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Update FAQ's in 8.0.X branch.
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<H1>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for PostgreSQL</H1>
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<P>Last updated: Mon May 30 09:11:03 EDT 2005</P>
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<P>Last updated: Fri Sep 16 14:07:22 EDT 2005</P>
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<P>Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (<A href=
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"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)
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<HR>
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<H2 align="center">General Questions</H2>
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<A href="#1.1">1.1</A>) What is PostgreSQL? How is it pronounced?<BR>
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<A href="#1.1">1.1</A>) What is PostgreSQL? How is it pronounced?<BR>
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<A href="#1.2">1.2</A>) What is the copyright of PostgreSQL?<BR>
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<A href="#1.3">1.3</A>) What platforms does PostgreSQL support?<BR>
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<A href="#1.4">1.4</A>) Where can I get PostgreSQL?<BR>
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@@ -116,7 +116,9 @@
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does not exist" errors when accessing temporary tables in PL/PgSQL
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functions?<BR>
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<A href="#4.20">4.20</A>) What replication solutions are available?<BR>
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<A href="#4.21">4.21</A>) Why are my table and column names not
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recognized in my query?<BR>
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<HR>
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@@ -124,8 +126,10 @@
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<H3><A name="1.1">1.1</A>) What is PostgreSQL? How is it pronounced?</H3>
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<P>PostgreSQL is pronounced <I>Post-Gres-Q-L</I>, also called just
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<I>Postgres</I>.</P>
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<P>PostgreSQL is pronounced <I>Post-Gres-Q-L</I>, and is also sometimes
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referred to as just <I>Postgres</I>. An audio file is available in
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<a href="http://www.postgresql.org/files/postgresql.mp3">MP3 format</a> for
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those would like to hear the pronunciation.</P>
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<P>PostgreSQL is an object-relational database system that has the
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features of traditional commercial database systems with
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@@ -231,7 +235,7 @@
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<H3><A name="1.7">1.7</A>) What is the latest release?</H3>
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<P>The latest release of PostgreSQL is version 8.0.2.</P>
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<P>The latest release of PostgreSQL is version 8.0.3.</P>
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<P>We plan to have a major release every year, with minor releases
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every few months.</P>
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@@ -613,6 +617,12 @@ table?</TD><TD>unlimited</TD></TR>
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<P>The maximum table size and maximum number of columns can be
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quadrupled by increasing the default block size to 32k.</P>
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<P>One limitation is that indexes can not be created on columns
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longer than about 2,000 characters. Fortunately, such indexes are
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rarely needed. Uniqueness is best guaranteed by a funtion index
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of an MD5 hash of the long column, and full text indexing
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allows for searching of words within the column.</P>
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<H3><A name="4.5">4.5</A>) How much database disk space is required
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to store data from a typical text file?</H3>
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@@ -625,23 +635,23 @@ table?</TD><TD>unlimited</TD></TR>
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The size of the PostgreSQL database file containing this data can
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be estimated as 6.4 MB:</P>
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<PRE>
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32 bytes: each row header (approximate)
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28 bytes: each row header (approximate)
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24 bytes: one int field and one text field
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+ 4 bytes: pointer on page to tuple
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----------------------------------------
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60 bytes per row
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56 bytes per row
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The data page size in PostgreSQL is 8192 bytes (8 KB), so:
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8192 bytes per page
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------------------- = 136 rows per database page (rounded down)
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60 bytes per row
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------------------- = 146 rows per database page (rounded down)
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56 bytes per row
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100000 data rows
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-------------------- = 735 database pages (rounded up)
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128 rows per page
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-------------------- = 685 database pages (rounded up)
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146 rows per page
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735 database pages * 8192 bytes per page = 6,021,120 bytes (6 MB)
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685 database pages * 8192 bytes per page = 5,611,520 bytes (5.6 MB)
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</PRE>
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<P>Indexes do not require as much overhead, but do contain the data
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@@ -740,7 +750,12 @@ table?</TD><TD>unlimited</TD></TR>
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<PRE>
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CREATE INDEX tabindex ON tab (lower(col));
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</PRE>
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<P>If the above index is created as <SMALL>UNIQUE</SMALL>, though
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the column can store upper and lowercase characters, it can not have
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identical values that differ only in case. To force a particular
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case to be stored in the column, use a <SMALL>CHECK</SMALL>
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constraint or a trigger.</P>
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<H3><A name="4.9">4.9</A>) In a query, how do I detect if a field
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is <SMALL>NULL</SMALL>? How can I sort on whether a field is <SMALL>
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NULL</SMALL> or not?</H3>
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@@ -1000,5 +1015,22 @@ length</TD></TR>
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<P>There are also commercial and hardware-based replication solutions
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available supporting a variety of replication models.</P>
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<H3><A name="4.21">4.21</A>) Why are my table and column names not
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recognized in my query?</H3>
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<P>The most common cause is the use of double-quotes around table or
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column names during table creation. When double-quotes are used,
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table and column names (called identifiers) are stored <a
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href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.0/static/sql-syntax.html#SQL-
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SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS">case-sensitive</a>, meaning you must use
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double-quotes when referencing the names in a query. Some interfaces,
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like pgAdmin, automatically double-quote identifiers during table
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creation. So, for identifiers to be recognized, you must either:
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<UL>
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<LI>Avoid double-quoting identifiers when creating tables</LI>
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<LI>Use only lowercase characters in identifiers</LI>
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<LI>Double-quote identifiers when referencing them in queries</LI>
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</UL>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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<H1>Developer's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) for
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PostgreSQL</H1>
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<P>Last updated: Sat May 14 12:26:01 EDT 2005</P>
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<P>Last updated: Mon Sep 19 21:28:08 EDT 2005</P>
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<P>Current maintainer: Bruce Momjian (<A href=
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"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)<BR>
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@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@
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before starting work. Failure to do so might mean your patch is
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rejected.</P>
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<P>A web site is maintained for patches that are ready to be applied,
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<P>A web site is maintained for patches awaiting review,
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<a href="http://momjian.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/pgpatches">
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http://momjian.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/pgpatches</a>, and
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those that are being kept for the next release,
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<a href="http://momjian.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/pgpatches2">
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<a href="http://momjian.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/pgpatches_hold">
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http://momjian.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/pgpatches2</a>.</P>
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<H3><A name="1.5">1.5</A>) I've developed a patch, what next?</H3>
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@@ -992,9 +992,9 @@
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<P>You can also compile with profiling to see what functions are
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taking execution time. The backend profile files will be deposited
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in the <I>pgsql/data/base/dbname</I> directory. The client profile
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file will be put in the client's current directory. Linux requires
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a compile with <I>-DLINUX_PROFILE</I> for proper profiling.</P>
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in the <I>pgsql/data</I> directory. The client profile file will be
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put in the client's current directory. Linux requires a compile with
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<I>-DLINUX_PROFILE</I> for proper profiling.</P>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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</P>
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<P>The most recent version of this document can be viewed at <A href=
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"http://momjian.postgresql.org/main/writings/pgsql/project/win32.html">
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http://momjian.postgresql.org/main/writings/pgsql/project/win32.html</A>.</P>
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"http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs.FAQ_MINGW.html">
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http://www.postgresql.org/docs/faqs.FAQ_MINGW.html</A>.</P>
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<P>The FAQ for running PostgreSQL on native Win32 is at <A href=
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"http://pginstaller.projects.postgresql.org/FAQ_windows.html">
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