pg_stat_statements: Track number of times pgss entries were deallocated.

If more distinct statements than pg_stat_statements.max are observed,
pg_stat_statements entries about the least-executed statements are
deallocated. This commit enables us to track the total number of times
those entries were deallocated. That number can be viewed in the
pg_stat_statements_info view that this commit adds. It's useful when
tuning pg_stat_statements.max parameter. If it's high, i.e., the entries
are deallocated very frequently, which might cause the performance
regression and we can increase pg_stat_statements.max to avoid those
frequent deallocations.

The pg_stat_statements_info view is intended to display the statistics
of pg_stat_statements module itself. Currently it has only one column
"dealloc" indicating the number of times entries were deallocated.
But an upcoming patch will add other columns (for example, the time
at which pg_stat_statements statistics were last reset) into the view.

Author: Katsuragi Yuta, Yuki Seino
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/0d9f1107772cf5c3f954e985464c7298@oss.nttdata.com

contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/pg_stat_statements.sql

@@ -358,4 +358,10 @@ SELECT 42;
 SELECT 42;
 SELECT query, plans, calls, rows FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
 
+--
+-- access to pg_stat_statements_info view
+--
+SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset();
+SELECT dealloc FROM pg_stat_statements_info;
+
 DROP EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;