Support arrays as input to array_agg() and ARRAY(SELECT ...).

These cases formerly failed with errors about "could not find array type
for data type".  Now they yield arrays of the same element type and one
higher dimension.

The implementation involves creating functions with API similar to the
existing accumArrayResult() family.  I (tgl) also extended the base family
by adding an initArrayResult() function, which allows callers to avoid
special-casing the zero-inputs case if they just want an empty array as
result.  (Not all do, so the previous calling convention remains valid.)
This allowed simplifying some existing code in xml.c and plperl.c.

Ali Akbar, reviewed by Pavel Stehule, significantly modified by me

src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c

@@ -2354,6 +2354,27 @@ get_array_type(Oid typid)
 	return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ * get_promoted_array_type
+ *
+ *		The "promoted" type is what you'd get from an ARRAY(SELECT ...)
+ *		construct, that is, either the corresponding "true" array type
+ *		if the input is a scalar type that has such an array type,
+ *		or the same type if the input is already a "true" array type.
+ *		Returns InvalidOid if neither rule is satisfied.
+ */
+Oid
+get_promoted_array_type(Oid typid)
+{
+	Oid			array_type = get_array_type(typid);
+
+	if (OidIsValid(array_type))
+		return array_type;
+	if (OidIsValid(get_element_type(typid)))
+		return typid;
+	return InvalidOid;
+}
+
 /*
  * get_base_element_type
  *		Given the type OID, get the typelem, looking "through" any domain