT</command> commands are executed, the result
|
||||||
</para>
|
set is built up. A final <command>RETURN</command>, which should
|
||||||
</note>
|
have no argument, causes control to exit the function.
|
||||||
</sect2>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
For more information on using set-returning functions in
|
||||||
|
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, refer to XXX.
|
||||||
|
</para
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<note>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
The current implementation of <command>RETURN NEXT</command>
|
||||||
|
for <application>PL/pgSQL</> stores the entire result set
|
||||||
|
before returning from the function, as discussed above. That
|
||||||
|
means that if a <application>PL/pgSQL</> function produces a
|
||||||
|
very large result set, performance may be poor: data will be
|
||||||
|
written to disk to avoid memory exhaustion, but the function
|
||||||
|
itself will not return until the entire result set has been
|
||||||
|
generated. A future version of <application>PL/pgSQL</> may
|
||||||
|
allow users to allow users to define set-returning functions
|
||||||
|
that do not have this limitation. Currently, the point at
|
||||||
|
which data begins being written to disk is controlled by the
|
||||||
|
<varname>SORT_MEM</> configuration variable. Administrators
|
||||||
|
who have sufficient memory to store larger result sets in
|
||||||
|
memory should consider increasing this parameter.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
</note>
|
||||||
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect2 id="plpgsql-conditionals">
|
<sect2 id="plpgsql-conditionals">
|
||||||
<title>Conditionals</title>
|
<title>Conditionals</title>
|
||||||
@ -1267,9 +1292,11 @@ IF <replaceable>boolean-expression</replaceable> THEN
|
|||||||
END IF;
|
END IF;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
IF-THEN statements are the simplest form of IF. The
|
<literal>IF-THEN</literal> statements are the simplest form of
|
||||||
statements between THEN and END IF will be executed if
|
<literal>IF</literal>. The statements between
|
||||||
the condition is true. Otherwise, they are skipped.
|
<literal>THEN</literal> and <literal>END IF</literal> will be
|
||||||
|
executed if the condition is true. Otherwise, they are
|
||||||
|
skipped.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
IF v_user_id <> 0 THEN
|
IF v_user_id <> 0 THEN
|
||||||
@ -1291,9 +1318,10 @@ ELSE
|
|||||||
END IF;
|
END IF;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
IF-THEN-ELSE statements add to IF-THEN by letting you
|
<literal>IF-THEN-ELSE</literal> statements add to
|
||||||
specify an alternative set of statements that should be executed if
|
<literal>IF-THEN</literal> by letting you specify an
|
||||||
the condition evaluates to FALSE.
|
alternative set of statements that should be executed if the
|
||||||
|
condition evaluates to FALSE.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
IF parentid IS NULL or parentid = ''''
|
IF parentid IS NULL or parentid = ''''
|
||||||
@ -1311,14 +1339,16 @@ ELSE
|
|||||||
return ''f'';
|
return ''f'';
|
||||||
END IF;
|
END IF;
|
||||||
</programlisting>
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</sect3>
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect3>
|
<sect3>
|
||||||
<title><literal>IF-THEN-ELSE IF</></title>
|
<title><literal>IF-THEN-ELSE IF</></title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
IF statements can be nested, as in the following example:
|
<literal>IF</literal> statements can be nested, as in the
|
||||||
|
following example:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
IF demo_row.sex = ''m'' THEN
|
IF demo_row.sex = ''m'' THEN
|
||||||
pretty_sex := ''man'';
|
pretty_sex := ''man'';
|
||||||
@ -1331,12 +1361,13 @@ END IF;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
When you use this form, you are actually
|
When you use this form, you are actually nesting an
|
||||||
nesting an IF statement inside the ELSE part of an outer IF
|
<literal>IF</literal> statement inside the
|
||||||
statement. Thus you need one END IF statement for each
|
<literal>ELSE</literal> part of an outer <literal>IF</literal>
|
||||||
nested IF and one for the parent IF-ELSE.
|
statement. Thus you need one <literal>END IF</literal>
|
||||||
This is workable but grows tedious when there are many
|
statement for each nested IF and one for the parent
|
||||||
alternatives to be checked.
|
<literal>IF-ELSE</literal>. This is workable but grows
|
||||||
|
tedious when there are many alternatives to be checked.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</sect3>
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1384,7 +1415,7 @@ END IF;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The final ELSE section is optional.
|
The final <literal>ELSE</literal> statement is optional.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</sect3>
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
@ -1399,10 +1430,10 @@ END IF;
|
|||||||
a series of commands.
|
a series of commands.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect3>
|
<sect3>
|
||||||
<title>LOOP</title>
|
<title>LOOP</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
<optional><<label>></optional>
|
<optional><<label>></optional>
|
||||||
LOOP
|
LOOP
|
||||||
@ -1410,13 +1441,13 @@ LOOP
|
|||||||
END LOOP;
|
END LOOP;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
LOOP defines an unconditional loop that is repeated indefinitely
|
LOOP defines an unconditional loop that is repeated indefinitely
|
||||||
until terminated by an EXIT or RETURN statement.
|
until terminated by an EXIT or <command>RETURN</command>
|
||||||
The optional label can be used by
|
statement. The optional label can be used by EXIT statements in
|
||||||
EXIT statements in nested loops to specify which level of
|
nested loops to specify which level of nesting should be
|
||||||
nesting should be terminated.
|
terminated.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</sect3>
|
</sect3>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect3>
|
<sect3>
|
||||||
<title>EXIT</title>
|
<title>EXIT</title>
|
||||||
@ -1547,9 +1578,9 @@ FOR <replaceable>record | row</replaceable> IN <replaceable>select_query</replac
|
|||||||
<replaceable>statements</replaceable>
|
<replaceable>statements</replaceable>
|
||||||
END LOOP;
|
END LOOP;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
The record or row variable is successively assigned all the rows
|
The record or row variable is successively assigned all the rows
|
||||||
resulting from the SELECT query and the loop body is executed
|
resulting from the <command>SELECT</command> query and the loop
|
||||||
for each row. Here is an example:
|
body is executed for each row. Here is an example:
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -1639,11 +1670,12 @@ END LOOP;
|
|||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
<replaceable>name</replaceable> CURSOR <optional> ( <replaceable>arguments</replaceable> ) </optional> FOR <replaceable>select_query</replaceable> ;
|
<replaceable>name</replaceable> CURSOR <optional> ( <replaceable>arguments</replaceable> ) </optional> FOR <replaceable>select_query</replaceable> ;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
(<literal>FOR</> may be replaced by <literal>IS</> for Oracle
|
(<literal>FOR</> may be replaced by <literal>IS</> for
|
||||||
compatibility.) <replaceable>arguments</replaceable>, if any,
|
<productname>Oracle</productname> compatibility.)
|
||||||
are a comma-separated list of <replaceable>name</replaceable>
|
<replaceable>arguments</replaceable>, if any, are a
|
||||||
<replaceable>datatype</replaceable> pairs that define names to
|
comma-separated list of <replaceable>name</replaceable>
|
||||||
be replaced by parameter values in the given query. The actual
|
<replaceable>datatype</replaceable> pairs that define names to be
|
||||||
|
replaced by parameter values in the given query. The actual
|
||||||
values to substitute for these names will be specified later,
|
values to substitute for these names will be specified later,
|
||||||
when the cursor is opened.
|
when the cursor is opened.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
@ -1685,13 +1717,14 @@ DECLARE
|
|||||||
OPEN <replaceable>unbound-cursor</replaceable> FOR SELECT ...;
|
OPEN <replaceable>unbound-cursor</replaceable> FOR SELECT ...;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The cursor variable is opened and given the specified query
|
The cursor variable is opened and given the specified query to
|
||||||
to execute. The cursor cannot be open already, and it must
|
execute. The cursor cannot be open already, and it must have been
|
||||||
have been declared as an unbound cursor (that is, as a simple
|
declared as an unbound cursor (that is, as a simple
|
||||||
<type>refcursor</> variable). The SELECT query is treated
|
<type>refcursor</> variable). The <command>SELECT</command> query
|
||||||
in the same way as other SELECT statements in <application>PL/pgSQL</>:
|
is treated in the same way as other <command>SELECT</command>
|
||||||
<application>PL/pgSQL</> variable names are substituted,
|
statements in <application>PL/pgSQL</>: <application>PL/pgSQL</>
|
||||||
and the query plan is cached for possible re-use.
|
variable names are substituted, and the query plan is cached for
|
||||||
|
possible re-use.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
OPEN curs1 FOR SELECT * FROM foo WHERE key = mykey;
|
OPEN curs1 FOR SELECT * FROM foo WHERE key = mykey;
|
||||||
@ -1799,8 +1832,8 @@ FETCH curs2 INTO foo,bar,baz;
|
|||||||
CLOSE <replaceable>cursor</replaceable>;
|
CLOSE <replaceable>cursor</replaceable>;
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
CLOSE closes the Portal underlying an open cursor.
|
<command>CLOSE</command> closes the Portal underlying an open
|
||||||
This can be used to release resources earlier than end of
|
cursor. This can be used to release resources earlier than end of
|
||||||
transaction, or to free up the cursor variable to be opened again.
|
transaction, or to free up the cursor variable to be opened again.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
@ -1815,11 +1848,12 @@ CLOSE curs1;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<application>PL/pgSQL</> functions can return cursors to the
|
<application>PL/pgSQL</> functions can return cursors to the
|
||||||
caller. This is used to return multiple rows or columns from the
|
caller. This is used to return multiple rows or columns from
|
||||||
function. The function opens the cursor and returns the cursor
|
the function. The function opens the cursor and returns the
|
||||||
name to the caller. The caller can then FETCH rows from the
|
cursor name to the caller. The caller can then
|
||||||
cursor. The cursor can be closed by the caller, or it will be
|
<command>FETCH</command> rows from the cursor. The cursor can
|
||||||
closed automatically when the transaction closes.
|
be closed by the caller, or it will be closed automatically
|
||||||
|
when the transaction closes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -1879,7 +1913,8 @@ COMMIT;
|
|||||||
<title>Errors and Messages</title>
|
<title>Errors and Messages</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Use the RAISE statement to report messages and raise errors.
|
Use the <command>RAISE</command> statement to report messages and
|
||||||
|
raise errors.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
RAISE <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable> '<replaceable class="parameter">format</replaceable>' <optional>, <replaceable class="parameter">variable</replaceable> <optional>...</optional></optional>;
|
RAISE <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable> '<replaceable class="parameter">format</replaceable>' <optional>, <replaceable class="parameter">variable</replaceable> <optional>...</optional></optional>;
|
||||||
@ -1896,8 +1931,7 @@ RAISE <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable> '<replaceable class="pa
|
|||||||
written to the server log, or both is controlled by the
|
written to the server log, or both is controlled by the
|
||||||
<option>LOG_MIN_MESSAGES</option> and
|
<option>LOG_MIN_MESSAGES</option> and
|
||||||
<option>CLIENT_MIN_MESSAGES</option> configuration variables. See
|
<option>CLIENT_MIN_MESSAGES</option> configuration variables. See
|
||||||
the <citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
|
the &cite-admin; for more information.
|
||||||
information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -2029,9 +2063,9 @@ RAISE EXCEPTION ''Inexistent ID --> %'',user_id;
|
|||||||
<term><varname>TG_LEVEL</varname></term>
|
<term><varname>TG_LEVEL</varname></term>
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Data type <type>text</type>; a string of either
|
Data type <type>text</type>; a string of either
|
||||||
<literal>ROW</literal> or <literal>STATEMENT</literal> depending on the
|
<literal>ROW</literal> or <literal>STATEMENT</literal>
|
||||||
trigger's definition.
|
depending on the trigger's definition.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -2040,10 +2074,10 @@ RAISE EXCEPTION ''Inexistent ID --> %'',user_id;
|
|||||||
<term><varname>TG_OP</varname></term>
|
<term><varname>TG_OP</varname></term>
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Data type <type>text</type>; a string of
|
Data type <type>text</type>; a string of
|
||||||
<literal>INSERT</literal>, <literal>UPDATE</literal>
|
<literal>INSERT</literal>, <literal>UPDATE</literal> or
|
||||||
or <literal>DELETE</literal> telling
|
<literal>DELETE</literal> telling for which operation the
|
||||||
for which operation the trigger is fired.
|
trigger is fired.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -2282,7 +2316,7 @@ CREATE FUNCTION c_overpaid (EMP, INTEGER) RETURNS BOOLEAN AS '
|
|||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
</sect1info>
|
</sect1info>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<title>Porting from Oracle PL/SQL</title>
|
<title>Porting from <productname>Oracle</productname> PL/SQL</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<indexterm zone="plpgsql-porting">
|
<indexterm zone="plpgsql-porting">
|
||||||
<primary>Oracle</primary>
|
<primary>Oracle</primary>
|
||||||
@ -2300,7 +2334,7 @@ CREATE FUNCTION c_overpaid (EMP, INTEGER) RETURNS BOOLEAN AS '
|
|||||||
</note>
|
</note>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
This section explains differences between Oracle's PL/SQL and
|
This section explains differences between <productname>Oracle</>'s PL/SQL and
|
||||||
<productname>PostgreSQL</>'s <application>PL/pgSQL</application> languages in the hopes of helping developers
|
<productname>PostgreSQL</>'s <application>PL/pgSQL</application> languages in the hopes of helping developers
|
||||||
port applications from Oracle to <productname>PostgreSQL</>. Most of the code here
|
port applications from Oracle to <productname>PostgreSQL</>. Most of the code here
|
||||||
is from the <ulink url="http://www.arsdigita.com">ArsDigita</ulink>
|
is from the <ulink url="http://www.arsdigita.com">ArsDigita</ulink>
|
||||||
@ -2322,7 +2356,8 @@ CREATE FUNCTION c_overpaid (EMP, INTEGER) RETURNS BOOLEAN AS '
|
|||||||
<title>Main Differences</title>
|
<title>Main Differences</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Some things you should keep in mind when porting from Oracle to <productname>PostgreSQL</>:
|
Some things you should keep in mind when porting from
|
||||||
|
<productname>Oracle</productname> to <productname>PostgreSQL</>:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<itemizedlist>
|
<itemizedlist>
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
@ -2479,7 +2514,7 @@ a_output := a_output || '' if v_'' ||
|
|||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Here is an Oracle function:
|
Here is an <productname>Oracle</productname> function:
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION cs_fmt_browser_version(v_name IN varchar, v_version IN varchar)
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION cs_fmt_browser_version(v_name IN varchar, v_version IN varchar)
|
||||||
RETURN varchar IS
|
RETURN varchar IS
|
||||||
@ -2508,12 +2543,13 @@ SHOW ERRORS;
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Oracle can have <literal>IN</literal>, <literal>OUT</literal>,
|
<productname>Oracle</productname> can have
|
||||||
and <literal>INOUT</literal> parameters passed to functions.
|
<literal>IN</literal>, <literal>OUT</literal>, and
|
||||||
The <literal>INOUT</literal>, for example, means that the
|
<literal>INOUT</literal> parameters passed to functions. The
|
||||||
parameter will receive a value and return another. <productname>PostgreSQL</>
|
<literal>INOUT</literal>, for example, means that the
|
||||||
only has <quote>IN</quote> parameters and functions can return
|
parameter will receive a value and return
|
||||||
only a single value.
|
another. <productname>PostgreSQL</> only has <quote>IN</quote>
|
||||||
|
parameters and functions can return only a single value.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -2644,11 +2680,11 @@ END;
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<example>
|
<example>
|
||||||
<title>
|
<title>
|
||||||
A Procedure with a lot of String Manipulation and OUT Parameters
|
A Procedure with a lot of String Manipulation and <literal>OUT</> Parameters
|
||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The following Oracle PL/SQL procedure is used to parse a URL and
|
The following <productname>Oracle</productname> PL/SQL procedure is used to parse a URL and
|
||||||
return several elements (host, path and query). It is an
|
return several elements (host, path and query). It is an
|
||||||
procedure because in <application>PL/pgSQL</application> functions only one value can be returned
|
procedure because in <application>PL/pgSQL</application> functions only one value can be returned
|
||||||
(see <xref linkend="plpgsql-porting-procedures">). In
|
(see <xref linkend="plpgsql-porting-procedures">). In
|
||||||
@ -2738,7 +2774,7 @@ END;
|
|||||||
so you can work around it using a combination of other functions.
|
so you can work around it using a combination of other functions.
|
||||||
I got tired of doing this and created my own
|
I got tired of doing this and created my own
|
||||||
<function>instr</function> functions that behave exactly like
|
<function>instr</function> functions that behave exactly like
|
||||||
Oracle's (it makes life easier). See the <xref
|
<productname>Oracle</productname>'s (it makes life easier). See the <xref
|
||||||
linkend="plpgsql-porting-appendix"> for the code.
|
linkend="plpgsql-porting-appendix"> for the code.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</note>
|
</note>
|
||||||
@ -2750,9 +2786,10 @@ END;
|
|||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Oracle procedures give a little more flexibility to the developer
|
<productname>Oracle</productname> procedures give a little more
|
||||||
because nothing needs to be explicitly returned, but it can be
|
flexibility to the developer because nothing needs to be
|
||||||
through the use of <literal>INOUT</> or <literal>OUT</> parameters.
|
explicitly returned, but it can be through the use of
|
||||||
|
<literal>INOUT</> or <literal>OUT</> parameters.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -2890,12 +2927,13 @@ END;
|
|||||||
</note>
|
</note>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Packages are a way Oracle gives you to encapsulate PL/SQL
|
Packages are a way <productname>Oracle</productname> gives you to
|
||||||
statements and functions into one entity, like Java classes, where
|
encapsulate PL/SQL statements and functions into one entity, like
|
||||||
you define methods and objects. You can access these
|
Java classes, where you define methods and objects. You can access
|
||||||
objects/methods with a <quote><literal>.</literal></quote>
|
these objects/methods with a <quote><literal>.</literal></quote>
|
||||||
(dot). Here is an example of an Oracle package from ACS 4 (the
|
(dot). Here is an example of an <productname>Oracle</productname>
|
||||||
<ulink url="http://www.arsdigita.com/doc/">ArsDigita Community
|
package from ACS 4 (the <ulink
|
||||||
|
url="http://www.arsdigita.com/doc/">ArsDigita Community
|
||||||
System</ulink>):
|
System</ulink>):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
@ -2924,10 +2962,11 @@ show errors
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
We port this to <productname>PostgreSQL</> by creating the different objects of
|
We port this to <productname>PostgreSQL</> by creating the
|
||||||
the Oracle package as functions with a standard naming
|
different objects of the <productname>Oracle</productname> package
|
||||||
convention. We have to pay attention to some other details, like
|
as functions with a standard naming convention. We have to pay
|
||||||
the lack of default parameters in <productname>PostgreSQL</> functions. The above
|
attention to some other details, like the lack of default
|
||||||
|
parameters in <productname>PostgreSQL</> functions. The above
|
||||||
package would become something like this:
|
package would become something like this:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml,v 1.3 2002/05/17 01:19:16 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_database.sgml,v 1.4 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ ALTER DATABASE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">name</replaceable> RESET <replacea
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
See <xref linkend="sql-set" endterm="sql-set-title"> and the
|
See <xref linkend="sql-set" endterm="sql-set-title"> and the
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
|
&cite-admin; for more information about allowed variable names
|
||||||
information about allowed variable names and values.
|
and values.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml,v 1.53 2002/12/16 19:08:25 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_table.sgml,v 1.54 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -399,9 +399,8 @@ VACUUM FULL table;
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to <command>CREATE TABLE</command> for a further description
|
Refer to <command>CREATE TABLE</command> for a further description
|
||||||
of valid arguments.
|
of valid arguments. The &cite-user; has further information on
|
||||||
The <citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle> has further
|
inheritance.
|
||||||
information on inheritance.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_user.sgml,v 1.23 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_user.sgml,v 1.24 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ ALTER USER <replaceable class="PARAMETER">username</replaceable> RESET <replacea
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
See <xref linkend="sql-set" endterm="sql-set-title"> and the
|
See <xref linkend="sql-set" endterm="sql-set-title"> and the
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
|
&cite-admin; for more information about allowed variable names
|
||||||
information about allowed variable names and values.
|
and values.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/analyze.sgml,v 1.9 2002/07/31 17:19:51 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/analyze.sgml,v 1.10 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -152,8 +152,7 @@ ANALYZE [ VERBOSE ] [ <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable> [ (<rep
|
|||||||
<command>ANALYZE</command> deems them uninteresting (for example, in
|
<command>ANALYZE</command> deems them uninteresting (for example, in
|
||||||
a unique-key column, there are no common values) or if the column
|
a unique-key column, there are no common values) or if the column
|
||||||
data type does not support the appropriate operators. There is more
|
data type does not support the appropriate operators. There is more
|
||||||
information about the statistics in the <citetitle>User's
|
information about the statistics in the &cite-user;.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle>.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/begin.sgml,v 1.20 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/begin.sgml,v 1.21 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -121,8 +121,7 @@ WARNING: BEGIN: already a transaction in progress
|
|||||||
<command>SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE</command>
|
<command>SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE</command>
|
||||||
just after <command>BEGIN</command> if you need more rigorous transaction
|
just after <command>BEGIN</command> if you need more rigorous transaction
|
||||||
isolation. (Alternatively, you can change the default transaction
|
isolation. (Alternatively, you can change the default transaction
|
||||||
isolation level; see the <citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's
|
isolation level; see the &cite-admin; for details.)
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for details.)
|
|
||||||
In SERIALIZABLE mode queries will see only changes committed before
|
In SERIALIZABLE mode queries will see only changes committed before
|
||||||
the entire
|
the entire
|
||||||
transaction began (actually, before execution of the first <acronym>DML</> statement
|
transaction began (actually, before execution of the first <acronym>DML</> statement
|
||||||
@ -161,7 +160,7 @@ WARNING: BEGIN: already a transaction in progress
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
If you turn <literal>autocommit</> mode off, then <command>BEGIN</>
|
If you turn <varname>autocommit</> mode off, then <command>BEGIN</>
|
||||||
is not required: any SQL command automatically starts a transaction.
|
is not required: any SQL command automatically starts a transaction.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/checkpoint.sgml,v 1.6 2002/04/21 19:02:39 thomas Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/checkpoint.sgml,v 1.7 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="sql-checkpoint">
|
<refentry id="sql-checkpoint">
|
||||||
<refmeta>
|
<refmeta>
|
||||||
@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ CHECKPOINT
|
|||||||
A checkpoint is a point in the transaction log sequence at which
|
A checkpoint is a point in the transaction log sequence at which
|
||||||
all data files have been updated to reflect the information in the
|
all data files have been updated to reflect the information in the
|
||||||
log. All data files will be flushed to disk. Refer to the
|
log. All data files will be flushed to disk. Refer to the
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for more
|
&cite-admin; for more information about the WAL system.
|
||||||
information about the WAL system.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ CHECKPOINT
|
|||||||
<title>See Also</title>
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-admin;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -61,3 +60,20 @@ CHECKPOINT
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
|
||||||
|
Local variables:
|
||||||
|
mode: sgml
|
||||||
|
sgml-omittag:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-shorttag:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-indent-step:1
|
||||||
|
sgml-indent-data:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-parent-document:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-default-dtd-file:"../reference.ced"
|
||||||
|
sgml-exposed-tags:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-local-catalogs:"/usr/lib/sgml/catalog"
|
||||||
|
sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
|
||||||
|
End:
|
||||||
|
-->
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_aggregate.sgml,v 1.22 2002/10/21 04:33:39 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_aggregate.sgml,v 1.23 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -271,9 +271,8 @@ CREATE AGGREGATE
|
|||||||
Usage
|
Usage
|
||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to the chapter on aggregate functions
|
Refer to the chapter on aggregate functions in the
|
||||||
in the <citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for
|
&cite-programmer; for complete examples of usage.
|
||||||
complete examples of usage.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_cast.sgml,v 1.7 2002/11/15 03:11:17 momjian Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_cast.sgml,v 1.8 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="SQL-CREATECAST">
|
<refentry id="SQL-CREATECAST">
|
||||||
<refmeta>
|
<refmeta>
|
||||||
@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ CREATE CAST (text AS int4) WITH FUNCTION int4(text);
|
|||||||
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-createtype" endterm="sql-createtype-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-createtype" endterm="sql-createtype-title">,
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-dropcast" endterm="sql-dropcast-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-dropcast" endterm="sql-dropcast-title">,
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_conversion.sgml,v 1.5 2002/11/02 02:33:03 tgl Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_conversion.sgml,v 1.6 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="SQL-CREATECONVERSION">
|
<refentry id="SQL-CREATECONVERSION">
|
||||||
<refmeta>
|
<refmeta>
|
||||||
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ CREATE CONVERSION myconv FOR 'UNICODE' TO 'LATIN1' FROM myfunc;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-dropconversion" endterm="sql-dropconversion-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-dropconversion" endterm="sql-dropconversion-title">,
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml,v 1.30 2002/11/15 03:11:17 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_database.sgml,v 1.31 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ comment from Olly; response from Thomas...
|
|||||||
by specifying its name as the template, this is not (yet) intended as
|
by specifying its name as the template, this is not (yet) intended as
|
||||||
a general-purpose COPY DATABASE facility.
|
a general-purpose COPY DATABASE facility.
|
||||||
We recommend that databases used as templates be treated as read-only.
|
We recommend that databases used as templates be treated as read-only.
|
||||||
See the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</> for more information.
|
See the &cite-admin; for more information.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_domain.sgml,v 1.9 2002/12/12 20:35:07 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_domain.sgml,v 1.10 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">constraint</replaceable> is:
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The underlying data type of the domain. This may include array
|
The underlying data type of the domain. This may include array
|
||||||
specifiers.
|
specifiers.
|
||||||
Refer to the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for further
|
Refer to the &cite-user; for further
|
||||||
information about data types and arrays.
|
information about data types and arrays.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ CREATE TABLE countrylist (id INT4, country country_code);
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-dropdomain" endterm="sql-dropdomain-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-dropdomain" endterm="sql-dropdomain-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-programmer;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_function.sgml,v 1.43 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_function.sgml,v 1.44 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="SQL-CREATEFUNCTION">
|
<refentry id="SQL-CREATEFUNCTION">
|
||||||
@ -281,8 +281,7 @@ CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
|
|||||||
<title>Notes</title>
|
<title>Notes</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to the chapter in the
|
Refer to the chapter in the &cite-programmer;
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
|
||||||
on the topic of extending
|
on the topic of extending
|
||||||
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> via functions
|
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> via functions
|
||||||
for further information on writing external functions.
|
for further information on writing external functions.
|
||||||
@ -470,7 +469,7 @@ Point * complex_to_point (Complex *z)
|
|||||||
<xref linkend="sql-load" endterm="sql-load-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-load" endterm="sql-load-title">,
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-revoke" endterm="sql-revoke-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-revoke" endterm="sql-revoke-title">,
|
||||||
<xref linkend="app-createlang">,
|
<xref linkend="app-createlang">,
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_group.sgml,v 1.8 2002/04/21 19:02:39 thomas Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_group.sgml,v 1.9 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">option</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
Description
|
Description
|
||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
CREATE GROUP will create a new group in the database installation.
|
<command>CREATE GROUP</command> will create a new group in the
|
||||||
Refer to the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for information about using groups
|
database installation. Refer to the &cite-admin; for information
|
||||||
for authentication.
|
about using groups for authentication. You must be a database
|
||||||
You must be a database superuser to use this command.
|
superuser to use this command.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Use <xref linkend="SQL-ALTERGROUP" endterm="SQL-ALTERGROUP-title">
|
Use <xref linkend="SQL-ALTERGROUP" endterm="SQL-ALTERGROUP-title">
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_language.sgml,v 1.29 2002/11/21 23:34:43 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_language.sgml,v 1.30 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -37,9 +37,8 @@ CREATE [ TRUSTED ] [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE <replaceable class="parameter">langna
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<command>CREATE LANGUAGE</command> effectively associates the
|
<command>CREATE LANGUAGE</command> effectively associates the
|
||||||
language name with a call handler that is responsible for executing
|
language name with a call handler that is responsible for executing
|
||||||
functions written in the language. Refer to the
|
functions written in the language. Refer to the &cite-programmer;
|
||||||
<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more information
|
for more information about language call handlers.
|
||||||
about language call handlers.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ CREATE LANGUAGE plsample
|
|||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-droplanguage" endterm="sql-droplanguage-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-droplanguage" endterm="sql-droplanguage-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-grant" endterm="sql-grant-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-grant" endterm="sql-grant-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-revoke" endterm="sql-revoke-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-revoke" endterm="sql-revoke-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-programmer;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_opclass.sgml,v 1.4 2002/10/04 22:19:29 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_opclass.sgml,v 1.5 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -224,8 +224,7 @@ CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to the chapter on interfacing extensions to indexes in the
|
Refer to the chapter on interfacing extensions to indexes in the
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer; for further information.
|
||||||
for further information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEOPCLASS-3">
|
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEOPCLASS-3">
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_operator.sgml,v 1.32 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_operator.sgml,v 1.33 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -436,8 +436,7 @@ MYBOXES.description === box '((0,0), (1,1))'
|
|||||||
Notes
|
Notes
|
||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to the chapter on operators in the
|
Refer to the chapter on operators in the &cite-user;
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle>
|
|
||||||
for further information.
|
for further information.
|
||||||
Refer to <command>DROP OPERATOR</command> to delete
|
Refer to <command>DROP OPERATOR</command> to delete
|
||||||
user-defined operators from a database.
|
user-defined operators from a database.
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_sequence.sgml,v 1.29 2002/11/10 00:10:20 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_sequence.sgml,v 1.30 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ ERROR: DefineSequence: MINVALUE (<replaceable class="parameter">min</replaceabl
|
|||||||
<function>currval</function> and
|
<function>currval</function> and
|
||||||
<function>setval</function>
|
<function>setval</function>
|
||||||
to operate on the sequence. These functions are documented in
|
to operate on the sequence. These functions are documented in
|
||||||
the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>.
|
the &cite-user;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml,v 1.60 2002/12/16 19:08:25 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml,v 1.61 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ and <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table_constraint</replaceable> is:
|
|||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The data type of the column. This may include array specifiers.
|
The data type of the column. This may include array specifiers.
|
||||||
Refer to the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for further
|
Refer to the &cite-user; for further information about data
|
||||||
information about data types and arrays.
|
types and arrays.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_trigger.sgml,v 1.31 2002/12/17 17:41:30 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_trigger.sgml,v 1.32 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -202,9 +202,8 @@ CREATE TRIGGER
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Refer to the chapters on SPI and Triggers in the
|
Refer to the chapters on SPI and Triggers in the &cite-programmer;
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more
|
for more information.
|
||||||
information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -349,7 +348,7 @@ CREATE TABLE distributors (
|
|||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-altertrigger" endterm="sql-altertrigger-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-altertrigger" endterm="sql-altertrigger-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-droptrigger" endterm="sql-droptrigger-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-droptrigger" endterm="sql-droptrigger-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-programmer;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_type.sgml,v 1.37 2002/11/21 23:34:43 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_type.sgml,v 1.38 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ CREATE FUNCTION getfoo() RETURNS SETOF compfoo AS 'SELECT fooid, fooname FROM fo
|
|||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="sql-droptype" endterm="sql-droptype-title"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="sql-droptype" endterm="sql-droptype-title"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-programmer;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_user.sgml,v 1.23 2002/02/27 21:14:53 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_user.sgml,v 1.24 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -34,10 +34,9 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">option</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<command>CREATE USER</command> will add a new user to an instance
|
<command>CREATE USER</command> will add a new user to an instance
|
||||||
of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>. Refer to the
|
of <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>. Refer to the &cite-admin;
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for information about
|
for information about managing users and authentication. You must
|
||||||
managing users and authentication. You must be a database
|
be a database superuser to use this command.
|
||||||
superuser to use this command.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refsect2>
|
<refsect2>
|
||||||
@ -102,12 +101,11 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">option</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
See the chapter on client authentication in the
|
See the chapter on client authentication in the &cite-admin;
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for details on
|
for details on how to set up authentication mechanisms. Note
|
||||||
how to set up authentication mechanisms. Note that older
|
that older clients may lack support for the MD5 authentication
|
||||||
clients may lack support for the MD5 authentication mechanism
|
mechanism that is needed to work with passwords that are
|
||||||
that is needed to work with passwords that are stored
|
stored encrypted.
|
||||||
encrypted.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/drop_aggregate.sgml,v 1.19 2002/07/12 18:43:12 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/drop_aggregate.sgml,v 1.20 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -47,10 +47,7 @@ DROP AGGREGATE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">name</replaceable> ( <replaceable
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The input data type of the aggregate function,
|
The input data type of the aggregate function,
|
||||||
or <literal>*</literal> if the function accepts any input type.
|
or <literal>*</literal> if the function accepts any input type.
|
||||||
(Refer to the <citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle> for
|
(Refer to the &cite-user; for further information about data types.)
|
||||||
further information about data types.)
|
|
||||||
<comment>This should become a cross-reference rather than a
|
|
||||||
hard-coded chapter number</comment>
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/ecpg-ref.sgml,v 1.23 2002/11/15 03:11:18 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/ecpg-ref.sgml,v 1.24 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
This reference page does not describe the embedded SQL language.
|
This reference page does not describe the embedded SQL language.
|
||||||
See the &cite-programmer; for that.
|
See the &cite-programmer; for more information on that topic.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -196,8 +196,8 @@ cc -o prog1 prog1.o -L/usr/local/pgsql/lib -lecpg
|
|||||||
<title>See Also</title>
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for a more
|
&cite-programmer; for a more detailed description of the embedded
|
||||||
detailed description of the embedded SQL interface
|
SQL interface
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/execute.sgml,v 1.1 2002/08/27 04:55:07 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/execute.sgml,v 1.2 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<date>2002-08-12</date>
|
<date>2002-08-12</date>
|
||||||
</refsynopsisdivinfo>
|
</refsynopsisdivinfo>
|
||||||
<synopsis>
|
<synopsis>
|
||||||
EXECUTE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">plan_name</replaceable> [ (<replaceable class="PARAMETER">parameter</replaceable> [, ...] ) ]
|
EXECUTE <replaceable class="PARAMETER">plan_name</replaceable> [ (<replaceable class="PARAMETER">parameter</replaceable> [, ...] ) ] [ INTO [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable> ]
|
||||||
</synopsis>
|
</synopsis>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-EXECUTE-1">
|
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-EXECUTE-1">
|
||||||
@ -42,16 +42,28 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
<term><replaceable class="PARAMETER">parameter</replaceable></term>
|
<term><replaceable class="PARAMETER">parameter</replaceable></term>
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The actual value of a parameter to the prepared query.
|
The actual value of a parameter to the prepared query. This
|
||||||
This must be an expression yielding a value of a type
|
must be an expression yielding a value of a type compatible
|
||||||
compatible with
|
with the data-type specified for this parameter position in
|
||||||
the data-type specified for this parameter position in the
|
the <command>PREPARE</command> statement that created the
|
||||||
<command>PREPARE</command> statement that created the prepared
|
prepared query.
|
||||||
query.
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
<term><replaceable class="PARAMETER">table</replaceable></term>
|
||||||
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
The name of the table in which to store the results of
|
||||||
|
executing the query (if it is a <command>SELECT</command>). If
|
||||||
|
no table is specified, the results are returned to the client
|
||||||
|
(as normal).
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -85,6 +97,13 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
name of a prepared query must be unique within a database session.
|
name of a prepared query must be unique within a database session.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Like <command>SELECT INTO</command>, <command>EXECUTE</command> can
|
||||||
|
be used to store the results of executing the query in a table by
|
||||||
|
specifying an INTO clause. For more information on this behabior,
|
||||||
|
consult the reference for <xref linkend="sql-selectinto">.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
For more information on the creation and usage of prepared queries,
|
For more information on the creation and usage of prepared queries,
|
||||||
see <xref linkend="sql-prepare" endterm="sql-prepare-title">.
|
see <xref linkend="sql-prepare" endterm="sql-prepare-title">.
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/explain.sgml,v 1.21 2002/11/15 03:11:18 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/explain.sgml,v 1.22 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -87,9 +87,10 @@ EXPLAIN [ ANALYZE ] [ VERBOSE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">query</replaceabl
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<note>
|
<note>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Prior to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.3, the query plan
|
Prior to <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 7.3, the query
|
||||||
was emitted in the form of a NOTICE message. Now it appears as a
|
plan was emitted in the form of a <literal>NOTICE</literal>
|
||||||
query result (formatted like a table with a single text column).
|
message. Now it appears as a query result (formatted like a
|
||||||
|
table with a single text column).
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</note>
|
</note>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
@ -127,12 +128,26 @@ EXPLAIN [ ANALYZE ] [ VERBOSE ] <replaceable class="PARAMETER">query</replaceabl
|
|||||||
costs to estimate which plan is really the cheapest.
|
costs to estimate which plan is really the cheapest.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<note>
|
||||||
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
In order to allow the <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> query
|
||||||
|
planner to make reasonably informed decisions when optimizing
|
||||||
|
queries, the <command>ANALYZE</command> statement should be used
|
||||||
|
to record statistics about the distribution of data within the
|
||||||
|
table. If you have not done this (or the statistical distribution
|
||||||
|
of the data in the table has changed significantly since the last
|
||||||
|
time <command>ANALYZE</command> was run), the estimated costs and
|
||||||
|
the resulting query plan displayed by <command>EXPLAIN</command>
|
||||||
|
are unlikely to conform to the real properties of the query.
|
||||||
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
</note>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The ANALYZE option causes the query to be actually executed, not only
|
The ANALYZE option causes the query to be actually executed, not only
|
||||||
planned. The total elapsed time expended within each plan node (in
|
planned. The total elapsed time expended within each plan node (in
|
||||||
milliseconds) and total number of rows it actually returned are added to
|
milliseconds) and total number of rows it actually returned are added to
|
||||||
the display. This is useful for seeing whether the planner's estimates
|
the display. This is useful for seeing whether the planner's estimates
|
||||||
are close to reality.
|
are close to the actual performance of the query.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<caution>
|
<caution>
|
||||||
@ -171,8 +186,7 @@ ROLLBACK;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
There is only sparse documentation on the optimizer's use of cost
|
There is only sparse documentation on the optimizer's use of cost
|
||||||
information in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
|
information in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
|
||||||
Refer to the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> and
|
Refer to the &cite-user; and &cite-programmer; for more information.
|
||||||
<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
@ -233,7 +247,12 @@ EXPLAIN SELECT sum(i) FROM foo WHERE i < 10;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Note that the specific numbers shown, and even the selected query
|
Note that the specific numbers shown, and even the selected query
|
||||||
strategy, may vary between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
|
strategy, may vary between <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>
|
||||||
releases due to planner improvements.
|
releases due to planner improvements. In addition, the algorithm
|
||||||
|
used by <command>ANALYZE</command> to generate statistics is not
|
||||||
|
completely deterministic; therefore, it is possible (although not
|
||||||
|
likely) for cost estimations to change between runs of
|
||||||
|
<command>ANALYZE</command>, even if the actual distribution of data
|
||||||
|
in the table has not changed.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml,v 1.23 2002/10/11 23:03:48 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/initdb.sgml,v 1.24 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-postgres"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-postgres"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-postmaster"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-postmaster"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-admin;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/initlocation.sgml,v 1.17 2002/10/11 23:03:48 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/initlocation.sgml,v 1.18 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<title>See Also</title>
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-admin;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml,v 1.19 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/insert.sgml,v 1.20 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -216,8 +216,7 @@ INSERT INTO films SELECT * FROM tmp;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Insert into arrays (refer to the
|
Insert into arrays (refer to the &cite-user; for further
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle> for further
|
|
||||||
information about arrays):
|
information about arrays):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/load.sgml,v 1.14 2002/11/21 23:34:43 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/load.sgml,v 1.15 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="SQL-LOAD">
|
<refentry id="SQL-LOAD">
|
||||||
@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ LOAD '<replaceable class="PARAMETER">filename</replaceable>'
|
|||||||
The file name is specified in the same way as for shared library
|
The file name is specified in the same way as for shared library
|
||||||
names in <xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">; in particular, one
|
names in <xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">; in particular, one
|
||||||
may rely on a search path and automatic addition of the system's standard
|
may rely on a search path and automatic addition of the system's standard
|
||||||
shared library file name extension. See the
|
shared library file name extension. See the &cite-programmer; for
|
||||||
<citetitle>Programmer's Guide</citetitle> for more detail.
|
more information on this topic.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ LOAD '<replaceable class="PARAMETER">filename</replaceable>'
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
<xref linkend="sql-createfunction" endterm="sql-createfunction-title">,
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_config-ref.sgml,v 1.12 2002/11/15 03:11:18 momjian Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_config-ref.sgml,v 1.13 2003/01/19 00:13:29 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="app-pgconfig">
|
<refentry id="app-pgconfig">
|
||||||
<refmeta>
|
<refmeta>
|
||||||
@ -160,7 +160,24 @@
|
|||||||
<title>See Also</title>
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle>
|
&cite-programmer;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
|
||||||
|
Local variables:
|
||||||
|
mode: sgml
|
||||||
|
sgml-omittag:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-shorttag:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-indent-step:1
|
||||||
|
sgml-indent-data:t
|
||||||
|
sgml-parent-document:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-default-dtd-file:"../reference.ced"
|
||||||
|
sgml-exposed-tags:nil
|
||||||
|
sgml-local-catalogs:"/usr/lib/sgml/catalog"
|
||||||
|
sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
|
||||||
|
End:
|
||||||
|
-->
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml,v 1.17 2002/10/11 23:03:48 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_ctl-ref.sgml,v 1.18 2003/01/19 00:13:30 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ Command line was:
|
|||||||
<title>See Also</title>
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<xref linkend="app-postmaster">, <citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle>
|
<xref linkend="app-postmaster">, &cite-admin;
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml,v 1.54 2003/01/06 18:53:24 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_dump.sgml,v 1.55 2003/01/19 00:13:30 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ CREATE DATABASE foo WITH TEMPLATE template0;
|
|||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pg-dumpall"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pg-dumpall"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pgrestore"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pgrestore"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-psql"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-psql"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-admin;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_restore.sgml,v 1.34 2003/01/06 18:53:24 petere Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_restore.sgml,v 1.35 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refentry id="APP-PGRESTORE">
|
<refentry id="APP-PGRESTORE">
|
||||||
<docinfo>
|
<docinfo>
|
||||||
@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ CREATE DATABASE foo WITH TEMPLATE = template0;
|
|||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pgdump"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pgdump"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pg-dumpall"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pg-dumpall"></member>
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-psql"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-psql"></member>
|
||||||
<member><citetitle>PostgreSQL Administrator's Guide</citetitle></member>
|
<member>&cite-admin;</member>
|
||||||
</simplelist>
|
</simplelist>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/pgtclsh.sgml,v 1.5 2002/04/21 19:02:39 thomas Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/pgtclsh.sgml,v 1.6 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pgtksh"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pgtksh"></member>
|
||||||
<member>
|
<member>
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> (description of <filename>libpgtcl</filename>)
|
&cite-programmer; (description of <filename>libpgtcl</filename>)
|
||||||
</member>
|
</member>
|
||||||
<member>
|
<member>
|
||||||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>tclsh</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>tclsh</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/pgtksh.sgml,v 1.5 2002/04/21 19:02:39 thomas Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/Attic/pgtksh.sgml,v 1.6 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<simplelist type="inline">
|
<simplelist type="inline">
|
||||||
<member><xref linkend="app-pgtclsh"></member>
|
<member><xref linkend="app-pgtclsh"></member>
|
||||||
<member>
|
<member>
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL Programmer's Guide</citetitle> (description of <filename>libpgtcl</filename>)
|
&cite-programmer; (description of <filename>libpgtcl</filename>)
|
||||||
</member>
|
</member>
|
||||||
<member>
|
<member>
|
||||||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>tclsh</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>tclsh</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/postgres-ref.sgml,v 1.29 2002/10/23 23:33:08 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/postgres-ref.sgml,v 1.30 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
You can avoid having to type these options by setting up a
|
You can avoid having to type these options by setting up a
|
||||||
configuration file. See the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
configuration file. See the &cite-admin; for details. Some
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for details. Some (safe) options can also be
|
(safe) options can also be set from the connecting client in an
|
||||||
set from the connecting client in an application-dependent way.
|
application-dependent way. For example, if the environment
|
||||||
For example, if the environment variable <envar>PGOPTIONS</envar>
|
variable <envar>PGOPTIONS</envar> is set, then
|
||||||
is set, then <application>libpq</>-based clients will pass that string to the
|
<application>libpq</>-based clients will pass that string to the
|
||||||
server, which will interpret it as
|
server, which will interpret it as
|
||||||
<application>postgres</application> command-line options.
|
<application>postgres</application> command-line options.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
@ -153,8 +153,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
means that the <quote>day before month</quote> (rather than
|
means that the <quote>day before month</quote> (rather than
|
||||||
month before day) rule is used to interpret ambiguous date
|
month before day) rule is used to interpret ambiguous date
|
||||||
input, and that the day is printed before the month in certain
|
input, and that the day is printed before the month in certain
|
||||||
date output formats. See the <citetitle>PostgreSQL User's
|
date output formats. See the &cite-user; for more information.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for more information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/postmaster.sgml,v 1.33 2002/10/11 23:03:48 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/postmaster.sgml,v 1.34 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -80,9 +80,8 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<application>postmaster</application> accepts the following
|
<application>postmaster</application> accepts the following
|
||||||
command line arguments. For a detailed discussion of the options
|
command line arguments. For a detailed discussion of the options
|
||||||
consult the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle>. You can
|
consult the &cite-admin;. You can also save typing most of these
|
||||||
also save typing most of these options by setting up a
|
options by setting up a configuration file.
|
||||||
configuration file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<variablelist>
|
<variablelist>
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -111,11 +110,11 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<term>-c <replaceable>name</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</replaceable></term>
|
<term>-c <replaceable>name</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</replaceable></term>
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Sets a named run-time parameter. Consult the
|
Sets a named run-time parameter. Consult the &cite-admin; for
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for a list and
|
a list and descriptions. Most of the other command line
|
||||||
descriptions. Most of the other command line options are in
|
options are in fact short forms of such a parameter
|
||||||
fact short forms of such a parameter assignment. <option>-c</>
|
assignment. <option>-c</> can appear multiple times to set
|
||||||
can appear multiple times to set multiple parameters.
|
multiple parameters.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -219,9 +218,9 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
default, this value is 32, but it can be set as high as your
|
default, this value is 32, but it can be set as high as your
|
||||||
system will support. (Note that
|
system will support. (Note that
|
||||||
<option>-B</option> is required to be at least twice
|
<option>-B</option> is required to be at least twice
|
||||||
<option>-N</option>. See the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
<option>-N</option>. See the &cite-admin; for a discussion of
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for a discussion of system resource requirements
|
system resource requirements for large numbers of client
|
||||||
for large numbers of client connections.)
|
connections.)
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
@ -404,8 +403,8 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
|
|||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Other environment variables may be used to designate alternative
|
Other environment variables may be used to designate alternative
|
||||||
data storage locations. See the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
data storage locations. See the &cite-admin; for more
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for more information.
|
information.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/reset.sgml,v 1.17 2002/10/13 16:55:05 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/reset.sgml,v 1.18 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ SET <replaceable class="parameter">variable</replaceable> TO DEFAULT
|
|||||||
current session. The actual source of this value might be a
|
current session. The actual source of this value might be a
|
||||||
compiled-in default, the postmaster's configuration file or command-line
|
compiled-in default, the postmaster's configuration file or command-line
|
||||||
switches, or per-database or per-user default settings. See the
|
switches, or per-database or per-user default settings. See the
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> for details.
|
&cite-admin; for details.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml,v 1.63 2002/10/24 21:19:15 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/select.sgml,v 1.64 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -291,19 +291,17 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<command>DISTINCT</command> will eliminate duplicate rows from the
|
DISTINCT will eliminate duplicate rows from the result. ALL (the
|
||||||
result.
|
default) will return all candidate rows, including duplicates.
|
||||||
<command>ALL</command> (the default) will return all candidate rows,
|
|
||||||
including duplicates.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
<command>DISTINCT ON</command> eliminates rows that match on all the
|
DISTINCT ON eliminates rows that match on all the
|
||||||
specified expressions, keeping only the first row of each set of
|
specified expressions, keeping only the first row of each set of
|
||||||
duplicates. The DISTINCT ON expressions are interpreted using the
|
duplicates. The DISTINCT ON expressions are interpreted using the
|
||||||
same rules as for ORDER BY items; see below.
|
same rules as for ORDER BY items; see below.
|
||||||
Note that the <quote>first row</quote> of each set is unpredictable
|
Note that the <quote>first row</quote> of each set is unpredictable
|
||||||
unless <command>ORDER BY</command> is used to ensure that the desired
|
unless ORDER BY is used to ensure that the desired
|
||||||
row appears first. For example,
|
row appears first. For example,
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
SELECT DISTINCT ON (location) location, time, report
|
SELECT DISTINCT ON (location) location, time, report
|
||||||
@ -336,9 +334,9 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
SELECT queries can be combined using UNION, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT
|
<command>SELECT</command> queries can be combined using UNION,
|
||||||
operators. Use parentheses if necessary to determine the ordering
|
INTERSECT, and EXCEPT operators. Use parentheses if necessary to
|
||||||
of these operators.
|
determine the ordering of these operators.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -368,8 +366,8 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The FOR UPDATE clause causes the SELECT statement to lock the selected
|
The FOR UPDATE clause causes the <command>SELECT</command>
|
||||||
rows against concurrent updates.
|
statement to lock the selected rows against concurrent updates.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -387,11 +385,12 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</title>
|
</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The FROM clause specifies one or more source tables for the SELECT.
|
The FROM clause specifies one or more source tables for the
|
||||||
If multiple sources are specified, the result is conceptually the
|
<command>SELECT</command>. If multiple sources are specified, the
|
||||||
Cartesian product of all the rows in all the sources --- but usually
|
result is conceptually the Cartesian product of all the rows in
|
||||||
qualification conditions are added to restrict the returned rows to
|
all the sources --- but usually qualification conditions are added
|
||||||
a small subset of the Cartesian product.
|
to restrict the returned rows to a small subset of the Cartesian
|
||||||
|
product.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -407,10 +406,11 @@ where <replaceable class="PARAMETER">from_item</replaceable> can be:
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
A FROM item can also be a parenthesized sub-SELECT (note that an
|
A FROM item can also be a parenthesized
|
||||||
alias clause is required for a sub-SELECT!). This is an extremely
|
sub-<command>SELECT</command> (note that an alias clause is
|
||||||
handy feature since it's the only way to get multiple levels of
|
required for a sub-<command>SELECT</command>!). This is an
|
||||||
grouping, aggregation, or sorting in a single query.
|
extremely useful feature since it's the only way to get multiple
|
||||||
|
levels of grouping, aggregation, or sorting in a single query.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -542,23 +542,25 @@ GROUP BY <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [, ...]
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
GROUP BY will condense into a single row all selected rows that share the
|
GROUP BY will condense into a single row all selected rows that
|
||||||
same values for the grouped columns. Aggregate functions, if any,
|
share the same values for the grouped columns. Aggregate
|
||||||
are computed across all rows making up each group, producing a
|
functions, if any, are computed across all rows making up each
|
||||||
separate value for each group (whereas without GROUP BY, an
|
group, producing a separate value for each group (whereas without
|
||||||
aggregate produces a single value computed across all the selected
|
GROUP BY, an aggregate produces a single value computed across all
|
||||||
rows). When GROUP BY is present, it is not valid for the SELECT
|
the selected rows). When GROUP BY is present, it is not valid for
|
||||||
output expression(s) to refer to
|
the <command>SELECT</command> output expression(s) to refer to
|
||||||
ungrouped columns except within aggregate functions, since there
|
ungrouped columns except within aggregate functions, since there
|
||||||
would be more than one possible value to return for an ungrouped column.
|
would be more than one possible value to return for an ungrouped
|
||||||
|
column.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
A GROUP BY item can be an input column name, or the name or ordinal
|
A GROUP BY item can be an input column name, or the name or
|
||||||
number of an output column (SELECT expression), or it can be an arbitrary
|
ordinal number of an output column (<command>SELECT</command>
|
||||||
expression formed from input-column values. In case of ambiguity, a GROUP
|
expression), or it can be an arbitrary expression formed from
|
||||||
BY name will
|
input-column values. In case of ambiguity, a GROUP BY name will
|
||||||
be interpreted as an input-column name rather than an output column name.
|
be interpreted as an input-column name rather than an output
|
||||||
|
column name.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect2>
|
</refsect2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -610,10 +612,11 @@ ORDER BY <replaceable class="PARAMETER">expression</replaceable> [ ASC | DESC |
|
|||||||
</synopsis></para>
|
</synopsis></para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
An ORDER BY item can be the name or ordinal
|
An ORDER BY item can be the name or ordinal number of an output
|
||||||
number of an output column (SELECT expression), or it can be an arbitrary
|
column (<command>SELECT</command> expression), or it can be an
|
||||||
expression formed from input-column values. In case of ambiguity, an
|
arbitrary expression formed from input-column values. In case of
|
||||||
ORDER BY name will be interpreted as an output-column name.
|
ambiguity, an ORDER BY name will be interpreted as an
|
||||||
|
output-column name.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The ordinal number refers to the ordinal (left-to-right) position
|
The ordinal number refers to the ordinal (left-to-right) position
|
||||||
@ -697,10 +700,10 @@ SELECT name FROM distributors ORDER BY code;
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The UNION operator computes the collection (set union) of the rows
|
The UNION operator computes the collection (set union) of the rows
|
||||||
returned by the queries involved.
|
returned by the queries involved. The two
|
||||||
The two SELECT statements that represent the direct operands of the UNION must
|
<command>SELECT</command> statements that represent the direct
|
||||||
produce the same number of columns, and corresponding columns must be
|
operands of the UNION must produce the same number of columns, and
|
||||||
of compatible data types.
|
corresponding columns must be of compatible data types.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -710,8 +713,9 @@ SELECT name FROM distributors ORDER BY code;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Multiple UNION operators in the same SELECT statement are
|
Multiple UNION operators in the same <command>SELECT</command>
|
||||||
evaluated left to right, unless otherwise indicated by parentheses.
|
statement are evaluated left to right, unless otherwise indicated
|
||||||
|
by parentheses.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -864,22 +868,26 @@ SELECT name FROM distributors ORDER BY code;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
FOR UPDATE causes the rows retrieved by the query to be locked as though
|
FOR UPDATE causes the rows retrieved by the query to be locked as
|
||||||
for update. This prevents them from being modified or deleted by other
|
though for update. This prevents them from being modified or
|
||||||
transactions until the current transaction ends; that is, other
|
deleted by other transactions until the current transaction ends;
|
||||||
transactions that attempt UPDATE, DELETE, or SELECT FOR UPDATE of these
|
that is, other transactions that attempt
|
||||||
rows will be blocked until the current transaction ends. Also, if an
|
<command>UPDATE</command>, <command>DELETE</command>, or
|
||||||
UPDATE, DELETE, or SELECT FOR UPDATE from another transaction has already
|
<command>SELECT FOR UPDATE</command> of these rows will be blocked
|
||||||
locked a selected row or rows, SELECT FOR UPDATE will wait for the other
|
until the current transaction ends. Also, if an
|
||||||
transaction to complete, and will then lock and return the updated row
|
<command>UPDATE</command>, <command>DELETE</command>, or
|
||||||
(or no row, if the row was deleted). For further discussion see the
|
<command>SELECT FOR UPDATE</command> from another transaction has
|
||||||
concurrency chapter of the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>.
|
already locked a selected row or rows, <command>SELECT FOR
|
||||||
|
UPDATE</command> will wait for the other transaction to complete,
|
||||||
|
and will then lock and return the updated row (or no row, if the
|
||||||
|
row was deleted). For further discussion see the concurrency
|
||||||
|
chapter of the &cite-user;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
If specific tables are named in FOR UPDATE, then only rows coming from
|
If specific tables are named in FOR UPDATE, then only rows coming
|
||||||
those tables are locked; any other tables used in the SELECT are simply
|
from those tables are locked; any other tables used in the
|
||||||
read as usual.
|
<command>SELECT</command> are simply read as usual.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -1097,9 +1105,9 @@ SELECT 2+2;
|
|||||||
4
|
4
|
||||||
</programlisting>
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Some other SQL databases cannot do this except by introducing a dummy one-row
|
Some other <acronym>SQL</acronym> databases cannot do this except by
|
||||||
table to do the select from. A less obvious use is to abbreviate a
|
introducing a dummy one-row table to do the select from. A less
|
||||||
normal select from one or more tables:
|
obvious use is to abbreviate a normal select from one or more tables:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
SELECT distributors.* WHERE distributors.name = 'Westward';
|
SELECT distributors.* WHERE distributors.name = 'Westward';
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/set.sgml,v 1.71 2003/01/12 01:33:00 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/set.sgml,v 1.72 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] TIME ZONE { <replaceable class="PARAMETER">timezone</rep
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The <command>SET</command> command changes run-time configuration
|
The <command>SET</command> command changes run-time configuration
|
||||||
parameters. Many of the run-time parameters listed in the
|
parameters. Many of the run-time parameters listed in the
|
||||||
<citetitle>Administrator's Guide</citetitle> can be changed on-the-fly
|
&cite-admin; can be changed on-the-fly with <command>SET</command>.
|
||||||
with <command>SET</command>. (But some require superuser privileges
|
(But some require superuser privileges to change, and others cannot
|
||||||
to change, and others cannot be changed after server or session start.)
|
be changed after server or session start.) Note that
|
||||||
Note that <command>SET</command> only affects the value used by the
|
<command>SET</command> only affects the value used by the current
|
||||||
current session.
|
session.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -109,10 +109,9 @@ SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] TIME ZONE { <replaceable class="PARAMETER">timezone</rep
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Even with <literal>autocommit</> set to <literal>off</>, <command>SET</>
|
Even with <varname>autocommit</> set to <literal>off</>, <command>SET</>
|
||||||
does not start a new transaction block. See the
|
does not start a new transaction block. See the
|
||||||
<literal>autocommit</> section of the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
<varname>autocommit</> section of the &cite-admin; for details.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for details.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
@ -517,8 +516,8 @@ SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AS today;
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The function <function>set_config</function> provides the equivalent
|
The function <function>set_config</function> provides the equivalent
|
||||||
capability. See <citetitle>Miscellaneous Functions</citetitle> in the
|
capability. See <citetitle>Miscellaneous Functions</citetitle> in
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle>.
|
the &cite-user;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/set_transaction.sgml,v 1.11 2003/01/11 00:00:03 petere Exp $ -->
|
<!-- $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/set_transaction.sgml,v 1.12 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $ -->
|
||||||
<refentry id="SQL-SET-TRANSACTION">
|
<refentry id="SQL-SET-TRANSACTION">
|
||||||
<docinfo>
|
<docinfo>
|
||||||
<date>2000-11-24</date>
|
<date>2000-11-24</date>
|
||||||
@ -109,9 +109,8 @@ SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION
|
|||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
SET default_transaction_isolation = '<replaceable>value</replaceable>'
|
SET default_transaction_isolation = '<replaceable>value</replaceable>'
|
||||||
</programlisting>
|
</programlisting>
|
||||||
and in the
|
and in the configuration file. Consult the &cite-admin; for more
|
||||||
configuration file. Consult the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
information.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for more information.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -127,8 +126,7 @@ SET default_transaction_isolation = '<replaceable>value</replaceable>'
|
|||||||
not provide the isolation levels <option>READ UNCOMMITTED</option>
|
not provide the isolation levels <option>READ UNCOMMITTED</option>
|
||||||
and <option>REPEATABLE READ</option>. Because of multiversion
|
and <option>REPEATABLE READ</option>. Because of multiversion
|
||||||
concurrency control, the <option>SERIALIZABLE</option> level is not
|
concurrency control, the <option>SERIALIZABLE</option> level is not
|
||||||
truly serializable. See the <citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle> for
|
truly serializable. See the &cite-user; for details.
|
||||||
details.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/show.sgml,v 1.22 2002/10/13 16:55:05 tgl Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/show.sgml,v 1.23 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -62,10 +62,9 @@ SHOW ALL
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Even with <literal>autocommit</> set to <literal>off</>, <command>SHOW</>
|
Even with <varname>autocommit</> set to <literal>off</>, <command>SHOW</>
|
||||||
does not start a new transaction block. See the
|
does not start a new transaction block. See the
|
||||||
<literal>autocommit</> section of the <citetitle>Administrator's
|
<varname>autocommit</> section of the &cite-admin; for details.
|
||||||
Guide</citetitle> for details.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ SHOW ALL
|
|||||||
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-SHOW-2">
|
<refsect1 id="R1-SQL-SHOW-2">
|
||||||
<title>Examples</title>
|
<title>Examples</title>
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Show the current <literal>DateStyle</literal> setting:
|
Show the current <varname>DateStyle</varname> setting:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
SHOW DateStyle;
|
SHOW DateStyle;
|
||||||
@ -103,7 +102,8 @@ SHOW DateStyle;
|
|||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
Show the current genetic optimizer (<literal>geqo</literal>) setting:
|
Show whether the genetic query optimizer is enabled by displaying
|
||||||
|
the <varname>geqo</varname> setting:
|
||||||
<programlisting>
|
<programlisting>
|
||||||
SHOW GEQO;
|
SHOW GEQO;
|
||||||
geqo
|
geqo
|
||||||
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ SHOW ALL;
|
|||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
The function <function>current_setting</function> produces equivalent
|
The function <function>current_setting</function> produces equivalent
|
||||||
output. See <citetitle>Miscellaneous Functions</citetitle> in the
|
output. See <citetitle>Miscellaneous Functions</citetitle> in the
|
||||||
<citetitle>PostgreSQL User's Guide</citetitle>.
|
&cite-user;.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</refsect1>
|
</refsect1>
|
||||||
</refentry>
|
</refentry>
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml,v 1.27 2002/10/09 16:27:48 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/ref/vacuum.sgml,v 1.28 2003/01/19 00:13:31 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
PostgreSQL documentation
|
PostgreSQL documentation
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ INFO: Index <replaceable class="PARAMETER">index</replaceable>: Pages 28;
|
|||||||
intended usage is in connection with preparation of user-defined template
|
intended usage is in connection with preparation of user-defined template
|
||||||
databases, or other databases that are completely read-only and will not
|
databases, or other databases that are completely read-only and will not
|
||||||
receive routine maintenance <command>VACUUM</> operations.
|
receive routine maintenance <command>VACUUM</> operations.
|
||||||
See the <citetitle>Administrator's Guide</> for details.
|
See the &cite-admin; for details.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-VACUUM-3">
|
<refsect2 id="R2-SQL-VACUUM-3">
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/xaggr.sgml,v 1.17 2002/09/21 18:32:54 petere Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/xaggr.sgml,v 1.18 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="xaggr">
|
<chapter id="xaggr">
|
||||||
@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ CREATE AGGREGATE avg (
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
For further details see the description of the <command>CREATE
|
For further details see the description of the <command>CREATE
|
||||||
AGGREGATE</command> command in the <citetitle>Reference
|
AGGREGATE</command> command in the &cite-reference;.
|
||||||
Manual</citetitle>.
|
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
</chapter>
|
</chapter>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
|||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/xfunc.sgml,v 1.63 2003/01/17 03:28:18 momjian Exp $
|
$Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/xfunc.sgml,v 1.64 2003/01/19 00:13:28 momjian Exp $
|
||||||
-->
|
-->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<chapter id="xfunc">
|
<chapter id="xfunc">
|
||||||
@ -2051,8 +2051,8 @@ CREATE FUNCTION test(smallint, double precision) RETURNS ...
|
|||||||
it is not immediately clear which function would be called with
|
it is not immediately clear which function would be called with
|
||||||
some trivial input like <literal>test(1, 1.5)</literal>. The
|
some trivial input like <literal>test(1, 1.5)</literal>. The
|
||||||
currently implemented resolution rules are described in the
|
currently implemented resolution rules are described in the
|
||||||
<citetitle>User's Guide</citetitle>, but it is unwise to design a
|
&cite-user;, but it is unwise to design a system that subtly
|
||||||
system that subtly relies on this behavior.
|
relies on this behavior.
|
||||||
</para>
|
</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>
|
<para>
|
||||||
|
Loading…
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user